Insulin-induced hypoglycemia stimulates gastric vagal activity and motor function without increasing cardiac vagal activity
Abstract
Background/Aims: We investigated whether increasing the efferent vagal activity by insulin-induced hypoglycemia would enhance gastric emptying and volumes in healthy subjects. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers (10 males) were examined with and without vagal stimulation by insulin-induced hypoglycemia using a glucose clamp technique. Stomach function was tested by drinking meat soup (0.04 kcal ml–1) at a rate of 100 ml min–1 until maximal capacity. Intragastric volume at maximal drinking capacity was determined by three-dimensional ultrasound. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was used as an index of cardiac vagal activity and plasma pancreatic polypeptide (PP) as a measure of gastric vagal activity, and skin conductance (SC) as a measure of sympathetic tone. Results: Insulin-induced hypoglycaemia increased drinking capacity (p = 0.002), gastric emptying (p = 0.02), PP (p = 0.004) and SC (p = 0.004), while intragastric volume was unchanged (p = 0.7) and RSA decreased (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Enhancement of gastric vagal activity by insulin-induced hypoglycemia increased drinking capacity and gastric emptying similarly, resulting in an unchanged intragastric volume. Enhanced efferent vagal activity to the stomach (as measured by PP) was not associated by enhanced cardiac vagal activity (as measured by RSA), possibly a consequence of stress-induced sympathetic activation during the procedure.
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In healthy volunteers, hypoglycemia induced by insulin has been shown to speed gastric emptying and increase the amount of meat soup consumed.
“It has also been shown that insulin-induced hypoglycemia increases botht he gastric emptying and the drinking capacity of meat soup in healthy volunteers (19).”
From Effect of cinnamon on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying, and satiety in healthy subjects (2007) · cites this paper as [19]
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Effect of cinnamon on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying, and satiety in healthy subjects
Hlebowicz, J., Darwiche, G., Björgell, O., & Almér, L.-O. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.6.1552 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hjelland, I. E., Oveland, N. P., Leversen, K., Berstad, A., & Hausken, T.
- Affiliations
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- Venue
- Digestion
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 43-48
- ISSN
- 0012-2823 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9867
- OpenAlex
- W2154347884
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Digestion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- insulin-induced hypoglycemia, gastric emptying, gastric motility, cardiac vagal activity, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, pancreatic polypeptide, sympathetic activation, stress response
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Gastric Emptying, Humans, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Male, Stomach, Vagus Nerve
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