Cited by 1,231Heat shock proteins researchGenomics and Chromatin DynamicsBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

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Heat Shock Transcription Factors: Structure and Regulation

Wu, Carl·1995·Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology

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Abstract

Organisms respond to elevated temperatures and to chemical and physiological stresses by an increase in the synthesis of heat shock proteins. The regulation of heat shock gene expression in eukaryotes is mediated by the conserved heat shock transcription factor (HSF). HSF is present in a latent state under normal conditions; it is activated upon heat stress by induction of trimerization and high-affinity binding to DNA and by exposure of domains for transcriptional activity. Analysis of HSF cDNA clones from many species has defined structural and regulatory regions responsible for the inducible activities. The heat stress signal is thought to be transduced to HSF by changes in the physical environment, in the activity of HSF-modifying enzymes. or by changes in the intracellular level of heat shock proteins.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.002301

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BackgroundInfluential
Enhancement of Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Genetic Manipulation: A Systematic Review
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“During heat stress, Hsfs are activated as the terminal components of a signal transduction chain and mediate expression of heat shock genes by binding to heat shock element (HSE) (Wu 1995).”
Background
Tight regulation of expression of two Arabidopsis cytosolic Hsp90 genes during embryo development
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Background
Maintenance of Olfactory Neurogenesis Requires HSF1, a Major Heat Shock Transcription Factor in Mice
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Background
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Background
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Self-citation
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Lin, Y., Cheng, Y., Jin, J., Jin, X., Jiang, H., Yan, H., & Cheng, B. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102825 · Cited by 80
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“The heat shock response is characterized by the expression of a set of molecular chaperones termed heat shock proteins (Hsps) that facilitate the folding of proteins and maintain protein homeostasis (Parsell and Lindquist, 1993), and is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level by heat shock transcription factors…”
Background
The impact of heat stress in plant reproduction
Resentini, F., Orozco‐Arroyo, G., Cucinotta, M., & Mendes, M. A. (2023) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1271644 · Cited by 90
“In contrast to the limited number of HSF members in vertebrates (4), Drosophila (1), Caenorhabditis elegans (1), and yeast (1), plant HSF families exhibit a considerable number of members derived from a complex, plant-speci ﬁ c superfamily, as highlighted by Wu (1995) and Morimoto (1998).”
Background
Chronic fatigue syndrome combines increased exercise‐induced oxidative stress and reduced cytokine and Hsp responses
Jammes, Y., Steinberg, J., Delliaux, S., & Brégeon, F. (2009) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02079.x · Cited by 81
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Hahn, J. (2005) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.07.024 · Cited by 83
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Background
A heat‐activated MAP kinase in tomato: a possible regulator of the heat stress response
Link, V., Sinha, A. K., Vashista, P., et al. (2002) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03498-1 · Cited by 80
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2011 AND 2012 EARLY CAREERS ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS: Metabolic priorities during heat stress with an emphasis on skeletal muscle1,2
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Background
empty pericarp2 Encodes a Negative Regulator of the Heat Shock Response and Is Required for Maize Embryogenesis
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Background
Characterization of HSFY, a novel AZFb gene on the Y chromosome with a possible role in human spermatogenesis
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“Inducible HSP expression is regulated by the heat shock transcription factors, which in response to various inducers acquire DNA-binding activity to the heat shock element (HSE), thereby mediating transcription of the heat shock genes (Wu, 1995; Morano et al., 1999).”
Background
Drosophila Heat Shock System as a General Model to Investigate Transcriptional RegulationPreprint
Guertin, M. J., Petesch, S. J., Zobeck, K. L., Min, I. M., & Lis, J. T. (2010) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.2010.75.039 · Cited by 76
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Background
Exercise can increase small heat shock proteins (sHSP) and pre- and post-synaptic proteins in the hippocampus
Hu, S., Ying, Z., Gomez-Pinilla, F., & Frautschy, S. A. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.054 · Cited by 79
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Influential
Expression of a Dominant Negative Heat Shock Factor-1 Construct Inhibits Aneuploidy in Prostate Carcinoma Cells*
Wang, Y., Thériault, J. R., He, H., Gong, J., & Calderwood, S. K. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m401475200 · Cited by 79
LlHSFA1, a novel heat stress transcription factor in lily (Lilium longiflorum), can interact with LlHSFA2 and enhance the thermotolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
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“As chaperones, HSPs can protect living cells from injury (Wu 1995; Morimoto 1998; von Koskull-Döring et al. 2007).”
Background
The loop domain of heat shock transcription factor 1 dictates DNA-binding specificity and responses to heat stressPreprint
Ahn, S., Liu, P. C. C., Klyachko, K. A., Morimoto, R. I., & Thiele, D. J. (2001) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.894801 · Cited by 78
“Such cooperative DNA binding has also been established for lower eukaryotic HSFs from yeast and fly (Xiao et al. 1991).”
BackgroundInfluential
Protein Kinase A Binds and Activates Heat Shock Factor 1
Murshid, A., Chou, S., Prince, T. L., Zhang, Y., Bharti, A. K., & Calderwood, S. K. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013830 · Cited by 79
“to be a requirement for binding to HSP promoters [7].”
Background
Thermotolerant Desert Lizards Characteristically Differ in Terms of Heat-Shock System Regulation
Zatsepina, O. G., Ulmasov, K. A., Beresten, S. F., et al. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.203.6.1017 · Cited by 78
Molecular Chaperones in Ectothermic Marine Animals: Biochemical Function and Gene Expression
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“In order to begin to understand the mechanisms that explain the plasticity of Hsp induction, we have focused on the activity of heat shock factor-1 (HSF1), the transcription factor that regulates the transactivation of the stress-inducible Hsp genes (Wu, 1995).”
Background
Whole-Genome Analysis Reveals That Active Heat Shock Factor Binding Sites Are Mostly Associated with Non-Heat Shock Genes in Drosophila melanogaster
Gonsalves, S. E., Moses, A. M., Razak, Z., Robert, F., & Westwood, J. T. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015934 · Cited by 77
“The HSF that is primarily involved in responding to heat and other stress agents has been designated HSF1 in most species with multiple HSFs (for reviews of HSF see [9,10,11,12,13]).”
Background
The Pih1-Tah1 Cochaperone Complex Inhibits Hsp90 Molecular Chaperone ATPase Activity
Eckert, K., Saliou, J., Monlezun, L., Vigouroux, A., Atmane, N., Caillat, C., Quevillon‐Chéruel, S., Madiona, K., Nicaise, M., Lazereg, S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.138263 · Cited by 77
Heat shock factor 2 is required for maintaining proteostasis against febrile-range thermal stress and polyglutamine aggregation
Shinkawa, T., Tan, K., Fujimoto, M., Hayashida, N., Yamamoto, K., Takaki, E., Takii, R., Prakasam, R., Inouye, S., Mezger, V., et al. (2011) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e11-04-0330 · Cited by 82
“Molecular Biology of the Cell the level of transcription by heat shock factor (HSF; Wu, 1995; Akerfelt et al., 2010).”
Background
Intramolecular Repression of Mouse Heat Shock Factor 1
Farkas, T., Kutskova, Y. A., & Zimarino, V. (1998) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.18.2.906 · Cited by 77
“Similar procedures were employed for purifications of HSF1[H179R] and HSF1[1-430], except that proteins were applied to Blue Sepharose in 0.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Heat shock protein 72 : release and biological significance during exercise
Whitham, M. (2007) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/2765 · Cited by 78
“The induction of Hsp72 depends on the heat shock element (HSE) in the promoter region of the HSP gene binding heat shock transcription factor -1 (3).”
Background
Adaptation to stress in yeast: to translate or not?
Simpson, C. E., & Ashe, M. (2012) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20120078 · Cited by 76
Genetic and epigenetic determinants establish a continuum of Hsf1 occupancy and activity across the yeast genome
Pincus, D., Anandhakumar, J., Thiru, P., Guertin, M. J., Erkine, A. M., & Gross, D. S. (2018) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e18-06-0353 · Cited by 75
“…(Hsf1), master activator of the heat shock response, is a winged helix-turn-helix transcription factor that recognizes DNA sequence motifs (heat shock elements) located upstream of genes encoding chaperones and other cytoprotective heat shock proteins (HSPs) (Wu, 1995; Gomez-Pastor et al. , 2018).”
Molecular chaperones and heat shock proteins in atherosclerosis
Xu, Q., Metzler, B., Jahangiri, M., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00646.2011 · Cited by 75
“HSFs interact with a specific regulatory element, the heat shock element, present in the promoters of HSP genes (56, 74).”
Background
Heat-Shock Factor 1 Controls Genome-wide Acetylation in Heat-shocked Cells
Fritah, S., Col, E., Boyault, C., et al. (2009) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-04-0295 · Cited by 75
“…transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is responsible for the stress-induced activation of heat-shock genes and chromatin remodeling events associated with HSF1-mediated gene activation has been thoroughly investigated in the literature (reviewed in Wu, 1995; Sorger, 1991; Morimoto et al., 1992, 1996).”
Background
Sphingoid Base Is Required for Translation Initiation during Heat Stress inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Meier, K. D., Deloche, O., Kajiwara, K., et al. (2005) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-11-1039 · Cited by 74
“Hsf1p binds to heat shock elements (HSEs) found in the promoter region of many heat shock protein genes (Wu, 1995).”
Background
Transposable Elements: Major Players in Shaping Genomic and Evolutionary Patterns
Romano, N. C., & Fanti, L. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11061048 · Cited by 85
Analysis of HSF4 Binding Regions Reveals Its Necessity for Gene Regulation during Development and Heat Shock Response in Mouse Lenses
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Increased heat shock transcription factor 1 in the cerebellum reverses the deficiency of Purkinje cells in Alzheimer's disease
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Understanding the Role of Heat Shock Protein Isoforms in Male Fertility, Aging and Apoptosis
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“Wu [27] showed that the expression pattern of Hsp90 in the rabbit testes was similar to that of Hsp70.”
Method
Stage-Specific Expression and Cellular Localization of the Heat Shock Factor 2 Isoforms in the Rat Seminiferous Epithelium
Alastalo, T., Lönnström, M., Leppä, S., et al. (1998) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1006/excr.1997.3926 · Cited by 73
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“Using SMART, MARCOIL, NLStradamus and NetNES, we identified DBDs, ODs, NLSs and NESs motifs from the amino acid sequences of 16 Hsfs of tea plant.”
BackgroundInfluential
Hyperthermia Induces the ER Stress Pathway
Xu, X., Gupta, S., Hu, W., McGrath, B. C., & Cavener, D. R. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023740 · Cited by 72
“In contrast the heat shock response is initiated by the activation of the heat shock transcription factor (HSF) that stimulates the rapid induction of the classic heat shock genes [12,13,14,15].”
Background
Analysis of the Regulation of Target Genes by anArabidopsisHeat Shock Transcription Factor, HsfA2
Nishizawa‐Yokoi, A., Yoshida, E., Yabuta, Y., et al. (2009) · Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1271/bbb.80809 · Cited by 72
Heat-shock cognate 70 is required for the activation of heat-shock factor 1 in mammalian cells
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Noradrenaline and α-adrenergic signaling induce thehsp70gene promoter in mollusc immune cells
Lacoste, A., Cian, M. D., Cueff, A., & Poulet, S. A. (2001) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.114.19.3557 · Cited by 71
The 70 kDa stress-related proteins as molecular chaperones
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Ferroptosis: At the Crossroad of Gemcitabine Resistance and Tumorigenesis in Pancreatic Cancer
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Expression of heat shock protein-coding genes associated with anhydrobiosis in an African chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki
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“The deduced amino acid sequence of Pv-hsf1 shows the typical characteristics of the HSF1 family (Wu 1995), including the DNA binding domain and oligomerization domains (Supplemental”
Background
The 26S Proteasome Function and Hsp90 Activity Involved in the Regulation of HsfA2 Expression in Response to Oxidative Stress
Nishizawa‐Yokoi, A., Tainaka, H., Yoshida, E., Tamoi, M., Yabuta, Y., & Shigeoka, S. (2010) · Plant and Cell Physiology · doi:10.1093/pcp/pcq015 · Cited by 70
Adaptogens Stimulate Neuropeptide Y and Hsp72 Expression and Release in Neuroglia Cells
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“In the next series of experiments, we demonstrated that ADAPT-232 significantly activates HSF1, a protein known to initiate the synthesis of Hsp72 (Wu, 1995), However, ADAPT-232 is inactive in “silent” cells transfected by HSF1-siRNA which effectively inhibits baseline levels of HSF1 expression…”
Background
Targeting HSP70 induced thermotolerance for design of thermal sensitizers
Calderwood, S. K., & Asea, A. A. A. (2002) · International Journal of Hyperthermia · doi:10.1080/0265673021000019666 · Cited by 70
Phosphorylation of the Yeast Heat Shock Transcription Factor Is Implicated in Gene-Specific Activation Dependent on the Architecture of the Heat Shock Element
Hashikawa, N., & Sakurai, H. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.24.9.3648-3659.2004 · Cited by 68
Transcriptional regulation of small HSP—HSF1 and beyond
de Thonel, A., Mouël, A. L., & Mezger, V. (2012) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2012.06.012 · Cited by 74
Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Expression and Breast Cancer
Zagouri, F., Bournakis, E., Koutsoukos, K., & PAPADIMITRIOU, C. A. (2012) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph5091008 · Cited by 68
“Moreover, HSF1 plays a putative role in breast carcinoma progression by inducing HSPs [11].”
BackgroundInfluential
Heat shock response of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus): candidate gene and heterologous microarray approaches
Healy, T. M., Tymchuk, W. E., Osborne, E. J., & Schulte, P. M. (2010) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00209.2009 · Cited by 72
Human heat shock factor 1 is predominantly a nuclear protein before and after heat stress
Mercier, P. A., Winegarden, N. A., & Westwood, J. T. (1999) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.112.16.2765 · Cited by 67
Regulation of the heat shock response under anoxia in the turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans
Krivoruchko, A., & Storey, K. B. (2009) · Journal of Comparative Physiology B · doi:10.1007/s00360-009-0414-9 · Cited by 67
“In response to various stressors, HSFs are activated and bind to the heat shock element (HSE), mediating transcription of heat shock genes and resulting in accumulation of HSPs (Wu 1995; Morano and Thiele 1999).”
Background
Association and Regulation of Heat Shock Transcription Factor 4b with both Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Dual-Specificity Tyrosine Phosphatase DUSP26
Hu, Y., & Mivechi, N. F. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.26.8.3282-3294.2006 · Cited by 67
“The plasmids pGEX-Hsf4b, pGEX-Hsf4b (1-230), pGEX-Hsf4b (1-”
BackgroundInfluential
The Hsp70 chaperone is a major player in stress-induced transposable element activation
Cappucci, U., Noro, F., Casale, A. M., Fanti, L., Berloco, M. F., Alagia, A. A., Grassi, L., Pera, L. L., Piacentini, L., & Pimpinelli, S. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1903936116 · Cited by 70
HSF1: Primary Factor in Molecular Chaperone Expression and a Major Contributor to Cancer Morbidity
Prince, T. L., Lang, B. J., Guerrero-Gimenez, M. E., Fernandez-Muñoz, J. M., Ackerman, A., & Calderwood, S. K. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9041046 · Cited by 67
“The guardian of the proteome, HSF1, once activated, swiftly binds to heat shock elements (HSEs) in the promoters of HSP genes, initiating synchronous transcription of these previously silent genes [6,7].”
Background
A novel mechanism for chaperone-mediated telomerase regulation during prostate cancer progression.
Akalin, A., Elmore, L. W., Forsythe, H. L., Amaker, B. A., McCollum, E. D., Nelson, P. S., Ware, J. L., & Holt, S. E. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 67
Regulation of a lymphocyte–endothelial–IL-6 trans-signaling axis by fever-range thermal stress: Hot spot of immune surveillance
Vardam, T. D., Zhou, L., Appenheimer, M. M., Chen, Q., Wang, W.-C., Baumann, H., & Evans, S. S. (2007) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2007.07.184 · Cited by 67
Phosphorylation by a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Modulates DNA Binding of the Arabidopsis Heat-Shock Transcription Factor HSF1 in Vitro
Reindl, A., Schöffl, F., Schell, J., Koncz, C., & Bakó, L. (1997) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.115.1.93 · Cited by 63
Heat stress response and heat stress transcription factors
Scharf, K., Höhfeld, I., & Nover, L. (1998) · Journal of Biosciences · doi:10.1007/bf02936124 · Cited by 64
Sodium Salicylate Decreases Intracellular ATP, Induces Both Heat Shock Factor Binding and Chromosomal Puffing, but Does Not Induce hsp 70 Gene Transcription in Drosophila
Winegarden, N. A., Wong, K. S., Sopta, M., & Westwood, J. T. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.43.26971 · Cited by 66
Heat Shock Factor Increases the Reinitiation Rate from Potentiated Chromatin Templates
Sandaltzopoulos, R., & Becker, P. B. (1998) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.18.1.361 · Cited by 66
Significant correlation between expression of heat shock proteins 27, 70 and lymphocyte infiltration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Nakajima, M., Kuwano, H., Miyazaki, T., et al. (2002) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00825-4 · Cited by 65
Proteasome inhibitor MG132 induces BAG3 expression through activation of heat shock factor 1
Du, Z., Zhang, H., Meng, X., Gao, Y., Zou, R., Liu, B.-Q., Guan, Y., & Wang, H. (2008) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.21634 · Cited by 65
“…of stress-responsive genes, such as hsp genes, is mainly regulated by a family of heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), which bind to cis-acting DNA elements termed the heat shock elements (HSEs) on target genes (Wu, 1995; Morimoto, 1998; Morano and Thiele, 1999; Pirkkala et al., 2001).”
Background
The heat shock transcription factor 1 as a potential new therapeutic target in multiple myeloma
Heimberger, T., Andrulis, M., Riedel, S. S., et al. (2012) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.12164 · Cited by 65
“HSF1 physiologically coordinates the highly conserved heat shock response program, which restores and maintains normal protein folding, signalling and metabolism and thus enables cells to resist and survive conditions of stress (Lindquist, 1986; Lindquist & Craig, 1988; Morimoto, 1993; Wu, 1995; Voellmy, 1996).”
Background
Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Stem Cell Behavior
Fan, G. (2012) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398459-3.00014-9 · Cited by 64
Heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) gene family in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): genome-wide identification, phylogeny, evolutionary expansion and expression analyses at the sprout stage under abiotic stress
Zhāng, Q., Geng, J., Du, Y., et al. (2022) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/s12870-021-03417-4 · Cited by 64
“Among them, DBD and OD domain are the most evolutionary conserved and are used to accurately identify and combine the promoters of heat shock protein (Hsp) [8].”
Background
Constitutive Nuclear Import and Stress‐Regulated Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of Mammalian Heat‐Shock Factor 1
Vujanac, M., Fenaroli, A., & Zimarino, V. (2005) · Traffic · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00266.x · Cited by 64
“1 3 3 250 198 TNLS 37 °C A ct in a nd D N A TNLS-HSF1[3-250, ∆160-172]-β-Gal TNLS-HSF1[198503]-β-Gal TNLS-HSF1[3-250]β-Gal β-Gal TNLS-β-Gal 503 200 T N LS -β -”
BackgroundInfluential
Heat Shock Transcription Factor 1 Is Required for Maintenance of Ciliary Beating in Mice
Takaki, E., Fujimoto, M., Nakahari, T., et al. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m704562200 · Cited by 64
mTOR signaling in protein homeostasis
Conn, C. S., & Qian, S. (2011) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.10.12.15858 · Cited by 66
“In mammalian cells, the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is the major transcriptional regulator of stress response.(20)”
Background
Plasma Hsp72 (HSPA1A) and Hsp27 (HSPB1) expression under heat stress: influence of exercise intensity
Périard, J. D., Ruell, P. A., Caillaud, C., & Thompson, M. W. (2012) · Cell Stress and Chaperones · doi:10.1007/s12192-011-0313-3 · Cited by 64
“It has also been shown that eHsp27 concentration increases quickly in response to the combination of hyperoxia and maximal isometric exercise to fatigue, possibly to counterbalance the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (Wu 1995; Brerro-Saby et al. 2010).”
Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) as a Molecular Target for the Development of Novel Drugs Against the Dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum
Jacob, T. R., Peres, N. T. A., Martins, M. P., Lang, E. A. S., Sanches, P. R., Rossi, A., & Martinez-Rossi, N. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01241 · Cited by 65
“The heat shock transcription factor Hsf1 positively regulates the transcription of the hsp90 gene in C. albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; both pharmacological inhibition and genetic depletion of Hsp90 correlate with Hsf1 activation in response to thermal stress (Wu, 1995; Leach et al., 2012b).”
Background
Isolation and characterization of HsfA3, a new heat stress transcription factor of Lycopersicon peruvianum
Bharti, K., Schmidt, E. K., Lyck, R., et al. (2000) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00746.x · Cited by 64
Homo- and Heterodimerization in Transcriptional Regulation
Funnell, A. P. W., & Crossley, M. (2012) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3229-6_7 · Cited by 66
Molecular Cochaperones: Tumor Growth and Cancer Treatment
Calderwood, S. K. (2013) · Scientifica · doi:10.1155/2013/217513 · Cited by 65
“The mechanisms which underlie the elevated expression of molecular chaperones of the HSPA and HSPD families in cancer are currently unclear but may involve the dysregulation of transcription factor HSF1 first shown to couple stress to HSP transcription [8, 26].”
Background
Riluzole Increases the Amount of Latent HSF1 for an Amplified Heat Shock Response and Cytoprotection
Yang, J., Bridges, K., Chen, K. Y., & Liu, A. Y. ‐. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002864 · Cited by 65
“HSF1 mediates the HSR: stress acutely converts the constitutively expressed dormant, monomeric HSF1 in the cytosol to a nuclear localized, hyperphosphorylated HSF1 trimer that binds and trans-activates the heat shock promoters [18].”
Background
Geldanamycin Restores a Defective Heat Shock Responsein Vivo
Winklhofer, K. F., Reintjes, A., Hoener, M. C., Voellmy, R. W., & Tatzelt, J. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m104873200 · Cited by 63
HSF and Msn2/4p can exclusively or cooperatively activate the yeast HSP104 gene
Grably, M. R., Stanhill, A., Tell, O., & Engelberg, D. (2002) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02860.x · Cited by 61
“cerevisiae it is capable of binding DNA under both optimal and stress conditions (Sorger et al., 1987; Jakobsen and Pelham, 1988; Morimoto, 1998; Sandaltzopoulos and Becker, 1998; Sorger, 1991; Wu, 1995; Zandi et al., 1997).”
Background
Modulation of Human Heat Shock Factor Trimerization by the Linker Domain
Liu, P. C. C., & Thiele, D. J. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.24.17219 · Cited by 63
Thioredoxin Is Transcriptionally Induced upon Activation of Heat Shock Factor 2
Leppä, S., Pirkkala, L., Chow, S. C., et al. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.48.30400 · Cited by 63
Heat Shock Protein as Molecular Targets for Breast Cancer Therapeutics
Kim, L. S., & Kim, J. H. (2011) · Journal of Breast Cancer · doi:10.4048/jbc.2011.14.3.167 · Cited by 63
“If HSPs are over-expressed in the absence of stress it binds directly to the HSF1 trans-activation domain resulting in its suppression [9,10].”
Background
Transcription Factors Regulating the Response to Oxidative Stress in Yeast
Moye-Rowley, S. (2002) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/152308602753625915 · Cited by 63
“The role of Hsf1p in the heat-shock response is the defining characteristic of this protein, but it is clear that this transcription factor plays roles in response to a much broader range of stresses (for review, see 111).”
Heat shock factor functions at the convergence of the stress response and developmental pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans
Walker, G. A., Thompson, F., Brawley, A., Scanlon, T., & Devaney, E. (2003) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-0164fje · Cited by 63
“HSF then forms trimers and binds to heat shock elements (HSEs) in the promoter regions of HSP genes (4).”
Background
The Sch9 protein kinase regulates Hsp90 chaperone complex signal transduction activity in vivo
Morano, K. A., & Thiele, D. J. (1999) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/18.21.5953 · Cited by 62
Effects of the flavonoid drug Quercetin on the response of human prostate tumours to hyperthermia in vitro and in vivo
Asea, A. A. A., Ara, G., Teicher, B. A., et al. (2001) · International Journal of Hyperthermia · doi:10.1080/02656730110053146 · Cited by 62

Authors: Wu, C.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Wu, Carl
ORCID: Wu, Carl
Venue: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 1995-11
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: 441-469
ISSN: 1081-0706 (ISSN-L)
1530-8995
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.002301
OpenAlex: W2145760315
Cited by: 1,231
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 57
FWCI: 11.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords: heat shock transcription factor, heat shock proteins, heat shock gene expression, DNA binding, transcriptional activation
MeSH terms: Heat Shock Transcription Factors, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Bacteria, Binding Sites, Cloning, Molecular, DNA-Binding Proteins, Heat-Shock Proteins, Humans, Models, Structural, Molecular Sequence Data, Transcription Factors, Conserved Sequence, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Protein Structure, Secondary, Helix-Turn-Helix Motifs

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Heat Shock Transcription Factors: Structure and Regulation

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