The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Key to High Performance Low Pt Loaded Electrodes
Open accessAbstract
The effect of ionomer distribution on the oxygen mass transport resistance, the proton resistivity of the cathode catalyst layer, and the H 2 /air fuel cell performance was investigated for catalysts with surface modified carbon supports. By introducing nitrogen containing surface groups, it was shown that the ionomer distribution in the cathodic electrode can be optimized to decrease mass transport related voltage losses at high current density. The in house prepared catalysts were fully characterized by TEM, TGA, elemental analysis, and XPS. Thin-film rotating disk electrode measurements showed that the carbon support modification did not affect the oxygen reduction activity of the catalysts, but exclusively affects the ionomer distribution in the electrode during electrode preparation. Limiting current measurements were used to determine the pressure independent oxygen transport resistance – primarily attributed to oxygen transport in the ionomer film – which decreases for catalysts with surface modified carbon support. Systematically lowering the ionomer to carbon ratio (I/C) from 0.65 to 0.25 revealed a maximum performance at I/C = 0.4, where an optimum between ionomer thickness and proton conductivity within the catalyst layer is obtained. From this work, it can be concluded that not only ionomer film thickness, but more importantly ionomer distribution is the key to high performance low Pt loaded electrodes.
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“One approach for achieving a homogenous distribution is by modifying the carbon support with N functional groups [186].”
From Recent Advances on PEM Fuel Cells: From Key Materials to Membrane Electrode Assembly (2023) · cites this paper as [186]
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Electrocatalysis in Alkaline Media and Alkaline Membrane-Based Energy Technologies
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Self-citationAdvancements in cathode catalyst and cathode layer design for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
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Metadata
- Authors
- Orfanidi, A., Madkikar, P., El-Sayed, H. A., Harzer, G. S., Kratky, T., & Gasteiger, H. A.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society
- Publisher
- The Electrochemical Society
- Published
- 2017
- Volume
- 164
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- F418-F426
- ISSN
- 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7111
- OpenAlex
- W2592493147
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Greenerity GmbH and German Federal Ministry of Economy (03ET2058C)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Keywords
- low platinum catalysts, oxygen reduction reaction, ionomer distribution, cathode catalyst layer, proton conductivity, nitrogen-doped carbon support, ionomer-to-carbon ratio, hydrogen-air fuel cells, voltage loss
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