Effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on ventricular function in dogs with healed myocardial infarctions: in vivo and in vitro studies
Open accessAbstract
Since omega–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) can alter ventricular myocyte calcium handling, these fatty acids could adversely affect cardiac contractile function, particularly following myocardial infarction. Therefore, 4 wk after myocardial infarction, dogs were randomly assigned to either placebo (corn oil, 1 g/day, n = 16) or n-3 PUFAs supplement [docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl esters; 1, 2, or 4 g/day; n = 7, 8, and 12, respectively] groups. In vivo, ventricular function was evaluated by echocardiography before and after 3 mo of treatment. At the end of the 3-mo period, hearts were removed and in vitro function was evaluated using right ventricular trabeculae and isolated left ventricular myocytes. The treatment elicited significant ( P < 0.0001) dose-dependent increases (16.4-fold increase with 4 g/day) in left ventricular tissue and red blood cell n-3 PUFA levels (EPA + DHA, placebo, 0.42 ± 0.04; 1 g/day, 3.02 ± 0.23; 2 g/day, 3.63 ± 0.17; and 4 g/day, 6.97 ± 0.33%). Regardless of the dose, n-3 PUFA treatment did not alter ventricular function in the intact animal (e.g., 4 g/day, fractional shortening: pre, 42.9 ± 1.6 vs. post, 40.1 ± 1.7%; placebo: pre, 39.2 ± 1.3 vs. post, 38.4 ± 1.6%). The developed force per cross-sectional area, changes in length- and frequency-dependent behavior in contractile force, and the inotropic response to β-adrenoceptor activation were also similar for trabeculae obtained from placebo- or n-3 PUFA-treated dogs. Finally, calcium currents and calcium transients were the same in myocytes from n-3 PUFA- and placebo-treated dogs. Thus dietary n-3 PUFAs did not adversely alter either in vitro or in vivo ventricular contractile function in dogs with healed infarctions.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The shape of the force-frequency relationship of canines is the closest to humans compared with mice, rats, and rabbits.
“the shape of the force-frequency relationship of canines is the closest to humans when compared to mice, rats, and rabbits (Billman, et al., 2010; Janssen & Periasamy, 2007; Monasky & Janssen, 2009; Varian, et al., 2009).”
From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Billman, et al., 2010
Cites
A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION
Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J. (1959) · Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology · doi:10.1139/o59-099 · Cited by 54,751 · see citing works
Heart Rate Variability: Standards of Measurement, Physiological Interpretation, and Clinical Use
Electrophysiology, T. F. O. T. E. S. O. C. T. N. A. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.5.1043 · Cited by 17,159 · see citing works
Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use
Malik, M., Bigger, J. T., Camm, A. J., Kleiger, R. E., Malliani, A., Moss, A. J., & Schwartz, P. J. (1996) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014868 · Cited by 15,289 · see citing works
Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride–methanol
Morrison, W. R., & Smith, L. M. (1964) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40190-7 · Cited by 6,005 · see citing works
Burr, M. L., Gilbert, J. F., Holliday, R. M., Elwood, P. C., Fehily, A. M., Rogers, S., Sweetnam, P. M., & Deadman, N. M. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90828-3 · Cited by 2,610 · see citing works
Yokoyama, M., Origasa, H., Matsuzaki, M., Matsuzawa, Y., Saito, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Oikawa, S., Sasaki, J., Hishida, H., Itakura, H., et al. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60527-3 · Cited by 2,516 · see citing works
The Inverse Relation between Fish Consumption and 20-Year Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease
Kromhout, D., Bosschieter, E. B., & Coulander, C. D. L. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198505093121901 · Cited by 2,177 · see citing works
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID AND PREVENTION OF THROMBOSIS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS?
Dyerberg, J. (1978) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)91505-2 · Cited by 1,691 · see citing works
GISSI-HF investigators (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61239-8 · Cited by 1,350 · see citing works
Marchioli, R., Barzi, F., Bomba, E., Chieffo, C., Di Gregorio, D., Di Mascio, R., Franzosi, M. G., Geraci, E., Levantesi, G., Maggioni, A. P., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000014682.14181.f2 · Cited by 1,311 · see citing works
Blood Levels of Long-Chain n–3 Fatty Acids and the Risk of Sudden Death
Albert, C. M., Campos, H., Stampfer, M. J., Ridker, P. M., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., & Ma, J. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012918 · Cited by 1,146 · see citing works
The Omega-3 Index: A new risk factor for death from coronary heart disease?
Harris, W. S., & von Schacky, C. (2004) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.02.030 · Cited by 1,111 · see citing works
Self-citationSiscovick, D. S. (1995) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03530170043030 · Cited by 920 · see citing works
Fish consumption and the 30-year risk of fatal myocardial infarction
Daviglus, M. L., Stamler, J., Orencia, A. J., Dyer, A. R., Liu, K., Greenland, P., Walsh, M. K., Morris, D., & Shekelle, R. B. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199704103361502 · Cited by 902 · see citing works
The composition of the Eskimo food in north western Greenland.
Bang, H. O., Dyerberg, J., & Sinclair, H. M. (1980) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/33.12.2657 · Cited by 807 · see citing works
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease
Kris‐Etherton, P. M., Harris, W. S., & Appel, L. J. (2003) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000057393.97337.ae · Cited by 597 · see citing works
Self-citationLack of benefit of dietary advice to men with angina: results of a controlled trial
Burr, M. L., Ashfield-Watt, P. A. L., Dunstan, F. D. J., Fehily, A. M., Breay, P., Ashton, T., Zotos, P. C., Haboubi, N. A. A., & Elwood, P. C. (2003) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601539 · Cited by 409 · cited 5× · see citing works
“In marked contrast, the DART-2 study (15) reported that n-3 PUFAs increased, rather than decreased, all-cause mortality (26% increase over a 9-yr follow-up period, with a 54% increase sudden cardiac death), whereas the Japan Eicosapentaneoic Acid Lipid Intervention (JELIS) found that EPA supplements did not alter eith…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEffect of Fish Oil on Heart Rate in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Mozaffarian, D., Geelen, A., Brouwer, I. A., Geleijnse, J. M., Zock, P. L., & Katan, M. B. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.556886 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Xiao, Y., Gomez, A. M., Morgan, J. P., Lederer, W. J., & Leaf, A. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.8.4182 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Cardiovascular benefits of omega-3 fatty acids
Vonschacky, C., & Harris, W. S. (2006) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.08.019 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Self-citationParati, G., Mancia, G., Rienzo, M. D., & Castiglioni, P. (2006) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00446.2006 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cardiac Biopsies From Heart Transplantation Patients
Harris, W. S., Sands, S. A., Windsor, S. L., Ali, H. A., Stevens, T. L., Magalski, A., Porter, C., & Borkon, A. M. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000142292.10048.b2 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Self-citationRissanen, T., Voutilainen, S., Nyyssönen, K., Lakka, T. A., & Salonen, J. T. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.102.22.2677 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Omega 3 fatty acids for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
Hooper, L., Harrison, R. A., Summerbell, C. D., Moore, H., Worthington, H. V., Ness, A., Capps, N., Davey Smith, G., Riemersma, R., & Ebrahim, S. (2004) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003177.pub2 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Christensen, J. H., Gustenhoff, P., Korup, E., Aaroe, J., Toft, E. S., Moller, T., Rasmussen, K., Dyerberg, J., & Schmidt, E. B. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7032.677 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Prevention of ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation by omega 3 fatty acids.
Billman, G. E., Hallaq, H., & Leaf, A. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.10.4427 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citationBillman, G. E. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00534.2009 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of fish oil on arrhythmias and mortality: systematic review.
Leon, H., Shibata, M. C., Sivakumaran, S., Dorgan, M., Chatterley, T., & Tsuyuki, R. T. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.a2931 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
O’Keefe, J. H., Abuissa, H., Sastre, A., Steinhaus, D. M., & Harris, W. S. (2006) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.11.025 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationRespiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: Physiological Basis, Quantitative Methods, and Clinical Implications
Porges, S. W. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0360-3_7 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Duda, M. K., O’Shea, K. M., Tintinu, A., Xu, W., Khairallah, R. J., Barrows, B. R., Chess, D. J., Azimzadeh, A. M., Harris, W. S., Sharov, V. G., et al. (2008) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvn310 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Self-citationOmega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiac Arrhythmias: Prior Studies and Recommendations for Future Research
London, B., Albert, C. M., Anderson, M. E., Giles, W. R., Wagoner, D. R. V., Balk, E. M., Billman, G. E., Chung, M., Lands, W. E. M., Leaf, A., et al. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.712984 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary Fish and ω-3 Fatty Acid Consumption and Heart Rate Variability in US Adults
Mozaffarian, D., Stein, P. K., Prineas, R. J., & Siscovick, D. S. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.732826 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Sakabe, M., Shiroshita-Takeshita, A., Maguy, A., Dumesnil, C., Nigam, A., Leung, T. K., & Nattel, S. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.704759 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Fish Consumption Is Associated With Lower Heart Rates
Dallongeville, J., Yarnell, J., Ducimetière, P., Arveiler, D., Ferrières, J., Montaye, M., Luc, G., Evans, A., Bingham, A., Hass, B., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000084542.64687.97 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Billman, G. E. (2006) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.01.002 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary Fish and n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Cardiac Electrocardiographic Parameters in Humans
Mozaffarian, D., Prineas, R. J., Stein, P. K., & Siscovick, D. S. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.03.048 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Brouwer, I. A., Raitt, M. H., Dullemeijer, C., Kraemer, D. F., Zock, P. L., Morris, C., Katan, M. B., Connor, W. E., Camm, J. A., Schouten, E. G., et al. (2008) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp003 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Duda, M. K., O’Shea, K. M., LEI, B., Barrows, B. R., Azimzadeh, A., McElfresh, T. A., Hoit, B. D., Kop, W. J., & Stanley, W. C. (2007) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.07.002 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Incorporated sarcolemmal fish oil fatty acids shorten pig ventricular action potentials
Verkerk, A. O., VANGINNEKEN, A., Berecki, G., den Ruijter, H. M., Schumacher, C. A., Veldkamp, M. W., Baartscheer, A., Casini, S., Tobias Opthof, A., & Hovenier, R. (2006) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.02.022 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Dynamic changes in cardiac vagal tone as measured by time-series analysis
Billman, G. E., & Dujardin, J. P. (1990) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.3.h896 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationFrequency-dependent acceleration of relaxation involves decreased myofilament calcium sensitivity
Varian, K. D., & Janssen, P. M. L. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00778.2006 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationZhao, Y.-T., Chen, Q., Sun, Y.-X., Li, X.-B., Zhang, P., Xu, Y., & Guo, J.-H. (2009) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890802698834 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationden Ruijter, H. M., Berecki, G., Verkerk, A. O., Bakker, D., Baartscheer, A., Schumacher, C. A., Belterman, C. N. W., de Jonge, N., Fiolet, J. W. T., Brouwer, I. A., et al. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.733329 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Dietary fat modulation of left ventricular ejection fraction in the marmoset due to enhanced filling
McLennan, P. L., Barnden, L. R., Bridle, T. M., Abeywardena, M. Y., & Charnock, J. S. (1992) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/26.9.871 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Li, G., Du, X., Siow, Y. L., O, K., Tse, H.-F., & LAU, C. (2003) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(02)00859-3 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Stasi, D. D., Bernasconi, R., Marchioli, R., Marfisi, R. M., Rossi, G. A., Tognoni, G., & Tacconi, M. T. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-004-0758-8 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Harris, W. S., Gonzales, M., Laney, N., Sastre, A., & Borkon, A. M. (2006) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.06.033 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationNegretti, N. M., Pérez, M., Walker, D., & O'Neill, S. C. (2000) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00367.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Billman, G. E., & Kukielka, M. (2005) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01328.2005 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationBoden, W. E., Krone, R. J., Kleiger, R. E., et al. (1991) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(91)90038-m · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Honen, B. N., Saint, D. A., & Laver, D. R. (2003) · The Journal of Membrane Biology · doi:10.1007/s00232-003-0628-9 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Dietary fish oil reduces pacemaker current and heart rate in rabbit
Verkerk, A. O., den Ruijter, H. M., Bourier, J., Boukens, B. J., Brouwer, I. A., Wilders, R., & Coronel, R. (2009) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.07.024 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Yang, B. C., Saldeen, T. G. P., Bryant, J. L., et al. (1993) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(93)90524-d · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ferrier, G. R., Redondo, I. M., Zhu, J., et al. (2002) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(02)00275-4 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Geelen, A., Zock, P. L., Swenne, C. A., Brouwer, I. A., Schouten, E. G., & Katan, M. (2003) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(03)00441-1 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on cardiac SR Ca2+-release and ryanodine receptor function
Swan, J. (2003) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(03)00545-5 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Stearidonic Acid Increases the Red Blood Cell and Heart Eicosapentaenoic Acid Content in Dogs
Harris, W. S., DiRienzo, M. A., Sands, S. A., George, C., Jones, P. G., & Eapen, A. K. (2007) · Lipids · doi:10.1007/s11745-007-3036-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationTAKAHASHI, R., Okumura, K., ASAI, T., HIRAI, T., Murakami, H., Murakami, R., Numaguchi, Y., MATSUI, H., Ito, M., & Murohara, T. (2005) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.05.018 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Billman, G. E., Kukielka, M., Kelley, R., Moustafa‐Bayoumi, M., & Altschuld, R. A. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01220.2005 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationCardiac response to submaximal exercise in dogs susceptible to sudden cardiac death
Billman, G. E., Schwartz, P. J., Gagnol, J., & STONE, H. L. (1985) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1985.59.3.890 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationIs Fish Oil Good or Bad for Heart Disease? Two Trials with Apparently Conflicting Results
Burr, M. L., Dunstan, F., & George, C. H. (2005) · The Journal of Membrane Biology · doi:10.1007/s00232-005-0784-1 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
O'Neill, S. C., Pérez, M., Hammond, K. E., et al. (2002) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2001.013015 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Hamaad, A., Lee, W. K., Lip, G. Y. H., & MacFadyen, R. J. (2006) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-006-0295-z · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Repolarization abnormalities and afterdepolarizations in a canine model of sudden cardiac death
Sridhar, A., Nishijima, Y., Terentyev, D. A., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90583.2008 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationHoule, M. S., Altschuld, R. A., & Billman, G. E. (2001) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2001.91.4.1627 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationHazama, H., Nakajima, T., Asano, M., et al. (1998) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00484-1 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Randomized comparison of mounted versus unmounted stents: The multicenter COMUS trial
Schneider, T. I., Höpp, H. W., Vlaho, D., Wassmer, G., Füssl, R., Fassbender, S., Wehr, G., Konz, K. H., Späh, F., & Baer, F. M. (2003) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2003.117 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Alteration of Cardiovascular Function in Trained Rats Fed With Fish Oil
Lortet, S., & Verger, P. (1995) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2007-973047 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
van Straten, E. M. E., van Meer, H., Huijkman, N., van Dijk, T. H., Baller, J. F. W., Verkade, H. J., Kuipers, F., & Plösch, T. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00021.2009 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Olgar, Ş., Ertuğrul, T., Nişli, K., et al. (2007) · Congestive Heart Failure · doi:10.1111/j.1527-5299.2007.07135.x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
N-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction in Denmark
Skou, H. A., Toft, E. S., Christensen, J. H., et al. (2001) · International Journal of Circumpolar Health · doi:10.1080/22423982.2001.12113038 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
(2003) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(03)00808-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages
Milani-Nejad, N., & Janssen, P. M. L. (2014) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.007 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Self-citationRamadeen, A., Connelly, K. A., Leong-Poi, H., Hu, X., Fujii, H., Laurent, G., Domenichiello, A. F., Bazinet, R. P., & Dorian, P. (2012) · Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.112.971515 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Billman, G. E., Nishijima, Y., Belevych, A. E., Terentyev, D., Xu, Y., Haizlip, K. M., Monasky, M. M., Hiranandani, N., Harris, W. S., Gyorke, S., Carnes, C. A., & Janssen, P. M. L.
- Affiliations
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology,
- The Ohio State University (US)
- University of South Dakota (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 298
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- H1219-H1228
- ISSN
- 0363-6135 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1539
- PMC
- PMC2853418
- OpenAlex
- W2143938609
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- GlaxoSmithKline
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL089836, R01HL063043, HL-086700, HL-063043, R01HL086700, HL-074045, R01HL089836, R01HL074045)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, myocardial infarction, ventricular function, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, calcium handling, ventricular myocytes, calcium current, calcium transients, dietary supplementation, dogs, echocardiography
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Calcium, Disease Models, Animal, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fatty Acids, Female, Heart Ventricles, Male, Myocardial Contraction, Myocardial Infarction, Myocardium, Ultrasonography, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Ventricular Function, Left, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Dietary Supplements
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
