Cited by 1,231Heat shock proteins researchGenomics and Chromatin DynamicsBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Heat Shock Transcription Factors: Structure and Regulation

Wu, Carl·1995·Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Organisms respond to elevated temperatures and to chemical and physiological stresses by an increase in the synthesis of heat shock proteins. The regulation of heat shock gene expression in eukaryotes is mediated by the conserved heat shock transcription factor (HSF). HSF is present in a latent state under normal conditions; it is activated upon heat stress by induction of trimerization and high-affinity binding to DNA and by exposure of domains for transcriptional activity. Analysis of HSF cDNA clones from many species has defined structural and regulatory regions responsible for the inducible activities. The heat stress signal is thought to be transduced to HSF by changes in the physical environment, in the activity of HSF-modifying enzymes. or by changes in the intracellular level of heat shock proteins.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.002301

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 1,000

Long non-coding RNAs are associated with spatiotemporal gene expression profiles in the marine gastropod Tegula atra
Détrée, C., Núñez-Acuña, G., Tapia, F. J., et al. (2017) · Marine Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.margen.2017.01.002 · Cited by 15
Comparative analysis of the transcriptome of the Amazonian fish species Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) and hybrid tambacu by next generation sequencing
Gomes, F., Watanabe, L. A., Júnior, J. L. D. S. G. V., Nunes, M. R. T., Cardoso, J. F., de Lima, C. P. S., Schneider, H., & Sampaio, I. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212755 · Cited by 15
“noteworthy, given that the expression of these genes is usually a response to stress factors, including environmental conditions and disease [79, 80, 85].”
Background
Induction of the DNA-binding and transcriptional activities of heat shock factor 1 is uncoupled in Xenopus oocytes
Bharadwaj, S., Hnatov, A., Ali, A., et al. (1998) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/s0167-4889(97)00146-8 · Cited by 15
A systematic approach to detecting transcription factors in response to environmental stresses
Lin, L.-H., Lee, H., Li, W., & Chen, B. (2007) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-8-473 · Cited by 15
“This prediction is in agreement with the experimental evidence that the expression of the major heat shock proteins (Hsps), which have been classified according to their molecular mass as Hsp104, Hsp90, the Hsp70 family, Hsp60, Hsp26, and Hsp12 [38], is controlled by Hsf1, which binds to cis-acting heat shock control…”
Result
Phenylarsine oxide inhibits heat shock protein 70 induction in cultured guinea pig gastric mucosal cells
Rokutan, K., Miyoshi, M., Teshima, S., et al. (2000) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.5.c1506 · Cited by 15
Functional Analysis ofHSF4Mutations Found in Patients With Autosomal Recessive Congenital Cataracts
Merath, K., Ronchetti, A., & Sidjanin, D. J. (2013) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12283 · Cited by 15
“The role of HSFs is in the transactivation of downstream target genes, via binding to the heat shock element consensus sequence (5nGAAn-3), in response to environmental and developmental stresses.(6,7) HSF4 binds DNA as a homotrimer and trimerization of HSF4 subunits is mediated by the hydrophobic repeat region (HR-A/…”
Background
Inactivation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B in vitro by heat shock
Scheper, G. C., Thomas, A. A. M., & van Roel, W. I. J. K. (1998) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3340463 · Cited by 15
Regulation of keratinocyte expression of stress proteins and antioxidants by the electrophilic nitrofatty acids 9- and 10-nitrooleic acid
Zheng, R., Heck, D. E., Black, A. T., Gow, A. J., Laskin, D. L., & Laskin, J. D. (2013) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.011 · Cited by 14
“Previous work has shown that heat shock proteins and HO-1 are regulated by the transcription factor HSF-1 [22,23].”
The Multifaceted Role of HSF1 in Pathophysiology: Focus on Its Interplay with TG2
Occhigrossi, L., D’Eletto, M., Barlev, N. A., & Rossin, F. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22126366 · Cited by 14
Molecular characterization of a novel heat shock transcription factor gene TaHsfA2-11 and its overexpression improves thermotolerance in wheat
Li, G., Liu, Z., Zhang, H., et al. (2023) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2023.105609 · Cited by 14
Modulation of Heat Shock Factor 1 Activity through Silencing of Ser303/Ser307 Phosphorylation Supports a Metabolic Program Leading to Age-Related Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Jin, X., Qiao, A., Moskophidis, D., & Mivechi, N. F. (2018) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00095-18 · Cited by 18
“HSF1 consists of several functional domains, including the N-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain, the heptad repeat enriched oligomerization domain, the regulatory domain, and the C-terminal transactivation domain (9, 10).”
Background
Perinatal Infection: A Major Contributor to Efficacy of Cooling in Newborns Following Birth Asphyxia
Danladi, J., & Sabir, H. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22020707 · Cited by 14
Isolation of two new genes encoding heat shock protein 70 in Bemisia tabaci and analysis during thermal stress
Bai, J., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.186 · Cited by 14
Robust Heat Shock Response in Chlamydia Lacking a Typical Heat Shock Sigma Factor
Huang, Y.-H., Wurihan, W., Lü, B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.812448 · Cited by 14
“Among these, sudden temperature increase is the most widely used model for studying the impact of stress (for reviews see Yura et al., 1993; Wu, 1995; Hecker et al., 1996; Roncarati and Scarlato, 2017).”
BackgroundInfluential
Deletion analysis of the promoter of Aspergillus oryzae gene encoding heat shock protein 30
Matsushita, M., Tada, S., Suzuki, S., Kusumoto, K.-I., & Kashiwagi, Y. (2009) · Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering · doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2008.11.024 · Cited by 14
Aberrant regulation and modification of heat shock factor 1 in senescent human diploid fibroblasts
Lee, Y., Liu, D. J., Lu, J., Chen, K. Y., & Liu, A. Y. ‐. (2008) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.21997 · Cited by 14
“As HSF1 is identified as the transcription factor that mediates the heat shock response in higher eukaryotic cells [Morimoto, 1998; Wu, 1995], and as the decrease in induction of HSPs in senescent cells is correlated with a decrease in the activation of HSF1 [Choi et al.”
Knocking down gene function with an RNA aptamer expressed as part of an intron
Wang, S., Zhao, X., Suran, R., Vogt, V. M., Lis, J. T., & Shi, H. (2010) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkq529 · Cited by 14
Systemic and local effects of long-term exposure to alkaline drinking water in rats.
Merne, M., Syrjänen, K. J., & Syrjänen, S. (2001) · PubMed · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2613.2001.iep0082-0213-x · Cited by 14
Development of Convenient System for Detecting Yeast Cell Stress, Including That of Amyloid Beta
Luu, Y. N., & Macreadie, I. G. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19072136 · Cited by 14
“The HSR is mediated by activity of heat response factors (HRFs) that bind to a 5 bp heat shock element (HSE) in the promotor regions of heat shock genes to initiate transcription [4,10,11].”
Background
Comparative acetylomic analysis reveals differentially acetylated proteins regulating anther and pollen development in kenaf cytoplasmic male sterility line
Chen, P., Wei, F., Li, R., Li, Z., Kashif, M. H., & Zhou, R. (2018) · Physiologia Plantarum · doi:10.1111/ppl.12850 · Cited by 14
Transcriptional regulation of small heat shock protein genes by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in Liriomyza trifolii under heat stress
Chang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., et al. (2021) · Cell Stress and Chaperones · doi:10.1007/s12192-021-01224-2 · Cited by 14
“Within the typical four-membered HSF family, HSF1 is regarded as the master regulator (Wu 1995; Åkerfelt et al.”
Background
Effect of dietary manganese on antioxidant status and expressions of heat shock proteins and factors in tissues of laying broiler breeders under normal and high environmental temperatures
Zhu, Y., Lü, L., Li, W.-X., et al. (2016) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114516003822 · Cited by 14
“Some reports have confirmed that the expressions of HSP are regulated mainly at the level of transcription by HSF((36,37)).”
Retracted
Basal behavioral characterization of hsf1 deficient mice and its cellular and behavioral abnormalities underlying chronic unpredictable stressors
Zhu, X., Cheng, M., Peng, M., et al. (2008) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.05.024 · Cited by 14
Transcription factor cooperativity with heat shock factor 1
Hayashida, N., Fujimoto, M., & Nakai, A. (2011) · Transcription · doi:10.4161/trns.2.2.14962 · Cited by 14
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome following burns is mediated by brain natriuretic peptide/natriuretic peptide A receptor‐induced shock factor 1 signaling pathway
Xu, Y., Luo, C., & Li, X. (2016) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12620 · Cited by 14
Purification of heat shock transcription factor of Drosophila
Zhong, M., Wiśniewski, J., Fritsch, M. K., et al. (1996) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(96)74011-9 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
The Trimerization Domain of Human Heat Shock Factor 2 Is Able to Interact with Nucleoporin p62
Yoshima, T., Yura, T., & Yanagi, H. (1997) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7662 · Cited by 14
Regulation of Prostaglandin A1-induced Heat Shock Protein Expression in Isolated Cardiomyocytes
Cornelussen, R. N., Gupta, S., & Knowlton, A. A. (2001) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1006/jmcc.2001.1406 · Cited by 14
Intracellular trafficking of heat shock factor 2
Goff, P. L., Dréan, Y. L., Péron, C. L., Jossic-Corcos, C. L., Ainouche, A., & Michel, D. (2004) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.11.031 · Cited by 14
Heat shock protein-based therapeutic strategies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
BRENNER, B. G., & Wainberg, M. A. (1999) · Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-0997(1999)7:1/2 · Cited by 17
Evolution of the Response to Heat Shock in Genus Drosophila
Garbuz, D. G., Molodtsov, V. B., Velikodvorskaia, V. V., et al. (2002) · Russian Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1023/a:1016887812169 · Cited by 14
“Apparently, this insertion inactivated two out of four HSEs, which substantially decreased the activity of the promoter and caused the observed decrease in HSP70 expression.”
BackgroundInfluential
Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs): Structure, Function and Genetics
Pirkkala, L., & Sistonen, L. (2006) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1038/npg.els.0006130 · Cited by 15
Molecular Chaperone: Structure, Function, and Role in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance
Trivedi, D. K., Huda, K. M. K., Gill, S. S., & Tuteja, N. (2016) · doi:10.1002/9783527694570.ch7 · Cited by 14
Atypical heat shock transcription factor HSF5 is critical for male meiotic prophase under non-stress conditions
Yoshimura, S., Shimada, R., Kikuchi, K., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-47601-0 · Cited by 13
Bis is Induced by Oxidative StressviaActivation of HSF1
Yoo, H. J., Im, C., Youn, D., Yun, H. H., & Lee, J. H. (2014) · Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.5.403 · Cited by 13
“It has been reported that three putative HSEs are present in the promoter of the Bis gene [22,31].”
M-BISON: Microarray-based integration of data sources using networks
Daigle, B. J., & Altman, R. B. (2008) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-214 · Cited by 13
“The collection of motifs is likewise relevant, because Hsf1p recognizes its targets through a conserved upstream motif [27].”
Background
Characterisation of hookworm heat shock factor binding protein (HSB-1) during heat shock and larval activation
Krepp, J. M., Gelmedin, V., & Hawdon, J. M. (2010) · International Journal for Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.12.001 · Cited by 13
“HSFs are a group of highly conserved transcription factors that have been described in a wide array of eukaryotic species (Wu, 1995; Santoro, 2000; Hahn et al., Int J Parasitol.”
Tomato LrgB regulates heat tolerance and the assimilation and partitioning of carbon
Zhang, S., Ai, G., Li, M., Ye, Z., & Zhang, J. (2018) · Plant Science · doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.06.001 · Cited by 13
Heat shock protein 90 inhibition and multi‐target approach to maximize cardioprotection in ischaemic injury
Sarkissian, S. D., Aceros, H., Williams, P., Scalabrini, C., Borie, M., & Noiseux, N. (2020) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.15075 · Cited by 14
“The heat shock response (HSR) is an evolutionarily conserved protective mechanism involving HSPs, which are stimulated by a range of stressors including heat and oxidation (Benjamin & McMillan, 1998).”
BackgroundInfluential
Small Heat Shock Protein Responses of a Closely Related Pair of Desert and CoastalEncelia
Knight, C. A., & Ackerly, D. D. (2003) · International Journal of Plant Sciences · doi:10.1086/344554 · Cited by 13
“HSFs then bind to the promoting elements of Hsp genes (often after forming trimers with other HSFs), leading to increased heat shock protein (Hsp) expression.”
Background
Spikelet fertility and heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) gene responses to heat stress in tolerant and susceptible rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
Malumpong, C., Cheabu, S., Mongkolsiriwatana, C., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Agricultural Science · doi:10.1017/s002185961900056x · Cited by 13
Deciphering the transcriptomic regulation of heat stress responses in Nothofagus pumilio
Estravis-Barcala, M., Heer, K., Marchelli, P., Ziegenhagen, B., Arana, M. V., & Bellora, N. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246615 · Cited by 12
“Transcription Factors (TFs) are known to play important roles in the transcriptional regulation of stress responses, and their involvement in many biotic and abiotic stresses across plant species has been extensively reviewed [60, 79, 80].”
Background
Expression of K6W-ubiquitin in lens epithelial cells leads to upregulation of a broad spectrum of molecular chaperones.
Bian, Q., Fernandes, A. F., Taylor, A., Wu, M., Pereira, P., & Shang, F. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 13
Temporal variations of Hsp60 and HSF-1 in primary rat myocardial cells in vitro under heat stress
Buriro, R., Lv, Y., Ali, I., Tang, S., Liu, Z. J., Zhang, M., Adem, A., Hartung, J., & Bao, E. (2013) · Genetics and Molecular Research · doi:10.4238/2013.august.20.2 · Cited by 13
“tion of Hsps is a key component of the heat shock response, and this upregulation is induced primarily by heat shock factor (HSF) (Wu, 1995).”
Background
Wheat: Mechanisms and Genetic Means for Improving Heat Tolerance
Singh, K., Chugh, V., Sahi, G. K., & Chhuneja, P. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9783527632930.ch29 · Cited by 13
Protein-DNA Interactions
Pandey, P., Hasnain, S., & Ahmad, S. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.20217-3 · Cited by 13
Enhancing viability and angiogenic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells via HSP90 α and HSP27 regulation based on ROS stimulation for wound healing
Seo, I., Kim, S., Hyun, J., Kim, Y., Park, H. S., Yoon, J., & Bhang, S. H. (2023) · Bioengineering & Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/btm2.10560 · Cited by 12
“In response to ROS stimulation by light, HSPs are known to be rapidly synthesized and accumulated in cells by heat shock factors 1 (HSF1).(38,39,44,95) HSP90α and HSP27 expression can be strongly induced in this process.”
Background
Potential therapies for HCC involving targeting the ferroptosis pathway
Li, D. (2024) · American Journal of Cancer Research · doi:10.62347/sigp9279 · Cited by 16
General Analysis of Heat Shock Factors in the Cymbidium ensifolium Genome Provided Insights into Their Evolution and Special Roles with Response to Temperature
Zheng, R., Chen, J., Peng, Y., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25021002 · Cited by 12
“They also enable binding to HSP promoters [18].”
Background
La respuesta a estrés en la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Folch‐Mallol, J. L., Garay‐Arroyo, A., Lledı́as, F., et al. (2004) · Revista latinoamericana de microbiología · Cited by 12
Gene expression responses to thermal shifts in the endangered lichen Lobaria pulmonaria
Pizarro, T. C., Resl, P., Janjic, A., & Werth, S. (2021) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/mec.16281 · Cited by 12
“…a_ S_ 25 A1 0− 02 c_ R_ 25 A1 3− 01 a_ K_ 25 W 20 2− 30 a_ R_ 25 A1 0− 02 c_ S_ 25 W 98 −1 00 b_ K_ 25 A1 3− 22 a_ R_ 25 W 20 2− 02 a_ S_ 25 A1 0− 02 c_ K_ 25 A1 3− 22 a_ S_ 25 W 20 2− 02 a_ T_ 25 where increased temperatures lead to suppressed immunity to pathogens, as higher temperature shifts…”
Background
Stress Responses During Ageing: Molecular Pathways Regulating Protein Homeostasis
Kyriakakis, E., Princz, A., & Tavernarakis, N. (2015) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2522-3_16 · Cited by 11
Expression levels of hsc70 and hsp60 are developmentally regulated during B‐cell maturation and not associated to childhood c‐ALL at presentation or relapse
Wehner, P. S., Nielsen, B., & Hokland, M. (2003) · European Journal Of Haematology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0609.2003.00107.x · Cited by 12
Cell-specific expression of heat shock transcription factors 1 and 2 in unstressed rat spinal cord
Stacchiotti, A., Rezzani, R., Rodella, L. F., et al. (1999) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00394-8 · Cited by 12
Carboxy‐terminal region of the yeast heat shock factor contains two domains that make transcription independent of the TFIIH protein kinase
Sakurai, H., Hashikawa, N., Imazu, H., & Fukasawa, T. (2003) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1046/j.1356-9597.2003.00689.x · Cited by 12
“Activation function of both domains is suppressed at the normal temperature, which is relieved by heat shock (Sorger 1990; Neito-Sotelo et al . 1990; Jakobsen & Pelham 1991; Bonner et al . 1992; Wu 1995).”
Background
The Hsp110 and Grp170 stress proteins: newly recognized relatives of the Hsp70s
Easton, D. P., Kaneko, Y., & Subjeck, J. R. (2000) · Cell Stress and Chaperones · doi:10.1379/1466-1268(2000)005 · Cited by 328
Deciphering Heat Stress Mechanisms and Developing Mitigation Strategies in Dairy Cattle: A Multi-Omics Perspective
Xiong, Z., Li, L., Ouyang, K., Qu, M., & Qiu, Q. (2025) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture15141477 · Cited by 17
Transcriptomic analysis of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) provides novel insights into the molecular basis of cold acclimation
Brown, J. M., Weldt, C. E., Holloway, H. M. P., Tuong, T. D., Patton, A. J., DaCosta, M., Livingston, D. P., Yu, X., & Milla‐Lewis, S. R. (2023) · Grass Research · doi:10.48130/gr-2023-0025 · Cited by 12
Natural Diversity of Heat-Induced Transcription of Retrotransposons in Arabidopsis thaliana
Xu, W., Thieme, M., & Roulin, A. C. (2024) · Genome Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/gbe/evae242 · Cited by 11
“This research provides new insights into how TEs contribute to natural genetic diversity and potentially to plant adaptation under environmental stress.”
Heat and Oxidative Stress in the Germ Line
Shiraishi, K. (2012) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-776-7_8 · Cited by 11
HSP70-mediated control of endothelial cell apoptosis during pre-eclampsia
Padmini, E., & Lavanya, S. (2011) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.01.026 · Cited by 11
Classification of variability forms based on phenotype determining factors: Traditional views and their revision
Tikhodeyev, O. N. (2013) · Ecological genetics · doi:10.17816/ecogen11379-92 · Cited by 12
SNIP1: a new activator of HSE signaling pathway
Li, Q., An, J., Liu, X.-H., et al. (2011) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-011-1120-y · Cited by 11
Cell-type-dependent access of HSF1 and HSF4 to αB-crystallin promoter during heat shock
Jing, Z., Gangalum, R. K., Lee, J. Z., et al. (2012) · Cell Stress and Chaperones · doi:10.1007/s12192-012-0386-7 · Cited by 11
“This has led to in vitro binding studies on the characteristics of the HSEs and their relationship to binding efficiency of the HSF in question (Yamamoto et al. 2009).”
Influential
Transcriptional and post‐translational regulation of neutral trehalase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe during thermal stress
Paredes, V., Franco, A., Madrid, M., et al. (2004) · Yeast · doi:10.1002/yea.1128 · Cited by 11
“In eukaryotic cells this response involves the activation of the essential transcription factor named heat shock factor (HSF; Wu, 1995).”
Background
Global Proteomics of the Extremophile Black Fungus Cryomyces antarcticus Using 2D-Electrophoresis
Zakharova, K., Sterflinger, K., Razzazi‐Fazeli, E., Nöbauer, K., & Marzban, G. (2014) · Natural Science · doi:10.4236/ns.2014.612090 · Cited by 11
“This increase in expression is regulated normally by gene transcription [23].”
Background
Redefining proteostasis transcription factors in organismal stress responses, development, metabolism, and health
Jones, L., Chen, Y., & van Oosten‐Hawle, P. (2020) · Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1515/hsz-2019-0385 · Cited by 13
Identification of Heat-Responsive Genes in Guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub]
Alshameri, A. M., Al‐Qurainy, F., Gaafar, A.-R. Z., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Genomics · doi:10.1155/2020/3126592 · Cited by 11
“They maintain proper protein folding within the cell and assist in the folding of nascent polypeptide chains and are also involved in the refolding of denatured proteins following proteotoxic stress [53].”
Background
Systemic and local effects of long‐term exposure to alkaline drinking water in rats
Merne, M. E. T., Syrjänen, K. J., & Syrjänen, S. (2001) · International Journal of Experimental Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2613.2001.iep188.x · Cited by 11
“Short periods (2±10min) of alkaline exposure (pH from 8.5 to 10) by the addition of NaOH in the cell culture medium have been shown to have a mitogenic effect on mouse embryo fibroblasts without any signs of toxic effects (Zetterberg & EngstroÈm 1981; Zetterberg et al. 1982).”
BackgroundInfluential
Evidence That Partial Unwrapping of DNA from Nucleosomes Facilitates the Binding of Heat Shock Factor following DNA Replication in Yeast
Geraghty, D. S., Sucic, H. B., Chen, J., et al. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.32.20463 · Cited by 11
Reperfusion but Not Acute Ischemia in Pig Small Intestine Induces Transcriptionally Mediated Heat Shock Response in situ
Oksala, N., Kaarniranta, K., Tenhunen, J. J., Tiihonen, R., Heino, A., Sistonen, L., Paimela, H., & ALHAVA, E. M. (2002) · European Surgical Research · doi:10.1159/000065708 · Cited by 11
Regulated nuclear targeting
Nagatani, A. (1998) · Current Opinion in Plant Biology · doi:10.1016/s1369-5266(98)80037-x · Cited by 11
Molecular Response of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Heat
Anantanawat, K., Papanicolaou, A., Hill, K., & Xu, W. (2020) · Journal of Economic Entomology · doi:10.1093/jee/toaa147 · Cited by 10
“The dramatic changes of the expression levels of HSPs is a key part of organisms’ response to heat stress (Wu 1995).”
Background
CUL-6/cullin ubiquitin ligase-mediated degradation of HSP-90 by intestinal lysosomes promotes thermotolerance
Sarmiento, M. B., Gang, S. S., van Oosten‐Hawle, P., & Troemel, E. R. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114279 · Cited by 10
The Heat Shock Response Is Modulated by and Interferes with Toxic Effects of Scrapie Prion Protein and Amyloid β
Resenberger, U. K., Müller, V., Munter, L. M., Baier, M., Multhaup, G., Wilson, M. R., Winklhofer, K. F., & Tatzelt, J. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.389007 · Cited by 9
Elevated Levels of HSF1 Indicate a Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer
Calderwood, S. K. (2012) · Future Oncology · doi:10.2217/fon.12.21 · Cited by 10
Consequences of HSF knockdown on gene expression during the heat shock response in Tigriopus californicus
Harada, A. E., & Burton, R. S. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.208611 · Cited by 10
“Differentially expressed genes involved in the heat shock response are often regulated by a highly conserved heat shock transcription factor-1 (HSF-1) (Wu, 1995; Morimoto, 1998; Westerheide et al., 2012).”
Background
Regulation Between HSF1 Isoforms and HSPs Contributes to the Variation in Thermal Tolerance Between Two Oyster Congeners
Liu, Y., Li, L., Qi, H., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.581725 · Cited by 10
“A previous study showed that HSPs are regulated by HSF1 (Wu, 1995).”
Gut myoelectrical activity induces heat shock response in Escherichia coli and Caco‐2 cells
Laubitz, D., Jankowska, A., Sikora, A., Woliński, J., Zabielski, R., & Grzesiuk, E. (2006) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2006.033365 · Cited by 10
“The first pathway is similar to that of heat shock, but involves a different domain binding Hsf1 in the region of the Hsp70 gene promoter.”
BackgroundInfluential
Genes involved in spermatogenesis
Ge, S. (2008) · Hereditas (Beijing) · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1005.2008.00003 · Cited by 10
Spontaneous fracture of the navicular bone in the horse.
Arnbjerg, J. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 10
Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the mouse Hsf2 gene and promoter sequences
Manuel, M. N., Sage, J., Mattéi, M., et al. (1999) · Gene · doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00092-x · Cited by 10
Climate change-induced stress in the honey bee Apis mellifera L.- a genetic review
Sagastume, S., Cilia, G., Henriques, D., Yadró, C., Corona, M., Higes, M., Pinto, M. A., Nanetti, A., & Martín‐Hernández, R. (2025) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2025.1623705 · Cited by 11
“Therefore, the HSF family is considered a transcriptional activator of all significant Hsp genes, and it is required in the regulation of various environmental stresses [reviewed by Zhang et al. (2011), Wu (1995), Zou et al. (1998)].”
The potential role of ferroptosis in the physiopathology of deep tissue injuries
Han, L., Pei, J., Tao, H., Guo, X., Wei, Y., Yang, Z., & Zhang, H. (2023) · International Wound Journal · doi:10.1111/iwj.14466 · Cited by 7
“103 It has been demonstrated that overexpression of HSPB1 can inhibit erastin-induced ferroptosis in cancer cells and that this process was dependent on HSF1, 104 underscoring the key role of HF1-HSPB1 in inhibiting ferroptosis.”
Background
Heat Shock Causes Lower Plasmodium Infection Rates in Anopheles albimanus
Condé, R., Hernandez-Torres, E., Claudio-Piedras, F., Recio-Tótoro, B., Maya-Maldonado, K., Cardoso-Jaime, V., & Lanz‐Mendoza, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.584660 · Cited by 9
Alpha-helix 1 in the DNA-binding domain of heat shock factor 1 regulates its heat-induced trimerization and DNA-binding
Lu, M., Sohn, K.-J., Kim, S.-W., et al. (2009) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.05.109 · Cited by 9
PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: Heat shock proteins: Potentially powerful markers for preimplantation embryonic development and fertility in livestock species1,2
Driver, A. M., & Khatib, H. (2012) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/jas.2012-5928 · Cited by 9
The regulation and function of the heat shock response
Guisbert, E., & Morimoto, R. I. (2012) · Research and perspectives in Alzheimer's disease · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27928-7_1 · Cited by 10
Expression Dynamics of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) in Livestock under Thermal Stress
Dangi, S. S., Bharati, J., Samad, H. A., Bhure, S. K., Singh, G., Maurya, V. P., Sarkar, M., & Kumar, P. (2017) · Heat shock proteins · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73377-7_2 · Cited by 9
The protein modifier SUMO is critical for integrity of the Arabidopsis shoot apex at warm ambient temperatures
Hammoudi, V., Beerens, B., Jonker, M. J., et al. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/erab262 · Cited by 9
TheAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae)hsp83Gene Promoter Drives Strong Ubiquitous DsRed and ZsGreen Marker Expression in Transgenic Mosquitoes
Webster, S. H., & Scott, M. J. (2021) · Journal of Medical Entomology · doi:10.1093/jme/tjab128 · Cited by 9
“…marker, transgenic mosquito, constitutive promoter Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a family of highly conserved proteins that assist as chaperones in maintaining the biologically active conformation of proteins whose structure has been disrupted by heat or other stressors (Wu 1995, Taipale et al.”
Background
Regulatory Mechanism of Transcription Factor AhHsf Modulates AhHsp70 Transcriptional Expression Enhancing Heat Tolerance in Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Jin, J., Liu, Y., Liang, X., Pei, Y., Wan, F., & Guo, J. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23063210 · Cited by 8
Reduced nuclear protein 1 expression improves insulin sensitivity and protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance through up-regulation of heat shock protein 70
Barbosa, H. C. L., Drynda, R., Liu, B., de Ledesma, A. M. R., Malicet, C., Iovanna, J., Jones, P. M., Muller, D. S., & Persaud, S. J. (2015) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.013 · Cited by 9
“There is increasing evidence that the induction of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), the major inducible molecular chaperone [7,8], is linked to improved sensitivity in high-fat diet-fed mice [9].”
Background
Functional Analysis of Drosophila HSP70 Promoter with Different HSE Numbers in Human Cells
Kust, N., Rybalkina, E. Y., Мерцалов, И. Б., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101994 · Cited by 9
“At the same time, the human heat shock promoter contains 1 to 3 HSEs [24,25,26].”
Background
Combinatorial Interactions of Two cis-Acting Elements, AT-Rich Regions and HSEs, in the Expression of Tomato Lehsp23.8 upon Heat and Non-Heat Stresses
Yi, S., & Liu, J. (2009) · Journal of Plant Biology · doi:10.1007/s12374-009-9072-4 · Cited by 9
“Because expression of heat shock genes is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level (Wu 1995), it is important to unravel the cis elements within the promoter region that regulate specific expression.”
BackgroundInfluential
Endogenous Extracellular Hsp72 Release Is an Adaptive Feature of the Acute Stress Response
Fleshner, M., Sharkey, C. M., Nickerson, M., & JOHNSON, J. D. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012088576-3/50055-1 · Cited by 9
Peroxisome targeting of porcine 17?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type IV/D-specific multifunctional protein 2 is mediated by its C-terminal tripeptide AKI
M�ller, G. A., L�ders, J., Markus, M., Husen, B., Veldhoven, P. P. V., & Adamski, J. (1999) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(19990401)73:1 · Cited by 24
Multi-Omics Technologies Applied to Improve Tick Research
Rodríguez-Durán, A., Andrade-Silva, V., Numan, M., et al. (2025) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms13040795 · Cited by 8
“In the case of I. ricinus , migratory birds enable the flow of genes through the European population and introduce new variants into the existing diversity [152].”
Suboptimal codon pairs trigger ribosome collisions and cellular quality control responses in tRNA modification mutants
Wu, J., Eggers, C., Sin, O., Koziej, L., Mancilla, H., Mollet, F., Schöler, H. R., Drexler, H. C. A., Ranff, T., Fufezan, C., et al. (2025) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1311 · Cited by 8
“Heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) is a key player that integrates the cellular response to numerous physiological stresses [ 86 ].”
Heat Therapy: Targeting Health, Disease, and Disability
Richey, R. E., Hyldahl, R. D., Kaiser, B. W., Geiger, P. C., Halliwill, J. R., & Minson, C. T. (2026) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cph4.70089 · Cited by 11

Authors: Wu, C.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Wu, Carl
ORCID: Wu, Carl
Venue: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 1995-11
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: 441-469
ISSN: 1081-0706 (ISSN-L)
1530-8995
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.002301
OpenAlex: W2145760315
Cited by: 1,231
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 57
FWCI: 11.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords: heat shock transcription factor, heat shock proteins, heat shock gene expression, DNA binding, transcriptional activation
MeSH terms: Heat Shock Transcription Factors, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Bacteria, Binding Sites, Cloning, Molecular, DNA-Binding Proteins, Heat-Shock Proteins, Humans, Models, Structural, Molecular Sequence Data, Transcription Factors, Conserved Sequence, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Protein Structure, Secondary, Helix-Turn-Helix Motifs

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Heat Shock Transcription Factors: Structure and Regulation

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks