Measures of Obesity Are Associated With Vascular Stiffness in Young and Older Adults
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic levels and carries a risk for cardiovascular disease. Obesity’s effects on the vascular systems of young adults and African Americans have not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the association between measures of obesity and aortic stiffness in 186 young adults (20 to 40 years, 50% African American) and 177 older adults (41 to 70 years, 33% African American). Aortic stiffness was measured by aortic pulse-wave velocity. The median pulse-wave velocity value was 468 cm/s for young adults and 627 cm/s for older adults ( P <0.001). Higher body weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, and waist-hip ratio were strongly correlated with higher pulse-wave velocity, independent of age, systolic blood pressure, race, and sex overall and among both age groups ( P <0.01 for all). Even among the 20- to 30-year-olds, obese individuals (body mass index>30) had a mean pulse-wave velocity value 47 cm/s higher than did nonobese individuals ( P <0.001). Obesity measures were among the strongest independent predictors of pulse-wave velocity overall and for both age groups. Results were consistent by race. In conclusion, excess body weight is associated with higher aortic stiffness in whites and African Americans as young as 20 to 30 years. The strength of the association, the early age at which it appears, and the prevalence of obesity among the young warn of substantially increased cardiovascular disease incidence as this cohort ages.
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Accelerated vascular stiffening occurs in obesity, leading to increases in pulse wave velocity and systolic blood pressure.
“Accelerated vascular stiffening also occurs in obesity, leading to increases in pulse wave velocity and systolic BP40.”
From Obesity, kidney dysfunction and hypertension: mechanistic links (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
Higher aortic pulse-wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, strongly correlates with increases in BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio independent of systolic blood pressure, race, and sex.
“Moreover, higher aortic pulse-wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, strongly correlates with increases in BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio independent of systolic blood pressure, race, and sex19,20.”
From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [19]
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- Authors
- Wildman, R. P., Mackey, R. H., Bostom, A., Thompson, T., & Sutton-Tyrrell, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- ORCID
- Mackey, Rachel H.
- Venue
- Hypertension
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 468-473
- ISSN
- 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4563
- OpenAlex
- W2091786740
- Cited by
- 441
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 9.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ag014108-05)
- National Institute on Aging (AG14108)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- obesity, vascular stiffness, aortic stiffness, pulse wave velocity, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, African Americans, young adults, older adults, cardiovascular risk, body weight
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aorta, Compliance, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Pulsatile Flow
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