Cited by 276Fuel Cells and Related MaterialsElectrocatalysts for Energy ConversionAdvancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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The Key to High Performance Low Pt Loaded Electrodes

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Orfanidi, A., Madkikar, P., El-Sayed, H. A., Harzer, G. S., Kratky, T., Gasteiger, H. A.·2017·Journal of The Electrochemical Society

DOI 10.1149/2.1621704jes

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Abstract

The effect of ionomer distribution on the oxygen mass transport resistance, the proton resistivity of the cathode catalyst layer, and the H 2 /air fuel cell performance was investigated for catalysts with surface modified carbon supports. By introducing nitrogen containing surface groups, it was shown that the ionomer distribution in the cathodic electrode can be optimized to decrease mass transport related voltage losses at high current density. The in house prepared catalysts were fully characterized by TEM, TGA, elemental analysis, and XPS. Thin-film rotating disk electrode measurements showed that the carbon support modification did not affect the oxygen reduction activity of the catalysts, but exclusively affects the ionomer distribution in the electrode during electrode preparation. Limiting current measurements were used to determine the pressure independent oxygen transport resistance – primarily attributed to oxygen transport in the ionomer film – which decreases for catalysts with surface modified carbon support. Systematically lowering the ionomer to carbon ratio (I/C) from 0.65 to 0.25 revealed a maximum performance at I/C = 0.4, where an optimum between ionomer thickness and proton conductivity within the catalyst layer is obtained. From this work, it can be concluded that not only ionomer film thickness, but more importantly ionomer distribution is the key to high performance low Pt loaded electrodes.

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Authors: Orfanidi, A., Madkikar, P., El-Sayed, H. A., Harzer, G. S., Kratky, T., & Gasteiger, H. A.
Affiliations: Technical University of Munich (DE)
ORCID: Orfanidi, A.
Madkikar, P.
Harzer, G. S.
Kratky, T.
Gasteiger, H. A.
Venue: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Published: 2017
Volume: 164
Issue: 4
Pages: F418-F426
ISSN: 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
1945-7111
DOI: 10.1149/2.1621704jes
OpenAlex: W2592493147
Cited by: 276
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 4
FWCI: 7.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion, cc-by)
mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Greenerity GmbH and German Federal Ministry of Economy (03ET2058C)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Keywords: low platinum catalysts, oxygen reduction reaction, ionomer distribution, cathode catalyst layer, proton conductivity, nitrogen-doped carbon support, ionomer-to-carbon ratio, hydrogen-air fuel cells, voltage loss

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The Key to High Performance Low Pt Loaded Electrodes

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