Simulation and Optimization of the Dual Lithium Ion Insertion Cell
Open accessAbstract
The galvanostatic charge and discharge of a dual lithium ion insertion (rocking‐chair) cell are modeled. Transport in the electrolyte is described with concentrated solution theory. Insertion of lithium into and out of the active electrode material is simulated using superposition, greatly simplifying the numerical calculations. Simulation results are presented for the cell, and these results are compared with experimental data from the literature. Criteria are established to assess the importance of diffusion in the solid matrix and of transport in the electrolytic solution. Various procedures to optimize the utilization of active material are considered. Simulation results for the dual lithium ion insertion cell are compared with those for a cell with a solid lithium negative electrode.
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A link was found between performance decline and decreasing diffusion coefficient (Ds) over cycles.
“A link was found between performance decline and decreasing difusion coefcient (Ds) over cycles.”
From Artificial Intelligence Approaches for SOH Estimation in Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review of Progress, Critical Evaluations, Challenges, and Toward Future Outlooks (2025) · cites this paper as [93]
The modeling section assumes a constant diffusion coefficient, and the Summary says its simulated performance values do not account for losses due to extended cycling. A search for declining diffusion coefficients and cycling-related performance loss found no passage reporting the claimed link. The paper discusses diffusion limits during discharge, not a decrease in Ds over successive cycles. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredCharge transfer was restricted after 500 cycles once the Ds fell by 40%.
“As a practical outcome, charge transfer was restricted after 500 cycles once the Ds fell by 40%.”
From Artificial Intelligence Approaches for SOH Estimation in Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review of Progress, Critical Evaluations, Challenges, and Toward Future Outlooks (2025) · cites this paper as [93]
The Abstract mentions 500–1000 cycles only as a desired battery lifetime, not as a reported outcome. The charge-transfer discussion describes model assumptions, while the Liy section’s 40% figure refers to an increase in initial electrolyte concentration. Searches for a 40% fall in Ds and restricted charge transfer after 500 cycles found no passage reporting that result. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Research works printed but not linked: 22
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“Te study [93] investigated the lithium restrictions in NMC electrodes utilizing Fickian difusion models.”
- Authors
- Fuller, T. F., Doyle, M., & Newman, J.
- Affiliations
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society
- Publisher
- The Electrochemical Society
- Published
- 1994-01-01
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-10
- ISSN
- 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7111
- OpenAlex
- W2169518199
- Cited by
- 2,057
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 132 · 2025: 189 · 2024: 154 · 2023: 151 · 2022: 139 · 2021: 152 · 2020: 124 · 2019: 118 · 2018: 95 · 2017: 89 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 77 · 2014: 89 · 2013: 99 · 2012: 79
- FWCI
- 6.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC03-?, AC03-76SF00098, DEAC03-76SF00098)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Keywords
- concentrated solution theory, electrolyte transport, superposition method, active material utilization, electrode optimization, lithium-ion battery modeling
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