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Full-stack, real-system quantum computer studies: architectural comparisons and design insights
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In recent years, Quantum Computing (QC) has progressed to the point where small working prototypes are available for use. Termed Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers, these prototypes are too small for large benchmarks or even for Quantum Error Correction (QEC), but they do have sufficient resources to run small benchmarks, particularly if compiled with optimizations to make use of scarce qubits and limited operation counts and coherence times. QC has not yet, however, settled on a particular preferred device implementation technology, and indeed different NISQ prototypes implement qubits with very different physical approaches and therefore widely-varying device and machine characteristics.
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“These multi-controlled operations are not natively supported by most available NISQ devices [201], limiting the practical applicability of approaches relying on this concept.”
From Quantum Combinatorial Optimization in the NISQ Era: A Systematic Mapping Study (2024) · cites this paper as [201]
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Crest, J. D., García-Herrero, F., Mhalla, M., Savin, V., & Valls, J. (2024) · Quantum · doi:10.22331/q-2024-05-02-1334 · Cited by 9
Pinpointing the System Reliability Degradation in NISQ Machines
Baheri, B., Xu, Z., Chaudhary, V., Mao, Y., Fang, B., Xu, S., & Guan, Q. (2022) · IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) · doi:10.1109/qce53715.2022.00087 · Cited by 5
Exploring a Double Full-Stack Communications-Enabled Architecture for Multi-Core Quantum ComputersPreprint
Rodrigo, S., Abadal, S., Alarcón, E., & Almudéver, C. G. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2009.08186 · Cited by 9
An Effective Framework for Full-Stack Benchmarking of Quantum Computers
Amoretti, M. (2021) · doi:10.22331/qv-2021-04-26-52 · Cited by 5
Nivelkar, M., & Bhirud, S. G. (2022) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4863-2_13 · Cited by 4
QisDAX: An Open Source Bridge from Qiskit to Trapped-Ion Quantum Devices
Badrike, K., Dalvi, A. S., Mazurek, F., D’Onofrio, M., Whitlow, J., Chen, T., Phiri, S., Riesebos, L., Brown, K. R., & Mueller, F. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) · doi:10.1109/qce57702.2023.00097 · Cited by 3
Towards Efficient Superconducting Quantum Processor Architecture Design
Li, G., Ding, Y., & Xie, Y. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15699-1_3 · Cited by 6
Towards Efficient Superconducting Quantum Processor Architecture DesignPreprint
Li, G., Ding, Y., & Xie, Y. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1911.12879 · Cited by 3
Entanglement and Quaternions: The graphical calculus ZQPreprint
Miller-Bakewell, H. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2003.09999 · Cited by 3
Du, Z.-Q., Li, X.-J., & Li, H. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15116373 · Cited by 2
Chen, M., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, Z., Li, J., & Li, X. (2022) · International Conference on Computer Aided Design · doi:10.1145/3508352.3549405 · Cited by 2
Yang, T., Wang, W., Zhao, B., Wang, L., Ding, X., Liang, C., & Shan, Z. (2024) · Quantum Information Processing · doi:10.1007/s11128-024-04425-7 · Cited by 2
Bounds on the recurrence probability in periodically-driven quantum systems
Pandit, T., Green, A., Alderete, C. H., Linke, N. M., & Uzdin, R. (2022) · Quantum · doi:10.22331/q-2022-04-06-682 · Cited by 2
Self-citationQuantum Annealing Stencils with Applications to Fuel Loading of a Nuclear Reactor
Fustero, J., Palmtag, S., & Mueller, F. (2021) · IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) · doi:10.1109/qce52317.2021.00044 · Cited by 3
Confidential Quantum Computing
Hrdá, B., & Wessel, S. (2023) · International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES) · doi:10.1145/3600160.3604982 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Murali, P., Linke, N. M., Martonosi, M., Abhari, A. J., Nguyen, N. H., & Alderete, C. H.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 46th International Symposium on Computer Architecture
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2019-06-22
- Pages
- 527-540
- ISSN
- 1063-6897 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2950036696
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 8.13
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings - International Symposium on Computer Architecture/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1730449)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Keywords
- quantum computing, NISQ devices, quantum error correction, quantum benchmarking, quantum circuit compilation, coherence time
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