The DOI matches its Crossref record; 154 of the 154 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Postsynaptic Architecture of Excitatory Synapses: A More Quantitative View
Abstract
Excitatory (glutamatergic) synapses in the mammalian brain are usually situated on dendritic spines, a postsynaptic microcompartment that also harbors organelles involved in protein synthesis, membrane trafficking, and calcium metabolism. The postsynaptic membrane contains a high concentration of glutamate receptors, associated signaling proteins, and cytoskeletal elements, all assembled by a variety of scaffold proteins into an organized structure called the postsynaptic density (PSD). A complex machine made of hundreds of distinct proteins, the PSD dynamically changes its structure and composition during development and in response to synaptic activity. The molecular size of the PSD and the stoichiometry of many major constituents have been recently measured. The structures of some intact PSD proteins, as well as the spatial arrangement of several proteins within the PSD, have been determined at low resolution by electron microscopy. On the basis of such studies, a more quantitative and geometrically realistic view of PSD architecture is emerging.
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“Second, it is present in the brain at extraordinarily high levels, rivaling the levels of cytoskeletal proteins (63–67), suggesting that CaMKII may play a structural role (27, 68).”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“since there are roughly 20–30 NMDARs in the PSD (66, 143) and ∼100 holoenzymes [∼1,200 CaMKII subunits (65)], after NMDAR activation only a small fraction of subunits per holoenzyme would be directly bound to GluN2B.”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“However, actin is largely excluded from the core of the PSD, interacting with such proteins as Shank and SAPAP located in the deeper, cytoplasmic-facing layer of the PSD referred to as the pallium (66, 162, 322).”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“It should be pointed out that, although it is well established that CaMKII phosphorylates numerous synaptic proteins (66, 434–437), as reviewed here, despite intensive research an essential role for CaMKII phosphorylation of many of these targets largely remains elusive.”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“Actin is largely excluded from the core of the PSD (66, 322), and evidence suggests that, at least for the first hour, the changes in spine size are not accompanied by changes in the size of the PSD (56).”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“The geometry of the spine neck determines the rate of calcium efflux into the dendrite shaft and hence the degree of elevation of calcium concentrations within the spine head, following n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation (Bloodgood and Sabatini, 2005; Alvarez and Sabatini, 2007; Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007).”
From Human Brain/Cloud Interface (2019) · cites this paper as Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007
In the citing paper
“Remarkably, recent evidence points toward the rapid exchange of PSD proteins, such as AMPARS and PSD-95, even between neighboring synapses under steady-state conditions (Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007).”
From Human Brain/Cloud Interface (2019) · cites this paper as Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007
In the citing paper
“Longer-term changes in the PSD structure and composition (from hours to days) involve altered protein synthesis, either within the neuronal cell body, or dendrites (Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007).”
From Human Brain/Cloud Interface (2019) · cites this paper as Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007
In the citing paper
“The PSD dynamically regulates its components through protein phosphorylation, palmitoylation, local protein translation, the ubiquitin-proteasome system for protein degradation, and redistribution of specific proteins (e.g., CaMKIIα, AMPARs) both entering and leaving the PSD (Kim and Ko, 2006; Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007).”
From Human Brain/Cloud Interface (2019) · cites this paper as Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007
In the citing paper
“For instance, the activity-dependent modification of PSD proteins occurring over timescales of seconds to hours is believed to underlie plasticity processes such as LTP and LTD (Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007).”
From Human Brain/Cloud Interface (2019) · cites this paper as Sheng and Hoogenraad, 2007
Citations
Cites
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Beaulieu, J.-M., & Gainetdinov, R. R. (2011) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.110.002642 · Cited by 2,763
Neuroligins and neurexins link synaptic function to cognitive disease
Südhof, T. C. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07456 · Cited by 1,849
How the Timing and Quality of Early Experiences Influence the Development of Brain Architecture
Fox, S. E., Levitt, P., & Nelson, C. A. (2010) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01380.x · Cited by 1,088
Brain Glucose Metabolism: Integration of Energetics with Function
Dienel, G. A. (2018) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00062.2017 · Cited by 911
Actin in action: the interplay between the actin cytoskeleton and synaptic efficacy.
Cingolani, L. A., & Goda, Y. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2373 · Cited by 831
Metadata
- Authors
- Sheng, M., & Hoogenraad, C. C.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2007-06-07
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 823-847
- ISSN
- 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4509
- OpenAlex
- W2071318481
- Cited by
- 1,003
- References
- 154
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 5.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- postsynaptic density, excitatory synapses, glutamatergic synapses, dendritic spines, synaptic structure, glutamate receptors, synaptic scaffolds, protein stoichiometry, postsynaptic membrane, synaptic plasticity, electron microscopy of synapses
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Cell Membrane, Models, Molecular, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Synapses, Receptors, Glutamate, Dendritic Spines
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