Cited by 437Advancements in Battery MaterialsAdvanced Battery Technologies ResearchAdvanced Battery Materials and Technologies

Factors Limiting Li+Charge Transfer Kinetics in Li-Ion Batteries

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Jow, T. Richard, Delp, Samuel A., Allen, Jan L., Jones, John-Paul, Smart, Marshall C.·2018·Journal of The Electrochemical Society

Abstract

Understanding the factors limiting Li + charge transfer kinetics in Li-ion batteries is essential in improving the rate performance, especially at lower temperatures. The Li + charge transfer process involved in the lithium intercalation of graphite anode includes the step of de-solvation of the solvated Li + in the liquid electrolyte and the step of transport of Li + in the preformed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on electrodes until the Li + accepts an electron at the electrode and becomes a Li in the electrode. Whether the de-solvation process or the Li + transport through the SEI is a limiting step depends on the nature of the interphases at the electrode and electrolyte interfaces. Several examples involving the electrode materials such as graphite, lithium titanate (LTO), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) and solid Li + conductor such as lithium lanthanum titanate or Li-Al-Ti-phosphate are reviewed and discussed to clarify the conditions at which either the de-solvation or the transport of Li + in SEI is dominating and how the electrolyte components affect the activation energy of Li + charge transfer kinetics. How the electrolyte additives impact the Li + charge transfer kinetics at both the anode and the cathode has been examined at the same time in 3-electrode full cells. The resulting impact on Li + charge transfer resistance, R ct , and activation energy, E a , at both electrodes are reported and discussed.

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  • Desolvation is dominant when the solid electrolyte interphase is less pronounced, such as on Li4Ti5O12, or when the interphase is highly conductive.

    “It is well established that desolvation is dominant when the SEI is less pronounced (i.e., on Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) or the interphase is highly conductive [11,13].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. J.-P. Jones, M. C. Smart, F. C. Krause, B. V. Ratnakumar, and E. J. Brandon, ECS Trans., 75, 1 (2017). · DOI
  2. O. Borodin, in Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries, T. R. Jow, K. Xu, O. Borodin, and M. Ue, Editors, p. 371, Springer Series: Modern Aspects of Electro- chemistry, Vol. 58 (2014).

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Authors
Jow, T. R., Delp, S. A., Allen, J. L., Jones, J.-P., & Smart, M. C.
Affiliations
  • DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory (US)
  • Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US)
Venue
Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Published
2018
Volume
165
Issue
2
Pages
A361-A367
ISSN
  • 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7111
OpenAlex
W2792697810
Cited by
437
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 43 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 4
FWCI
12.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • DOD | U.S. Army | AMC | U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL)
  • NASA | Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
Keywords
lithium-ion batteries, rate capability, low-temperature performance, solid electrolyte interphase, lithium intercalation, graphite anode, lithium titanate, lithium iron phosphate, NCA cathode, solid electrolytes, electrolyte additives, charge transfer resistance, activation energy, electrode-electrolyte interface

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