Bacterial contingency loci: the role of simple sequence DNA repeats in bacterial adaptation
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens face stringent challenges to their survival because of the many unpredictable, often precipitate, and dynamic changes that occur in the host environment or in the process of transmission from one host to another. Bacterial adaptation to their hosts involves either a mechanism for sensing and responding to external changes or the selection of variants that arise through mutation. Here we review how bacterial pathogens exploit localized hypermutation, through polymerase slippage of simple sequence repeats (SSRs), to generate phenotypic variation and enhanced fitness. These SSRs are located within the reading frame or in the promoter of a subset of genes, often termed contingency loci, whose functions are usually involved in direct interactions with host structures.
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This may indicate that eukaryotes may harbor contingency loci featuring homopolymer runs, like those observed in bacteria.
“This may indicate that eukaryotes may harbor contingency loci featuring homopolymer runs, like those observed in bacteria (Moxon et al., 2006).”
From Natural mismatch repair mutations mediate phenotypic diversity and drug resistance in Cryptococcus deuterogattii (2017) · cites this paper as Moxon et al., 2006
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Ryall, B., Eydallin, G., & Ferenci, T. (2012) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.05028-11 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
The Genetics of <i>Neisseria</i> Species
Rotman, E., & Seifert, H. S. (2014) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092007 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Billmyre, R. B., Clancey, S. A., & Heitman, J. (2017) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.28802 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Heuer, H., Abdo, Z., & Smalla, K. (2008) · FEMS Microbiology Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00539.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
- Authors
- Moxon, R., Bayliss, C., & Hood, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Oxford University Department of Paediatrics, Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford, United Kingdom;
- ORCID
- Hood, Derek
- Venue
- Annual Review of Genetics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2006-12-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 307-333
- ISSN
- 0066-4197 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2948
- OpenAlex
- W2163255170
- Cited by
- 438
- References
- 108
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 1.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Keywords
- microsatellite markers, bacterial adaptation, hypermutation, polymerase slippage, pathogenic bacteria, host-pathogen interaction, phenotypic variability, promoter
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Base Sequence, DNA, Bacterial, Genes, Bacterial, Haemophilus influenzae, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Phenotype, Genetic Variation, Open Reading Frames, Microsatellite Repeats
About these checks
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