Revised estimates for the volume of the Late Bronze Age Minoan eruption, Santorini, Greece
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The Late Bronze Age ‘Minoan’ eruption of Santorini, Greece occurred from within an existing caldera. Low-temperature pyroclastic flow emplacement on shallow slopes outside the caldera can only be consistent with the caldera being filled with eruption products that are not preserved. Field observations and seismic reflection surveys suggest that this missing material has been downfaulted. The volume of the caldera infill is estimated as 18–26 km 3 dense rock equivalent (DRE), increasing the total of the Minoan eruption deposits to 78–86 km 3 DRE and making it the largest known Holocene eruption. This study highlights a general mechanism whereby caldera eruption volumes could be significantly underestimated.
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The Santorini/Thera eruption was even larger than previously thought and so is even more likely responsible for a major signal in proxy records and a notable atmospheric dust veil.
“First, the Santorini/Thera eruption was even larger than previously thought [82], and so is even more likely responsible for a major signal in proxy records and a notable atmospheric dust veil.”
From Integrated Tree-Ring-Radiocarbon High-Resolution Timeframe to Resolve Earlier Second Millennium BCE Mesopotamian Chronology (2016) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Johnston, E. N., Sparks, R. S. J., Phillips, J. C., & Carey, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- University of Rhode Island (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the Geological Society
- Publisher
- Geological Society of London
- Published
- 2014-06-09
- Volume
- 171
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 583-590
- ISSN
- 0016-7649 (ISSN-L)
- 2041-479X
- OpenAlex
- W2101065821
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 8.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the Geological Society (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion)
- Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) (acceptedVersion)
- Journal of Media Literacy Education (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Geological formations and processes
- Keywords
- Santorini eruption, Minoan eruption, Late Bronze Age, eruption volume, pyroclastic flows, Holocene volcanism, eruption deposits, seismic reflection survey
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