The DOI matches its Crossref record; 196 of the 196 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
WNT as a Driver and Dependency in Cancer
Open accessAbstract
The WNT signaling pathway is a critical regulator of development and adult tissue homeostasis and becomes dysregulated in many cancer types. Although hyperactivation of WNT signaling is common, the type and frequency of genetic WNT pathway alterations can vary dramatically between different cancers, highlighting possible cancer-specific mechanisms for WNT-driven disease. In this review, we discuss how WNT pathway disruption contributes to tumorigenesis in different organs and how WNT affects the tumor cell and immune microenvironment. Finally, we describe recent and ongoing efforts to target oncogenic WNT signaling as a therapeutic strategy. Significance: WNT signaling is a fundamental regulator of tissue homeostasis and oncogenic driver in many cancer types. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of WNT signaling in cancer, particularly the complexities of WNT activation in distinct cancer types, its role in immune evasion, and the challenge of targeting the WNT pathway as a therapeutic strategy.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The Wnt/β-catenin pathway also plays a critical role in maintaining the cancer stem cell (CSC) population in malignant tissues making Wnt a potential target in CRC [109]”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutic Strategies to Improve Colorectal Cancer Treatment (2024) · cites this paper as [109]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Comprehensive molecular characterization of human colon and rectal cancer
The Cancer Genome Atlas Network (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11252 · Cited by 8,499
Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5
Barker, N., van Es, J. H., Kuipers, J., Kujala, P., van den Born, M., Cozijnsen, M., Haegebarth, A., Korving, J., Begthel, H., Peters, P. J., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06196 · Cited by 5,687
Wnt/β-catenin signaling and disease
Clevers, H., & Nusse, R. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.05.012 · Cited by 5,554
Cancer Metastasis: Building a Framework
Gupta, G. P., & Massagué, J. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.11.001 · Cited by 4,333
Wnt signalling in stem cells and cancer
Reya, T., & Clevers, H. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03319 · Cited by 3,666
Melanoma-intrinsic β-catenin signalling prevents anti-tumour immunity
Spranger, S., Bao, R., & Gajewski, T. F. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14404 · Cited by 2,830
Identification and characterization of the familial adenomatous polyposis coli gene
Groden, J. L., Thliveris, A. T., Samowitz, W. S., Carlson, M. L., Gelbert, L. M., Albertsen, H., Joslyn, G., Stevens, J., Spirio, L. N., Robertson, M. A., et al. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(81)90021-0 · Cited by 2,794
Zhan, T., Rindtorff, N., & Boutros, M. (2017) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2016.304 · Cited by 2,626
Paneth cells constitute the niche for Lgr5 stem cells in intestinal crypts
Sato, T., van Es, J. H., Snippert, H. J., Stange, D. E., Vries, R. G., van den Born, M., Barker, N., Shroyer, N. F., van de Wetering, M., & Clevers, H. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09637 · Cited by 2,510
Prospective Derivation of a Living Organoid Biobank of Colorectal Cancer Patients
van de Wetering, M., Francies, H. E., Francis, J. M., Bounova, G., Iorio, F., Pronk, A., van Houdt, W., van Gorp, J., Taylor-Weiner, A., Kester, L., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.03.053 · Cited by 2,408
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–260 of 260
Huang, H., Xie, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, D., Zhang, X., Deng, Y., Huang, Z., Bi, H., Hu, X., Yan, X., et al. (2023) · Molecular Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1002/mc.23618 · Cited by 1
Fang, W., & Chen, Z. (2023) · Cellular and Molecular Biology · doi:10.14715/cmb/2023.69.9.34 · Cited by 1
Chen, W., Yang, K., Liu, X., Cheng, X., Zhu, D., Yang, Z., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-96465-x · Cited by 1
Wang, W., Lu, K., Zhang, X., Wei, K., Cheng, G., Tang, Z., Zhan, M.-W., Fan, C., & Fu, X. (2025) · The World Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.5534/wjmh.240298 · Cited by 1
Fröhlich, J., Rose, K., & Hecht, A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.12.05.519142 · Cited by 1
Identification of TPST1 as a Promising Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomaPreprint
Chen, S., Chen, F., Huang, S.-Y., Jia, W., & Ye, Q. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5231041/v1 · Cited by 1
β-catenin obstructs γδ T cell immunosurveillance in colon cancer through loss of BTNL expressionPreprint
Suzuki, T., Kilbey, A., Ridgway, R. A., Hayman, H., Bryne, R., Casa-Rodríguez, N., Γεωργακοπούλου, Α., Chen, L., Verzi, M. P., Gay, D. M., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.06.10.495115
The role of the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors (RORs) in human breast cancer
Heinrichs, S. (2022) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-9605
Wen, J., Lijia, W. A. N., & Dong, X. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2356189/v2
Wen, J., Wan, L., & Dong, X. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2356189/v1
Schulz, W. A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16286-2_6
Voies de prolifération des cellules souches
Robert, J. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-77967-1.00009-7
ACLY is a prognostic biomarker of head and neck squamous carcinomaPreprint
Tan, M., Li, D., & Xu, R. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3209396/v1
Vitamin D and colorectal cancer
Ferrer‐Mayorga, G., Múñoz, A., & González‐Sancho, J. M. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91338-6.00039-2
Han, Q., Gan, X., Feng, Y., Liu, Y., Lin, X., Yu, X., & Rong, X. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3663431/v1
Dai, S., Yang, J., Tang, Y., Yan, X., Gu, C., Liu, P., & Yuan, X. (2024) · Chemical Biology & Drug Design · doi:10.1111/cbdd.14469
Schulz, W. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42806-7_6
Small Molecule Targeted Compounds for Cancer Therapy Through Different Pathways
Yassin, N. Y. S., Ahmed, N. A., Khalil, R. G., & Ahmed, O. M. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-0301-5_2
Common Signaling Pathways in Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease May Point to New Treatments
Wu, C., Jiang, L., Zhong, Y., & Liu, Z. (2025) · Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0115680266340314250303003647
Gut Microbiota-induced Long Non-coding RNA Snhg9 Regulates the Development of Human Malignant Tumors
Jia, D., He, Y., Chen, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · Current Molecular Medicine · doi:10.2174/0115665240366916250629064055
Fan, M., Liu, K., Shi, Y., Hao, J., Qiu, H., & Yan, L. (2025) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2025.114751
Faecalcrobiota metabolites: emerging insights into cancer radiotherapy outcomes
Gao, Y., Zeng, B., Wang, Z., Liang, S., & Yang, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1663835 · Cited by 1
DDIAS promotes endometrial cancer progression via β-catenin signaling
Tian, X., Liu, M., Zhao, J., Lao, C., Liu, B., & Suo, Y. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0331851
Waszczykowska, K., Kołat, D., Kałuzińska‐Kołat, Ż., & Płuciennik, E. (2025) · Open Life Sciences · doi:10.1515/biol-2025-1173
Serine metabolism reprogramming in cancer: a multi-tiered regulatory framework
Yuan, Y., Wang, K., Jin, Y., & Han, T. (2025) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/abbs.2025188
Cheng, W., Gao, D., Ren, J., & Liu, J. (2025) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-025-04628-4
B4GALT1 and Wntless collaborate to block LRP5/6 translocation from Golgi to cell surface
Li, X. M., Hua, Y., Wang, J., Wu, M., Pan, Y., Wang, J., & Gan, X. (2025) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.202501170
WNT6 promotes choriocarcinoma progression by driving proliferation, invasion, and metastasis
Peng, M., Lin, T., Wu, C., Lv, C., Mao, X., & Wu, Q. (2025) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-025-04045-2
STT3A: Finding the sugar in Wnt signaling
He, D., & Hu, G. (2025) · Cell chemical biology · doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2025.10.012
Feng, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Zhang, D., Cao, Y., & Li, M. (2025) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-025-04034-z
Cai, K., Deng, L., Zheng, D., Li, L., He, Z., & Yu, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21547331
Cai, K., Deng, L., Zheng, D., Li, L., He, Z., & Yu, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21547322
Cai, K., Deng, L., Zheng, D., Li, L., He, Z., & Yu, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21547316
Cai, K., Deng, L., Zheng, D., Li, L., He, Z., & Yu, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21547328
Guo, Y., Lu, W., Zhang, Z., Liu, H., Zhang, A., Zhang, T., Wu, Y., Li, X., Yang, S., Cui, Q., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25708951
Li, Y., Kong, Y., An, M., Luo, Y., Zheng, H., Lin, Y., Chen, J., Yang, J., Liu, L., Luo, B., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23820012
Guo, Y., Lu, W., Zhang, Z., Liu, H., Zhang, A., Zhang, T., Wu, Y., Li, X., Yang, S., Cui, Q., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26713466
Cai, K., Deng, L., Zheng, D., Li, L., He, Z., & Yu, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21547319
Mouillet‐Richard, S., Gougèlet, A., Passet, B., Brochard, C., Corre, D. L., Pitasi, C. L., Joubel, C., Sroussi, M., Gallois, C., Lavergne, J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25566247
Li, Y., Kong, Y., An, M., Luo, Y., Zheng, H., Lin, Y., Chen, J., Yang, J., Liu, L., Luo, B., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23820006
Gan, X., Feng, Y., Liu, Y., Lin, X., Yu, X., Rong, X., & Han, Q. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.27012120
Zhang, Q., Wu, D., Guo, F., Yang, S., Bao, L., Zhang, R., & Wang, P. (2026) · Digestion · doi:10.1159/000549887
RetractedZhang, Y., Bai, X., Ning, X., & Ren, J. (2026) · Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · doi:10.2147/ccid.s586819
Zhu, G., Liu, Y., Shi, Y., Qian, N., Song, C., Liu, X., Xiahou, Z., Xiong, Z., & Hu, J. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1742767
Yang, C., Yang, Y., Liu, Z. T., Bai, X., 马晓慧, Tang, J., Huang, R., Liao, Y., Liu, Y., Wen, L., et al. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2601991123 · Cited by 1
Masoud, M., Shastri, C., Banerjee, R., Dasgupta, S., Chavarria-Bernal, H., Singh, K. P., Pierce, J. Y., & Dasgupta, S. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27093986 · Cited by 1
Orlistat targets NEDD8 conjugating enzyme UBC12 for cancer therapy
Shen, M., Li, H., Xuan, Y., Zhu, H., Chen, L., Hao, P., Zhang, C., Fang, J., Zhou, X., Yan, R., et al. (2026) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2026.108214
Ding, W., Wu, S., Zeng, L., Fan, Z., Luo, Y., Yi, X., Wang, P., Mo, L., & Li, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.31083/fbl48267
Zhang, X., Tang, Y., Li, X., Li, O., Liu, Y. R., He, J., & Liu, T. (2026) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.71170
Rodrigues, P., Matos, P., Gonçalves, J., & Jordan, P. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14061312
Insight into the mode of action of phytocannabinoids against ovarian cancer and glioblastoma
Koltai, H., & Kendall, B. E. (2026) · Phytomedicine Plus · doi:10.1016/j.phyplu.2026.101012
Zhang, S., Chen, S., Guo, B., Ling, Q., Wang, S., Miao, Z., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Zheng, S., Li, Z., et al. (2026) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2026.06.026
Soltani, A., Razi, F., & Abdollahi, A. (2026) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-026-02016-0
Makki, R., Kim, H., Aoun, M., & Shekhar, M. P. V. (2026) · Molecular and Digital Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mdmed.2026.100009
Liu, L., Sun, L., He, J., & Li, Z. (2026) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.71098
Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) controls papillary and follicular thyroid cancer growth
Fiorentino, G., Latiano, B., Rinella, L., Grange, C., Cedrino, M., Bosco, O., Pighi, C., Perin, L., Arvat, E., & Catalano, M. G. (2026) · Endocrine Related Cancer · doi:10.1530/erc-26-0026
邓小虹, Yu, J., Li, W., Zhu, C., Hu, S., Zhang, Y., Liang, G., & Zhang, J. (2026) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2026.09.018
Boosting the nuclear Wnt/β-catenin feedback loop for the specific elimination of colorectal cancer
Liao, S., Du, R., Zeng, X., Zhai, J., Zhang, Y., Li, K., Li, X., Wu, J., Song, R., Chen, Z., et al. (2026) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2026-338973
GPCRs as Partners of LGR5 Cancer Stem Cells: Opportunities and Challenges
Nag, J. K., Subedi, G., & Bar‐Shavit, R. (2026) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom16101522
BindingDB (2026) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2j38zf2
Metadata
- Authors
- Parsons, M. J., Tammela, T., & Dow, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dow, Lukas E.
- Venue
- Cancer Discovery
- Published
- 2021-09-13
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2413-2429
- ISSN
- 2159-8274 (ISSN-L)
- 2159-8290
- PMC
- PMC8487948
- OpenAlex
- W3199697997
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 195
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 4.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cancer Discovery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Cancer Society (131461-RSG-17-202-01-TBG)
- NCI (1R01CA222517-01A1)
- Starr Cancer Consortium (SCC I14-0023)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Keywords
- Wnt signaling, carcinogenesis, tumor immune microenvironment, immune evasion, Wnt pathway inhibitors, cancer therapy, tissue homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neoplasms, Tumor Microenvironment, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Carcinogenesis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review