Lithium-Ion Electrolytes Containing Ester Cosolvents for Improved Low Temperature Performance
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As part of our continuing efforts to develop advanced electrolytes to improve the performance of lithium-ion cells, especially at low temperatures, we have identified a number of electrolyte cosolvents that can be incorporated into multicomponent electrolyte formulations for enhanced performance, especially at very low temperatures (down to ). In the current work, we investigated a number of ester cosolvents, namely methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, propyl butyrate, and butyl butyrate, in multicomponent electrolytes of the following composition: in ethylene carbonate methyl [where cosolvent]. Emphasis was placed upon determining the effect of electrolyte type upon the low temperature performance in experimental meso-carbon microbeads– cells (equipped with reference electrodes) and characterizing their influence upon the lithium intercalation/deintercalation kinetics. These cells were subjected to electrical characterization (charge and discharge at different temperatures and rates) as well as electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization, and Tafel polarization measurements). These electrolytes have been optimized to provide good low temperature performance (down to ), while still offering reasonable high temperature resilience to produce the desired wide operating temperature systems . This has primarily been achieved by fixing the EC-content at 20% and the ester cosolvent at 20% in contrast to the previously developed systems.
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Esters with shorter alkyl chains have the advantage of better ionic conductivity for the bulk electrolyte but the disadvantage of forming more resistive and less protective solid electrolyte interphases compared with longer-chain counterparts.
“It was concluded that esters with shorter alkyl chains have the advantage in getting better ionic conductivity for the bulk electrolyte, but the disadvantage in forming more resistive and less protective SEIs as compared to longer chain counterparts.”
From Review on Low-Temperature Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion and Lithium Metal Batteries (2023) · cites this paper as [41]
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- Authors
- Smart, M. C., Ratnakumar, B. V., Chin, K. B., & Whitcanack, L. D.
- Affiliations
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society
- Publisher
- The Electrochemical Society
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- A1361
- ISSN
- 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2070213790
- Cited by
- 220
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- California Institute of Technology
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Keywords
- lithium-ion battery electrolytes, low-temperature performance, ethylene carbonate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, butyl butyrate, multicomponent electrolytes, lithium intercalation kinetics
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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