Cited by 116Metabolism, Diabetes, and CancerGenetics and Physical PerformanceCardiovascular and exercise physiology

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Endurance training-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and gene expression

Teran-Garcia, Margarita, Rankinen, Tuomo, Koza, Robert A., Rao, D. C., Bouchard, Claude·2005·American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2004

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Abstract

The beneficial effects of regular physical activity on insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose tolerance are well documented, with considerable heterogeneity in responsiveness to exercise training (ET). To find novel candidate genes for ET-induced improvement in SI, we used microarray technology. Total RNA was isolated from vastus lateralis muscle before and after 20 wk of exercise from individuals participating in the HERITAGE Family Study. SI index was derived from a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test using MINMOD Millennium software. Sixteen subjects were selected: eight showing no changes in SI (low responders, LSIR) and eight displaying marked improvement in SI (high responders, HSIR) with ET. The SI increase was about four times greater in HSIR compared with LSIR (+3.6 +/- 0.5 vs. -1.2 +/- 0.5 microU.ml(-1).min(-1), mean +/- SE), whereas age, body mass index, percent body fat, and baseline SI were similar between the groups. Triplicate microarrays were performed, comparing pooled RNA with HSIR and LSIR individuals for differences in gene expression before and after ET using in situ-generated microarrays (18, 861 genes). Array data were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Almost twice as many genes showed at least twofold differences between HSIR and LSIR after training compared with pretraining. We identified differentially expressed genes involved in energy metabolism and signaling, novel structural genes, and transcripts of unknown function. Genes of interest upregulated in HSIR include V-Ski oncogene, four-and-a-half LIM domain 1, and titin. Further study of these novel candidate genes should provide a better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the improvement in insulin sensitivity in response to regular exercise.

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Authors: Teran-Garcia, M., Rankinen, T., Koza, R. A., Rao, D. C., & Bouchard, C.
Affiliations: Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Koza, Robert A.
Rao, D. C.
Bouchard, Claude
Venue: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Published: 2005-06
Volume: 288
Issue: 6
Pages: E1168-E1178
ISSN: 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
1522-1555
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2004
OpenAlex: W2123179027
Cited by: 116
References: 63
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 4.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 45670, R01HL045670)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK072476)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Physical Performance
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords: endurance training, insulin sensitivity, gene expression, vastus lateralis, glucose tolerance, energy metabolism, titin, candidate genes, HERITAGE Family Study
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Male, Physical Endurance, RNA, Muscle, Skeletal, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Biopsy, Fine-Needle

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Endurance training-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and gene expression

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