Skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance training in 60- to 70-yr-old men and women

Coggan, A. R.; Spina, R. J.; King, D. S.; Rogers, M. A.; Brown, M.; Nemeth, P. M.; Holloszy, J. O.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1992.72.5.1780

Cited by 457Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyMuscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and Training

Skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance training in 60- to 70-yr-old men and women

Coggan, A. R., Spina, R. J., King, D. S., Rogers, M. A., Brown, M., Nemeth, P. M., Holloszy, J. O.·1992·Journal of Applied Physiology

DOI 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.5.1780

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Abstract

Previous studies of endurance exercise training in older men and women generally have found only minimal skeletal muscle adaptations to training. To evaluate the possibility that this may have been due to an inadequate training stimulus, we studied 23 healthy older (64 +/- 3 yr) men and women before and after they had trained by walking/jogging at 80% of maximal heart rate for 45 min/day 4 days/wk for 9-12 mo. This training program resulted in a 23% increase in maximal O2 consumption. Needle biopsy samples of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle were obtained before and after training and analyzed for selected histochemical and enzymatic characteristics. The percentage of type I muscle fibers did not change with training. The percentage of type IIb fibers, however, decreased from 19.1 +/- 9.1 to 15.1 +/- 8.1% (P less than 0.001), whereas the percentage of type IIa fibers increased from 22.1 +/- 7.7 to 29.6 +/- 9.1% (P less than 0.05). Training also induced increases in the cross-sectional area of both type I (12%; P less than 0.001) and type IIa fibers (10%; P less than 0.05). Capillary density increased from 257 +/- 43 capillaries/mm2 before training to 310 +/- 48 capillaries/mm2 after training (P less than 0.001) because of increases in the capillary-to-fiber ratio and in the number of capillaries in contact with each fiber. Lactate dehydrogenase activity decreased by 21% (P less than 0.001), whereas the activities of the mitochondrial enzymes succinate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase increased by 24-55% in response to training (P less than 0.001-0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Authors: Coggan, A. R., Spina, R. J., King, D. S., Rogers, M. A., Brown, M., Nemeth, P. M., & Holloszy, J. O.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Coggan, A. R.
Venue: Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Published: 1992-05-01
Volume: 72
Issue: 5
Pages: 1780-1786
ISSN: 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
8750-7587
1522-1601
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.5.1780
OpenAlex: W2196373679
Cited by: 457
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 16.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (AG05562, AG 00078)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL07456)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords: endurance training, skeletal muscle adaptation, older adults, aging, muscle fiber composition, type IIA fibers, type IIb muscle fibers, fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, capillary-to-fiber ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial enzymes, citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase, beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, VO2max, walking and jogging, lateral gastrocnemius
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Physiological, Aged, Capillaries, Female, Glycolysis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Muscle, Muscles, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance

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Skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance training in 60- to 70-yr-old men and women

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