Cited by 978Plant Pathogenic Bacteria StudiesPlant-Microbe Interactions and ImmunityBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

Xanthomonas AvrBs3 Family-Type III Effectors: Discovery and Function

Boch, Jens, Bonas, Ulla·2010·Annual Review of Phytopathology

Abstract

Xanthomonads are bacterial plant pathogens that cause diseases on many plant species, including important crops. Key to pathogenicity of most Xanthomonas pathovars is a Hrp-type III secretion (T3S) system that translocates effector proteins into plant cells. Within the eukaryotic cell, the effectors are thought to perform a variety of tasks to support bacterial virulence, proliferation, and dissemination. We are only beginning to understand the host targets of different effectors. The largest effector family found in Xanthomonas spp. is the AvrBs3/PthA or TAL (transcription activator-like) family. TAL effectors act as transcriptional activators in the plant cell nucleus. Specificity of TAL effectors is determined by a novel modular DNA-binding domain. Here, we describe the discovery of TAL effectors and their structure, activity, and host targets.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080508-081936

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  • DNA recognition specificity of TALEs is contributed by the highly variable amino acids at position 12 and 13, called repeat variable diresidues (RVDs).

    “The DNA recognition specificity is contributed by the highly variable amino acids at position 12 and 13, so called repeat variable diresidues (RVDs) (for example, HD (His, Asp) targets cytosine (C), NI (Asn, Ile) targets adenine (A), NG (Asn, Gly) targets thymine (T), and NN (Asn, Asn) targets guanine (G) and adenine (A)).”

    From Newer Gene Editing Technologies toward HIV Gene Therapy (2013) · cites this paper as [68]

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Authors
Boch, J., & Bonas, U.
Affiliations
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (DE)
Venue
Annual Review of Phytopathology
Published
2010-07-01
Volume
48
Issue
1
Pages
419-436
ISSN
  • 0066-4286 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-2107
OpenAlex
W2130931930
Cited by
978
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 82 · 2014: 102 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 53
FWCI
5.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Annual Review of Phytopathology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Florida
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords
Xanthomonas, AvrBs3, TAL effectors, type III effector proteins, plant pathogenic bacteria, transcriptional activator, DNA-binding domain, bacterial virulence, plant disease
MeSH terms
Bacterial Proteins, Host-Parasite Interactions, Plant Diseases, Xanthomonas, Gene Expression, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

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