Parity and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Men and Women: Insights Into the Roles of Childbearing and Child-Rearing
Open accessAbstract
Background and Purpose— Parity appears to be associated with carotid atherosclerosis in women aged 45 years and older. Studying this association among younger women and men may provide insight into whether this association relates predominantly to childbearing or child-rearing. Methods— The association between parity and carotid atherosclerosis (intima-media thickness and presence of plaques) was assessed in a cohort consisting of 750 women and 1164 men, all with at least one traditional cardiovascular risk factor, aged 18 to 80 years of age. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were also assessed, and the Framingham Risk Score calculated. Results— In age-adjusted analyses, the number of children was associated with adiposity, fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, Framingham risk score, and carotid atherosclerosis in women, but not in men. Multivariate linear regression models indicate that the prevalence of plaques was increased by 15% (95% CI, 2 to 29) per child among women, and 0% (95% CI, −10 to 11) among men, after adjustment for age, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (including waist circumference). The association between parity and carotid intima-media thickness was similar in younger and older women ( P Heterogeneity =0.20). Conclusions— A higher number of children is associated with increased carotid atherosclerosis in both younger and older women, but not among men. These findings indicate that childbearing, but not child-rearing, may be a risk factor for atherosclerosis, and suggest the potential importance of considering the number of children when assessing the level of cardiovascular risk in women.
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Parity of four or more is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease through an accelerated atherosclerotic process in both younger and older women.
“Parity of four or more is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease through an accelerated atherosclerotic process in both younger and older women”
From Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review (2020) · cites this paper as [148]
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- Authors
- Skilton, M. R., Sérusclat, A., Begg, L. M., Moulin, P., & Bonnet, F.
- Affiliations
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- From the Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute (M.R.S.), Melbourne, Australia; the Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA; M.R.S.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; the Hospices Civils de Lyon (A.S., P.M.), Fédération d’Endocrinologie, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire, Bron, France; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (L.M.B.), Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; the INSERM (P.M.), U870, IFR62, Lyon, INRA, UMR1235, Lyon, INSA-Lyon, RMND,...
- Venue
- Stroke
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1152-1157
- ISSN
- 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4628
- OpenAlex
- W1985674629
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Stroke (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- parity, carotid atherosclerosis, carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, childbearing, parenting, sex differences, cardiovascular risk, women, number of children, adiposity, fasting blood glucose
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carotid Arteries, Carotid Artery Diseases, Child, Child Rearing, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Parity, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Ultrasonography, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Young Adult
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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