Separation of human adipocytes by size: hypertrophic fat cells display distinct gene expression
Abstract
Enlarged adipocytes are associated with insulin resistance and are an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes. To understand the molecular link between these diseases and adipocyte hypertrophy, we developed a technique to separate human adipocytes from an adipose tissue sample into populations of small cells (mean 57.6±3.54 pm) and large cells (mean 100.1±3.94 pm). Microarray analysis of the cell populations separated from adipose tissue from three subjects identified 14 genes, of which five immune‐related, with more than fourfold higher expression in large cells than small cells. Two of these genes were serum amyloid A (SAA) and transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1). Real‐time RT‐PCR analysis of SAA and TM4SF1 expression in adipocytes from seven subjects revealed 19‐fold and 22‐fold higher expression in the large cells, respectively, and a correlation between adipocyte size and both SAA and TM4SF1 expression. The results were verified using immunohistochemistry. In comparison with 17 other human tissues and cell types by microarray, large adipocytes displayed by far the highest SAA and TM4SF1 expression. Thus, we have identified genes with markedly higher expression in large, compared with small, human adipocytes. These genes may link hypertrophic obesity to insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes.—Jernås, M., Palming, J., Sjöholm, K., Jennische, E., Svensson, P.‐A., Gabrielsson, B. G., Levin, M., Sjögren, A., Rudemo, M., Lystig, T. C., Carlsson, B., Carlsson, L. M. S., Lönn, M. Separation of human adipocytes by size: hypertrophic fat cells display distinct gene expression. FASEB J. 20, E832–E839 (2006)
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Weight loss is accompanied by decreased circulating CRP, TNF-a, IL-6, and sICAM-1.
“Weight loss is accompanied by decreased concentrations of circulating mediators of inflammation, such as CRP, TNF-a, IL-6 and sICAM-1 (155,268 -270) , although it is difficult to dissect whether this effect is due to the weight loss per se or to the nature of the diet used to induce weight loss.”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [270]
Cites
Single-Step Method of RNA Isolation by Acid Guanidinium Thiocyanate–Phenol–Chloroform Extraction
Chomczynski, P., & Sacchi, N. (1987) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1006/abio.1987.9999 · Cited by 65,240 · see citing works
Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction
Chomczyński, P., & Sacchi, N. (1987) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(87)90021-2 · Cited by 47,092 · see citing works
Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (2005) · Technometrics · doi:10.1198/tech.2005.s303 · Cited by 17,993 · see citing works
Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data
Irizarry, R. A. (2003) · Biostatistics · doi:10.1093/biostatistics/4.2.249 · Cited by 10,603 · see citing works
Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
Weisberg, S. P., McCann, D., Desai, M., Rosenbaum, M., Leibel, R. L., & Ferrante, A. W. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200319246 · Cited by 10,041 · see citing works
Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (1998) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/9781118625590 · Cited by 5,086 · see citing works
Kopelman, P. G. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35007508 · Cited by 4,795 · see citing works
Inflammation, stress, and diabetes
Wellen, K. E., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci25102 · Cited by 4,143 · see citing works
Gunst, R. F., Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. C. (1999) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270576 · Cited by 3,795 · see citing works
A gene atlas of the mouse and human protein-encoding transcriptomes
Su, A. I., Wiltshire, T., Batalov, S., Lapp, H., Ching, K. A., Block, D., Zhang, J., Soden, R., Hayakawa, M., Kreiman, G., et al. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0400782101 · Cited by 3,475 · see citing works
Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue
Trayhurn, P., & Wood, I. S. (2004) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn20041213 · Cited by 2,210 · see citing works
Obesity-induced inflammatory changes in adipose tissue
Wellen, K. E., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200320514 · Cited by 1,823 · see citing works
Inflammation and Activated Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes
Pickup, J. C. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.3.813 · Cited by 1,414 · see citing works
The tetraspanin superfamily: molecular facilitators
Maecker, H. T., Todd, S. C., & Levy, S. (1997) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.11.6.9194523 · Cited by 931 · see citing works
Weyer, C., Foley, J. E., Bogardus, C., Tataranni, P. A., & Pratley, R. E. (2000) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250051560 · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Leptin secretion from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in women.
van Harmelen, V., Reynisdottir, S., Eriksson, P. O., Thörne, A., Hoffstedt, J., Lönnqvist, F., & Arner, P. (1998) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.6.913 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Salans, L. B., Knittle, J. L., & Hirsch, J. (1968) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105705 · Cited by 581 · see citing works
Su, S. B., Gong, W., Gao, J., Shen, W., Murphy, P. M., Oppenheim, J. J., & Wang, J. (1999) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.189.2.395 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Serum Amyloid A as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Outcome in Women
Johnson, B. D., Kip, K. E., Marroquin, O. C., Ridker, P. M., Kelsey, S. F., Shaw, L. J., Pepine, C. J., Sharaf, B. L., Merz, C. N. B., Sopko, G. S., et al. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000115516.54550.b1 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Adipose tissue, insulin action and vascular disease: inflammatory signals
Yudkin, J. S. (2003) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802496 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Biostatistics: a methodology for the health sciences
(1993) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.31-0993 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Leinonen, E. S., Hurt‐Camejo, E., Wiklund, O., Hultén, L. M., Hiukka, A., & Taskinen, M. (2003) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(02)00371-4 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Lee, Y. H., Nair, S., Rousseau, E., Allison, D. B., Page, G. P., Tataranni, P. A., Bogardus, C., & Permana, P. A. (2005) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-005-1867-3 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Role of Serum Amyloid A During Metabolism of Acute-Phase HDL by Macrophages
Artl, A., Marsche, G., Lestavel, S., Sattler, W., & Malle, E. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.3.763 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Sopasakis, V. R., Sandqvist, M., Gustafson, B., Hammarstedt, A., Schmelz, M., Yang, X., Jansson, P., & Smith, U. (2004) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2004.51 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Tataranni, P. A., & Ortega, E. (2005) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.4.917 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Lay, S. L., Krief, S., Farnier, C., Lefrère, I., Lièpvre, X. L., Bazin, R., Ferré, P., & Dugail, I. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m010955200 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Chait, A., Han, C. Y., Oram, J. F., & Heinecke, J. W. (2005) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r400017-jlr200 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
C-reactive protein elevation and disease activity in patients with coronary artery disease
Arroyo‐Espliguero, R. (2004) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ehj.2003.12.017 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
High Expression of Complement Components in Omental Adipose Tissue in Obese Men
Gabrielsson, B. G., Johansson, J. M., Lönn, M., Jernås, M., Olbers, T., Peltonen, M., Larsson, I., Lönn, L., Sjöström, L., Carlsson, B., et al. (2003) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2003.100 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationWinkler, G., Kiss, S., Keszthelyi, L., Sápi, Z., Őry, I., Salamon, F., Kovács, M., Vargha, P., Szekeres, O., Speer, G., et al. (2003) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1490129 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
An autosomal genomic scan for loci linked to prediabetic phenotypes in Pima Indians.
Pratley, R. E., Thompson, D. B., Procházka, M., Baier, L. J., Mott, D. M., Ravussin, É., Sakul, H., Ehm, M. G., Burns, D. K., Foroud, T., et al. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci1850 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Comparison of two methods for determining human adipose cell size
Smith, U., Sjöström, L., & Björntorp, P. A. (1972) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)39356-1 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Lipotoxicity, an imbalance between lipogenesis de novo and fatty acid oxidation
Lelliott, C. J., & Vidal‐Puig, A. (2004) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802854 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
The effect of insulin upon glucose metabolism by adipose cells of different size
Salans, L. B., & Dougherty, J. W. (1971) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106623 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Serum amyloid A: production by human white adipocyte and regulation by obesity and nutrition
Poitou, C., Viguerie, N., Cancello, R., Matteis, R. D., Cinti, S., Štich, V., Coussieu, C., Gauthier, É., Courtine, M., Zucker, J., et al. (2005) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-004-1654-6 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Cai, L., de Beer, M. C., de Beer, F. C., & van der Westhuyzen, D. R. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m411555200 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Sjöholm, K., Palming, J., Olofsson, L. E., Gummesson, A., Svensson, P., Lystig, T., Jennische, E., Brandberg, J., Torgerson, J., Carlsson, B., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1830 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, X., Cooper, R. S., Borecki, I. B., et al. (2002) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/340362 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Farnier, C., Krief, S., Blache, M., DUPUY, F., Mory, G., Ferré, P., & Bazin, R. (2003) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802399 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Determinants of leptin gene expression in fat depots of lean mice
Zhang, Y., Guo, K.-Y., Diaz, P. A., Heo, M., & Leibel, R. L. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00392.2001 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Association Between Serum Amyloid A Proteins and Coronary Artery Disease
Fyfe, A. I., Rothenberg, L. S., deBeer, F. C., Cantor, R. M., Rotter, J. I., & Lusis, A. J. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.9.2914 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Serum Amyloid A Promotes Cholesterol Efflux Mediated by Scavenger Receptor B-I
van der Westhuyzen, D. R., Cai, L., de Beer, M. C., et al. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m505685200 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Modulation of Atherogenesis by Chemokines
Boisvert, W. A. (2004) · Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2004.02.006 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Evaluation of Reference Genes for Studies of Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissue
Gabrielsson, B. G., Olofsson, L. E., Sjögren, A., Jernås, M., Elander, A., Lönn, M., Rudemo, M., & Carlsson, L. M. S. (2005) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2005.72 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationThe L6 membrane proteins—A new four‐transmembrane superfamily
Wright, M. D., Rudy, G. B., & Ni, J. (2000) · Protein Science · doi:10.1110/ps.9.8.1594 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Guo, K., Halo, P., Leibel, R. L., & Zhang, Y. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00028.2004 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Two-Sample Tests
Pratt, J. W., & Gibbons, J. D. (1981) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5931-2_7 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The Composition and Metabolism in Vitro of Adipose Tissue Fat Cells of Different Sizes
Björntorp, P. A., & Sjöström, L. (1972) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1972.tb00573.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Serum Amyloid a promotes ABCA1-dependent and ABCA1-independent lipid efflux from cells
Stonik, J. A., Remaley, A. T., Demosky, S. J., et al. (2004) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.052 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Microarray Analysis Supports a Role for CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein-β in Brain Injury
Cortés‐Canteli, M., Wagner, M., Ansorge, W. J., & Pérez‐Castillo, A. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m313253200 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Computerized Determination of Adipocyte Size
Björnheden, T., Jakubowicz, B., Levin, M., Odén, B., Edén, S., Sjöström, L., & Lönn, M. (2004) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2004.13 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationKarlsson, H., Tsuchida, H., Lake, S., Koistinen, H. A., & Krook, A. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.6.1424 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Studies of human adipose tissue in culture I. Incorporation of glucose and release of glycerol
Smith, U. (1972) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.1091720401 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Weighted Analysis of Paired Microarray Experiments
Kristiansson, E., Sjögren, A., Rudemo, M., & Nerman, O. (2005) · Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology · doi:10.2202/1544-6115.1160 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Obesity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance
Shoelson, S. E., Herrero, L., & Naaz, A. (2007) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.059 · Cited by 1,806 · see citing works
Developmental Origin of Fat: Tracking Obesity to Its Source
Gesta, S., Tseng, Y.-H., & Kahn, C. R. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.004 · Cited by 1,508 · see citing works
Relationship between Adipocyte Size and Adipokine Expression and Secretion
Skurk, T., Alberti-Huber, C., Herder, C., & Hauner, H. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1055 · Cited by 1,288 · see citing works
Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity
Calder, P. C., Ahluwalia, N., Brouns, F., Buetler, T., Clement, K., Cunningham, K., Esposito, K., Jönsson, L. S., Kolb, H., Lansink, M., et al. (2011) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114511005460 · Cited by 1,098 · see citing works
Adipokine dysregulation, adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic syndrome
Maury, E., & Brichard, S. M. (2010) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2009.07.031 · Cited by 1,026 · see citing works
Adipocyte Turnover: Relevance to Human Adipose Tissue Morphology
Arner, E., Westermark, P. O., Spalding, K. L., Britton, T., Rydén, M., Frisén, J., Bernard, S., & Arner, P. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-0942 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
The role of adipose tissue dysfunction in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance
Goossens, G. H. (2008) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.10.010 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Mannerås-Holm, L., Leonhardt, H., Kullberg, J., Jennische, E., Odén, A., Holm, G., Hellström, M., Lönn, L., Olivecrona, G., Stener-Victorin, E., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2010-1290 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Ectopic fat and insulin resistance: pathophysiology and effect of diet and lifestyle interventions.
Snel, M., Jonker, J. T., Schoones, J., Lamb, H., de Roos, A., Pijl, H., Smit, J. W. A., Meinders, A. E., & Jazet, I. M. (2012) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2012/983814 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
PPARs, Obesity, and Inflammation
Stienstra, R., Duval, C., Müller, M., & Kersten, S. (2007) · PPAR Research · doi:10.1155/2007/95974 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Villaret, A., Galitzky, J., Decaunes, P., Estève, D., Marques, M.-A., Sengenès, C., Chiotasso, P., Tchkonia, T., Lafontan, M., Kirkland, J. L., et al. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-0398 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Regional impact of adipose tissue morphology on the metabolic profile in morbid obesity
Hoffstedt, J., Arner, E., Wahrenberg, H., Andersson, D. P., Qvisth, V., Löfgren, P., Rydén, M., Thörne, A., Wirén, M., Palmér, M., et al. (2010) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-010-1889-3 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Dumesic, D. A., Akopians, A. L., Madrigal, V. K., Ramirez, E., Margolis, D. J., Sarma, M. K., Thomas, A. M., Grogan, T. R., Haykal, R., Schooler, T. A., et al. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2586 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The relationship of omental and subcutaneous adipocyte size to metabolic disease in severe obesity
O'Connell, J., Lynch, L., Cawood, T. J., Kwasnik, A., Nolan, N., Geoghegan, J., McCormick, A., O'Farrelly, C., & O'Shea, D. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009997 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Veilleux, A., Caron-Jobin, M., Noël, S., Laberge, P. Y., & Tchernof, A. (2011) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-1039 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Macrophages and the Regulation of Adipose Tissue Remodeling
Martinez-Santibañez, G., & Nien-Kai Lumeng, C. (2014) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071812-161113 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue: relationship to adipose cell size
McLaughlin, T., Deng, A., Yee, G., Lamendola, C., Reaven, G., Tsao, P. S., Cushman, S. W., & Sherman, A. (2010) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-009-1496-3 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Regulation of inflammation-related genes in human adipose tissue
Clement, K., & Langin, D. (2007) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01851.x · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Dankel, S. N., Svärd, J., Matthä, S., Claussnitzer, M., Klöting, N., Glunk, V., Fandalyuk, Z., Grytten, E., Solsvik, M. H., Nielsen, H., et al. (2014) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20758 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Alexanderson, C., Eriksson, E., Stener-Victorin, E., Lystig, T., Gabrielsson, B., Lönn, M., & Holmäng, A. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2007-0305 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationMarkers of inflammation in schizophrenia: association vs. causation
Manu, P., Correll, C. U., Wampers, M., Mitchell, A. J., Probst, M., Vancampfort, D., & De Hert, M. (2014) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20117 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Gavin, K. M., Gutman, J. A., Kohrt, W. M., Wei, Q., Shea, K. L., Miller, H. L., Sullivan, T. M., Erickson, P. F., Helm, K. M., Acosta, A. S., et al. (2016) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.15-278994 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Okamoto, Y., Higashiyama, H., Rong, J. X., McVey, M. J., Kinoshita, M., Asano, S., & Hansen, M. K. (2007) · Experimental and Molecular Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2007.02.007 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Murphy, J., Moullec, G., & Santosa, S. (2017) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.09.009 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Mechanisms of liver fibrosis in metabolic syndrome
Mehal, W. (2023) · eGastroenterology · doi:10.1136/egastro-2023-100015 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Mark, P. J., Wyrwoll, C. S., Zulkafli, I. S., Mori, T. A., & Waddell, B. J. (2014) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/1477-7827-12-39 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jernås, M., Palming, J., Sjöholm, K., Jennische, E., Svensson, P.-A., Gabrielsson, B. G., Levin, M., Sjögren, A., Rudemo, M., Lystig, T. C., Carlsson, B., Carlsson, L. M. S., Lonn, M., Jernås, M., Palming, J., Sjöholm, K., Jennische, E., Svensson, P.-A., Gabrielsson, B. G., Levin, M., Sjögren, A., Rudemo, M., Lystig, T. C., Carlsson, B., Carlsson, L. M. S., & Lonn, M.
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-06-05
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1540-1542
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W2166193349
- Cited by
- 454
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 18.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Vetenskapsrådet (521-2002-6480, 529-2002-6671, 521-2002-6356, 521-2005-6736, 11285)
- Diabetesförbundet
- Socialstyrelsen
- Stiftelserna Wilhelm och Martina Lundgrens
- Adlerbertska Stiftelserna
- Åke Wiberg Stiftelse
- Magnus Bergvalls Stiftelse
- Fredrik och Ingrid Thurings Stiftelse
- Tore Nilsons Stiftelse för Medicinsk Forskning
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Keywords
- adipocyte hypertrophy, adipocyte size, human adipocytes, serum amyloid A, TM4SF1, gene expression, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, immune-related genes, adipose tissue, size-based cell separation
- MeSH terms
- Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Hypertrophy, Insulin Resistance, Male, Adipocytes, Postmenopause, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Leptin, Cell Size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review