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Cited by 139Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesSodium Intake and HealthNutritional Studies and Diet

Effect of Dietary Patterns on Ambulatory Blood Pressure: Results From the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Trial

Moore, Thomas J., Vollmer, William M., Appel, Lawrence J., Sacks, Frank M., Svetkey, Laura P., Vogt, Thomas M., Conlin, Paul R., Simons-Morton, Denise G. +2 more·1999·Hypertension
DOI 10.1161/01.hyp.34.3.472
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Abstract

Abstract —We measured ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in 354 participants in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Trial to determine the effect of dietary treatment on ABP (24-hour, day and night) and to assess participants’ acceptance of and compliance with the ABP monitoring (ABPM) technique. After a 3-week run-in period on a control “typical” American diet, subjects (diastolic blood pressure [BP], 80 to 95 mm Hg; systolic BP, <160 mm Hg; mean age, 45 years) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 diets for an 8-week intervention period: a continuation of the control diet; a diet rich in fruits and vegetables; and a “combination” diet that emphasized fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. We measured ABP at the end of the run-in and intervention periods. Both the fruit/vegetable and combination diets lowered 24-hour ABP significantly compared with the control diet ( P <0. 0001 for systolic and diastolic pressures on both diets: control diet, −0.2/+0.1 mm Hg; fruit/vegetable diet, −3.2/−1.9 mm Hg; combination diet, −4.6/−2.6 mm Hg). The combination diet lowered pressure during both day and night. Hypertensive subjects had a significantly greater response than normotensives to the combination diet (24-hour ABP, −10.1/−5.5 versus −2.3/−1.6 mm Hg, respectively). After correction for the control diet responses, the magnitude of BP lowering was not significantly different whether measured by ABPM or random-zero sphygmomanometry. Participant acceptance of ABPM was excellent: only 1 participant refused to wear the ABP monitor, and 7 subjects (2%) provided incomplete recordings. These results demonstrate that the DASH combination diet provides significant round-the-clock reduction in BP, especially in hypertensive participants.

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  1. Blumenthal JA, Siegel WC, Appelbaum M. Failure of exercise to reduce blood pressure in patients with mild hypertension. JAMA. 1991;266: 2098 -2104.

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Authors
Moore, T. J., Vollmer, W. M., Appel, L. J., Sacks, F. M., Svetkey, L. P., Vogt, T. M., Conlin, P. R., Simons-Morton, D. G., Carter-Edwards, L., & Harsha, D. W.
Affiliations
  • Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
  • From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital (T.J.M., F.M.S., P.R.C.), Boston, Mass; Merck and Company (T.J.M.), Westwood, Mass; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University (L.J.A.), Baltimore, Md; Duke University Medical Center, Duke Hypertension Center (L.P.S.), Durham, NC; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health (F.M.S.), Boston, Mass; Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research (T.M.V., W.M.V.), Portland, Ore;...
Corresponding author
Moore, Thomas J.
ORCID
Venue
Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1999-09
Volume
34
Issue
3
Pages
472-477
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
DOI
10.1161/01.hyp.34.3.472
OpenAlex
W2096137930
Cited by
139
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
FWCI
3.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (1u01hl050981-01, 5u01hl050968-04, 5u01hl050972-04, RR‐02635)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL50972, HL-50981, RR-02635, HL50968)
  • National Center for Research Resources
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
ambulatory blood pressure, DASH diet, dietary habits, fruit and vegetable intake, low-fat dairy, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, blood pressure reduction
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood Pressure, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Cohort Studies, Treatment Outcome, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory

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