Guiding Novice Web Workers in Making Image Descriptions Using Templates
Open accessAbstract
This article compares two methods of employing novice Web workers to author descriptions of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics images to make them accessible to individuals with visual and print-reading disabilities. The goal is to identify methods of creating image descriptions that are inexpensive, effective, and follow established accessibility guidelines. The first method explicitly presented the guidelines to the worker, then the worker constructed the image description in an empty text box and table. The second method queried the worker for image information and then used responses to construct a template-based description according to established guidelines. The descriptions generated through queried image description (QID) were more likely to include information on the image category, title, caption, and units. They were also more similar to one another, based on Jaccard distances of q-grams, indicating that their word usage and structure were more standardized. Last, the workers preferred describing images using QID and found the task easier. Therefore, explicit instruction on image-description guidelines is not sufficient to produce quality image descriptions when using novice Web workers. Instead, it is better to provide information about images, then generate descriptions from responses using templates.
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Haptic perception shares similar advantages to visual perception and is naturally suited for exploring spatial relationships.
“Haptic perception shares similar advantages [83] and is also naturally suited for exploring spatial relationships [91].”
From The Accessibility of Data Visualizations on the Web for Screen Reader Users: Practices and Experiences During COVID-19 (2023) · cites this paper as [83]
The Introduction discusses tactile graphics as an option for making images accessible, but does not discuss whether haptic perception is naturally suited to exploring spatial relationships. Searches for that phrase and for tactile or haptic exploration of spatial relationships found no passage addressing the claim attributed to this source by [91]. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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Kosova, Y., Redkokosh, K. I., & Mikheyev, P. O. (2024) · Open Education · doi:10.21686/1818-4243-2024-1-9-20 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
NarrationBot and InfoBot: A Hybrid System for Automated Video DescriptionPreprint
Ihorn, S. M., Siu, Y.-T., Bodi, A., Narins, L. D., Castanon, J. M., Kant, Y., Das, A., Yoon, I., & Fazli, P. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2111.03994 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationImpacts of Predictive Text on Writing Content
Arnold, K. C. (2020) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Mäkipää, J.-P., Mäenpää, T., Dang, D., & Pasanen, T. A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5261681
Sacramento, C., Ferreira, S. B. L., Braz, P., dos Remedios, S. E. L., & Marques, J. M. D. S. (2025) · Simpósio Brasileiro de Fatores Humanos em Sistemas Computacionais (IHC) · doi:10.5753/ihc.2025.10802
Kimogol, S. S., Nachtnebel, D. A., Safari, M. C., & Sanderson, N. C. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-29653-5_17
- Authors
- Morash, V. S., Siu, Y.-T., Miele, J. A., Hasty, L., & Landau, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- San Francisco State University (US)
- Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute (US)
- Rocky Mountain Braille Associates, La Paloma Way Colorado Springs, CO
- Touch Graphics (United States) (US)
- Venue
- ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing
- Published
- 2015-11-19
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1-21
- ISSN
- 1936-7228 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-7236
- OpenAlex
- W2295423240
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 18.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Special Education Programs
- Department of Education
- Cooperative Agreement (H327B100001)
- Benetechs DIAGRAM Center initiative
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Digital Accessibility for Disabilities
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Subtitles and Audiovisual Media
- Keywords
- picture description, web accessibility, visual impairment, accessibility guidelines, image captioning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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