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Thermoregulatory and blood responses during exercise at graded hypohydration levels
Abstract
We studied the effects of graded hypohydration levels on thermoregulatory and blood responses during exercise in the heat. Eight heat-acclimated male subjects attempted four heat-stress tests (HSTs). One HST was attempted during euhydration, and three HSTs were attempted while the subjects were hypohydrated by 3, 5, and 7% of their body weight. Hypohydration was achieved by an exercise-heat regimen on the day prior to each HST. After 30 min of rest in a 20 degrees C antechamber the HST consisted of a 140-min exposure (4 repeats of 10 min rest and 25 min treadmill walking) in a hot-dry (49 degrees C, 20% relative humidity) environment. The following observations were made: 1) a low-to-moderate hypohydration level primarily reduced plasma volume with little effect on plasma osmolality, whereas a more severe hypohydration level resulted in no further plasma volume reduction but a large increment in plasma osmolality; 2) core temperature and heart rate responses increased with severity of hypohydration; 3) sweating rate responses for a given rectal temperature were systematically decreased with severity of hypohydration; and 4) the reduction in sweating rate was more strongly associated with plasma hyperosmolality than hypovolemia. In conclusion, an individual's thermal strain increases linearly with the severity of hypohydration during exercise in the heat, and plasma hyperosmolality influences the reduction in sweating more profoundly than hypovolemia.
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“Hypovolemia and hyperosmolality delay the onset and decrease the sensitivity of the sweating and skin blood flow responses to hyperthermia [126–128], thus increasing heat storage [125, 129].”
From Fluid Balance in Team Sport Athletes and the Effect of Hypohydration on Cognitive, Technical, and Physical Performance (2017) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“and maintain cardiovascular function. 7,28,29”
From National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active (2017) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“the risk of exertional heat illness increases at moderate to severe levels (greater than 3%)”
From National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active (2017) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“Additionally, hypohydration reduces heat tolerance and the time to exhaustion during exercise; the latter also occurs at lower core temperatures. 29”
From National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active (2017) · cites this paper as [29]
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Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sawka, M. N., Young, A. J., Francesconi, R. P., Muza, S. R., & Pandolf, K. B.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1985-11-01
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1394-1401
- ISSN
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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