B vitamins and n-3 fatty acids for brain development and function: review of human studies
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BACKGROUND: Nutrition is one of many factors that affect brain development and functioning, and in recent years the role of certain nutrients has been investigated. B vitamins and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are two of the most promising and widely studied nutritional factors. METHODS: In this review, we provide an overview of human studies published before August 2011 on how vitamin B(6), folate, vitamin B(12) and n-3 PUFA may affect the brain, their nutrient status and the existing evidence for an association between these nutrients and brain development, brain functioning and depression during different stages of the life cycle. RESULTS: No recommendation can be given regarding a role of B vitamins, either because the number of studies on B vitamins is too limited (pregnant and lactating women and children) or the studies are not consistent (adults and elderly). For n-3 PUFA, observational evidence may be suggestive of a beneficial effect; however, this has not yet been sufficiently replicated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). CONCLUSIONS: We found that the existing evidence from observational studies as well as RCTs is generally too limited and contradictory to draw firm conclusions. More research is needed, particularly a combination of good-quality long-term prospective studies and well-designed RCTs.
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Nutrition for the ageing brain: Towards evidence for an optimal diet
Vauzour, D., Camprubi-Robles, M., Miquel-Kergoat, S., Andres-Lacueva, C., Bánáti, D., Barberger-Gateau, P., Bowman, G. L., Caberlotto, L., Clarke, R., Hogervorst, E., et al. (2017) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.010 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
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The Flynn effect and population aging
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- Authors
- van de Rest, O., van Hooijdonk, L. W. A., Doets, E., Schiepers, O. J. G., Eilander, A., & de Groot, L. C. P. G. M.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Unilever Research and Development Vlaardingen (NL)
- Venue
- Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 272-292
- ISSN
- 0250-6807 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9697
- OpenAlex
- W1995252406
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 168
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 0.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, brain development, brain function, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B12, depression, nutrient status, pregnancy, lactation, children, older adults, observational studies, randomized controlled trials
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Clinical Trials as Topic, Folic Acid, Humans, Nutritional Status, Vitamin B Complex, Vitamin B 12, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Dietary Supplements, Vitamin B 6
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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