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Dietary carbohydrate and postexercise synthesis of proglycogen and macroglycogen in human skeletal muscle

Adamo, K. B., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Graham, T. E.·1998·American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.275.2.e229
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Abstract

This study examined the role of carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on the resynthesis of two pools of glycogen, proglycogen (PG) and macroglycogen (MG), in human skeletal muscle. Nine males completed an exhaustive glycogen depletion exercise bout at 70% maximal O 2 consumption on two occasions. Subsequent 48-h dietary interventions consisted of either high (HC, 75% of energy intake) or low (LC, 32% of energy intake) CHO diets. Muscle biopsies were taken at exhaustion (EXH) and 4, 24, and 48 h later. The total muscle glycogen (G t) at EXH for the HC and LC conditions was not significantly different, and the MG represented ∼12% of the G t. From EXH to 4 h, there was an increase in the PG only for HC and no change in MG in either diet ( P < 0.05). From 4 to 24 h, the concentration of PG increased in both conditions ( P < 0.05). Between 24 and 48 h, in HC the majority of the increase in G t was due to the MG pool ( P < 0.05). The MG and PG concentrations for HC were significantly greater than for LC at 24 and 48 h ( P < 0.05). At 48 h the MG represented 40% of the G t for the HC diet and only 21% for the LC diet. There was no change in the net rates of synthesis of PG or MG over 48 h for LC ( P < 0.05). The net rate of PG synthesis from 0 to 4 h for HC was 16 ± 1.68 mmol glucosyl units ⋅ kg dry wt−1 ⋅ h−1, which was threefold greater than for LC ( P < 0.05). The net rate of PG synthesis decreased significantly from 4 to 24 h for HC, whereas the net rate of MG synthesis was not different over 48 h but was significantly greater than in LC ( P< 0.05). The two pools are synthesized at very different rates; both are sensitive to CHO, and the supercompensation associated with HC is due to a greater synthesis in the MG pool.

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Crossref · 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.275.2.e229

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  • The amount of glycogenin has a direct influence on how much glycogen the muscle cell can store.

    “and demonstrate that the amount of glycogenin has a direct influence on how much glycogen the muscle cell can store.”

    From Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. (2017) · cites this paper as [1]

  • Proglycogen (PG) is more sensitive to dietary CHO and is synthesized more rapidly following exercise-induced glycogen depletion, reaching a plateau after 24 h.

    “It appears that PG is more sensitive to dietary CHO and is synthesized more rapidly following exercise-induced glycogen depletion, reaching a plateau after 24 h (1).”

    From Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. (2017) · cites this paper as [1]

  • The synthesis of macro-glycogen (MG) is a relatively slower process, persisting for 48 h post-exercise.

    “The synthesis of MG is a relatively slower process, persisting for 48 h post-exercise (1).”

    From Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. (2017) · cites this paper as [1]

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Authors
Adamo, K. B., Tarnopolsky, M. A., & Graham, T. E.
Affiliations
University of Guelph (CA)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
1998-08-01
Volume
275
Issue
2
Pages
E229-E234
ISSN
  • 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1555
DOI
10.1152/ajpendo.1998.275.2.e229
OpenAlex
W2261237508
Cited by
65
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI
1.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
dietary carbohydrates, glycogen resynthesis, skeletal muscle glycogen, glycogen supercompensation, high-carbohydrate diet, low-carbohydrate diet, post-exercise recovery
MeSH terms
Adult, Energy Intake, Dietary Carbohydrates, Physical Exertion, Glycogen, Humans, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Time Factors, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fatigue

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