Differential sirtuin expression patterns in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) postmortem tissue: neuroprotective or neurotoxic properties of sirtuins in ALS?
Abstract
Background/Aims: Sirtuins (SIRT1–7; class III histone deactylases) modulate fundamental mechanisms in age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We assessed the expression levels of sirtuins in human postmortem ALS and control brain and spinal cord. Methods and Results: By quantitative real-time PCR, a significant reduction of SIRT1 and SIRT2 was detected in homogenates of the primary motor cortex (white and gray matter), while there were no differences in spinal cord homogenates. When specifically analyzing mRNA and protein expression in the gray matter (cortical layers I–VI of the precentral gyrus, ventral/dorsal horn of the spinal cord) by in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, we found increased levels of SIRT1, SIRT2 and SIRT5 in ALS which were significant for SIRT1 and SIRT5 mRNA in the spinal cord. Conclusion: Our results indicate a general reduction of SIRT1 and SIRT2 in ALS primary motor cortex, while in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry showed neuron-specific upregulation of SIRT1, SIRT2 and SIRT5, particularly in the spinal cord. Opposed effects have been described for SIRT1 and SIRT2: while SIRT1 activation is mainly associated with neuroprotection, SIRT2 upregulation is toxic to neuronal cells. Novel therapeutic approaches in ALS could therefore target SIRT1 activation or SIRT2 inhibition.
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SIRT1 activity is altered in ALS mouse models and in postmortem ALS tissue, but the direction of the change is disputed.
“SIRT1 activity is altered in mouse models of ALS and in postmortem tissue samples from ALS patients; however, the direction of change has been debated”
From NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Körner et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Körner, S., Böselt, S., Thau, N., Rath, K. J., Dengler, R., & Petri, S.
- Affiliations
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
- Venue
- Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2012-07-10
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 141-152
- ISSN
- 1660-2854 (ISSN-L)
- 1660-2862
- OpenAlex
- W2019656833
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurodegenerative Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, sirtuins, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT5, class III histone deacetylase, motor cortex, spinal cord, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity, gene expression, postmortem brain, ALS therapeutics
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Cortex, Spinal Cord, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Neuroprotective Agents, Sirtuins, Sirtuin 1, Sirtuin 2
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