The Priority and Challenge of High-Power Performance of Low-Platinum Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Kongkanand, Anusorn; Mathias, Mark F.

doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00216

Cited by 1,202Fuel Cells and Related MaterialsElectrocatalysts for Energy ConversionCatalytic Processes in Materials Science

The Priority and Challenge of High-Power Performance of Low-Platinum Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Kongkanand, Anusorn, Mathias, Mark F.·2016·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

DOI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00216

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Abstract

Substantial progress has been made in reducing proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode platinum loadings from 0.4-0.8 mgPt/cm(2) to about 0.1 mgPt/cm(2). However, at this level of cathode Pt loading, large performance loss is observed at high-current density (>1 A/cm(2)), preventing a reduction in the overall stack cost. This next developmental step is being limited by the presence of a resistance term exhibited at these lower Pt loadings and apparently due to a phenomenon at or near the catalyst surface. This issue can be addressed through the design of catalysts with high and stable Pt dispersion as well as through development and implementation of ionomers designed to interact with Pt in a way that does not constrain oxygen reduction reaction rates. Extrapolating from progress made in past decades, we are optimistic that the concerted efforts of materials and electrode designers can resolve this issue, thus enabling a large step toward fuel cell vehicles that are affordable for the mass market.

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At high current densities, limitations related to local oxygen transport are likely the problem for Pt20/NCS85.
“However, at high current densities, limitations related to local oxygen transport are likely the problem.42”
From Scalable nanoporous carbon films allow line-of-sight 3D atomic layer deposition of Pt: towards a new generation catalyst layer for PEM fuel cells. (2021) · cites this paper as [42]
The Recent Progress section says local oxygen-transport resistance is a major contributor to performance loss at high current density in low-Pt cathodes. It does not examine Pt20/NCS85, so it supports the proposed mechanism but not its application to that specific catalyst (searched: Pt20/NCS85). No page number was provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Authors: Kongkanand, A., & Mathias, M. F.
Affiliations: General Motors (United States) (US)
Corresponding author: Kongkanand, Anusorn
ORCID: Kongkanand, Anusorn
Mathias, Mark F.
Venue: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2016-03-11
Volume: 7
Issue: 7
Pages: 1127-1137
ISSN: 1948-7185 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00216
OpenAlex: W2296143349
Cited by: 1,202
References: 66
Citations by year: 2026: 85 · 2025: 95 · 2024: 123 · 2023: 142 · 2022: 137 · 2021: 181 · 2020: 146 · 2019: 128 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 15
FWCI: 45.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.osti.gov
Locations: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Fuel Cell Technologies Program (DE-EE0007271)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
Keywords: proton exchange membrane fuel cells, low platinum catalysts, platinum dispersion, oxygen reduction reaction, fuel cell vehicles

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The Priority and Challenge of High-Power Performance of Low-Platinum Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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