Cited by 288Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

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PPARs, Obesity, and Inflammation

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Stienstra, Rinke, Duval, Caroline, Müller, Michael, Kersten, Sander·2007·PPAR Research

DOI 10.1155/2007/95974PMC PMC1783744

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Abstract

The worldwide prevalence of obesity and related metabolic disorders is rising rapidly, increasing the burden on our healthcare system. Obesity is often accompanied by excess fat storage in tissues other than adipose tissue, including liver and skeletal muscle, which may lead to local insulin resistance and may stimulate inflammation, as in steatohepatitis. In addition, obesity changes the morphology and composition of adipose tissue, leading to changes in protein production and secretion. Some of these secreted proteins, including several proinflammatory mediators, may be produced by macrophages resident in the adipose tissue. The changes in inflammatory status of adipose tissue and liver with obesity feed a growing recognition that obesity represents a state of chronic low-level inflammation. Various molecular mechanisms have been implicated in obesity-induced inflammation, some of which are modulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism, and overall energy homeostasis. Importantly, PPARs also modulate the inflammatory response, which makes them an interesting therapeutic target to mitigate obesity-induced inflammation and its consequences. This review will address the role of PPARs in obesity-induced inflammation specifically in adipose tissue, liver, and the vascular wall.

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Figure 1 Central role of PPARs in obesity-induced inflammation. (Visceral) obesity and associated fatty liver stimulate inflammation in adipose tissue and liver via increased recruitment and infiltration of macrophages, resulting in increased production of proinflammatory cytokines. By downregulating proinflammatory genes in liver, adipose tissue and the vascular wall, PPARs have a major influence on the progression of obesity-related inflammation and its complications.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

10.1172/JCI200420468 · DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17912-4 · DOI · Paper page
10.1210/jc.83.5.1818 · DOI
10.1210/jc.86.7.3452 · DOI

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See all 288

Authors: Stienstra, R., Duval, C., Müller, M., & Kersten, S.
Affiliations: Wageningen University & Research (NL)
Corresponding author: Kersten, Sander
ORCID: Stienstra, Rinke
Müller, Michael
Kersten, Sander
Venue: PPAR Research
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Published: 2007
Volume: 2007
Pages: 1-10
ISSN: 1687-4757 (ISSN-L)
1687-4765
DOI: 10.1155/2007/95974
PMC: PMC1783744
OpenAlex: W1963979793
Cited by: 287
References: 98
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 5.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: PPAR Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (acceptedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, obesity, inflammation, adipose tissue, liver, steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, macrophages, pro-inflammatory mediators, vascular inflammation, energy homeostasis, metabolic disorders, therapeutic target

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