The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dry Eye–Induced Conjunctival Epithelial Squamous Metaplasia Is Modulated by Interferon-γ
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of interferon (IFN)-gamma in the pathogenesis of conjunctival squamous metaplasia in dry eye. METHODS: Experimental dry eye was created by subjecting C57BL/6 and IFN-gamma-knockout mice to desiccating environmental stress for 5 or 10 days. T-cell antigens and IFN-gamma were detected by immunohistochemistry. Goblet cells were counted in periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-stained sections. Expression of small, proline-rich protein (SPRR)-2 was evaluated by confocal microscopy. Tear IFN-gamma was measured by immunobead assay. RESULTS: Dry eye promoted migration of CD4+ T cells and IFN-gamma+ cells into goblet cell zones of the conjunctiva and increased the concentration of IFN-gamma in tears. This migration was accompanied by progressive goblet cell loss and an increase in SPRR-2 expression in the conjunctival epithelium. A significant inverse correlation was observed between the density of infiltrating CD4+ T cells and goblet cells. Dry eye had no effect on conjunctival goblet cell density in IFN-gamma-knockout mice; however, exogenous administration of IFN-gamma significantly decreased goblet cell density after 5 days. CONCLUSIONS: Conjunctival epithelial response to experimental dryness is related to the degree of CD4+ T-cell infiltration and the level of IFN-gamma production. These findings suggest that IFN-gamma plays a pivotal role in promoting conjunctival squamous metaplasia in dry eye, and they provide insight into the immune pathogenesis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The cornified envelope: a model of cell death in the skin
Candi, E., Schmidt, R., & Melino, G. (2005) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1619 · Cited by 1,776
Solomon, A., Dursun, D., Liu, Z., Xie, Y., Macrì, A., & Pflugfelder, S. C. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 721
Self-citationPflugfelder, S. C., Jones, D., Ji, Z., Afonso, A., & Monroy, D. (1999) · Current Eye Research · doi:10.1076/ceyr.19.3.201.5309 · Cited by 615
Self-citationLuo, L., Li, D.-Q., Doshi, A., Farley, W., Corrales, R. M., & Pflugfelder, S. C. (2004) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1145 · Cited by 595
Self-citationPflugfelder, S. C., Tseng, S. C. G., Sanabria, O., Kell, H., Garcia, C. G., Felix, C., Feuer, W., & Reis, B. L. (1998) · Cornea · doi:10.1097/00003226-199801000-00007 · Cited by 558
Self-citationDe Paiva, C. S., Corrales, R. M., Villarreal, A. L., Farley, W. J., Li, D.-Q., Stern, M. E., & Pflugfelder, S. C. (2006) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2006.02.004 · Cited by 451
Self-citationCharacterization of Putative Stem Cell Phenotype in Human Limbal Epithelia
Chen, Z., de Paiva, C. S., Luo, L., Kretzer, F. L., Pflugfelder, S. C., & Li, D. (2004) · STEM CELLS · doi:10.1634/stemcells.22-3-355 · Cited by 423
Self-citationKunert, K. S. (2002) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.120.3.330 · Cited by 363
Desiccating Stress Induces T Cell-Mediated Sjögren’s Syndrome-Like Lacrimal Keratoconjunctivitis
Niederkorn, J. Y., Stern, M. E., Pflugfelder, S. C., De Paiva, C. S., Corrales, R. M., Gao, J., & Siemasko, K. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.7.3950 · Cited by 338
Self-citationKunert, K. S. (2000) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.118.11.1489 · Cited by 337
Cited by
Flanagan, J. L., Simmons, P. A., Vehige, J., Willcox, M. D., & Garrett, Q. (2010) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-30 · Cited by 611
“Dry eye is a common disease of the ocular surface that is associated with corneal surface irregularity and blurred vision [155-158].”
BackgroundThe Pathophysiology of Dry Eye Disease
Pflugfelder, S. C., & de Paiva, C. S. (2017) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.07.010 · Cited by 533
Self-citationSheppard, J. D., Singh, R., McClellan, A. J., Weikert, M. P., Scoper, S. V., Joly, T. J., Whitley, W. O., Kakkar, E., & Pflugfelder, S. C. (2013) · Cornea · doi:10.1097/ico.0b013e318299549c · Cited by 81
Self-citationTherapeutic Effect of MK2 Inhibitor on Experimental Murine Dry Eye
Wu, Y., Bu, J., Yang, Y., Lin, X., Cai, X., Huang, C., Zheng, X., Ouyang, W., Li, W., Zhang, X., et al. (2017) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22240 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- De Paiva, C. S., Villarreal, A. L., Corrales, R. M., Rahman, H. T., Chang, V. Y., Farley, W. J., Stern, M. E., Niederkorn, J. Y., Li, D.-Q., & Pflugfelder, S. C.
- Venue
- Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
- Published
- 2007-06-01
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2553
- ISSN
- 0146-0404 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5783
- OpenAlex
- W2049207532
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 11.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Dry Eye–Induced Conjunctival Epithelial Squamous Metaplasia Is Modulated by Interferon-γ. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1167/iovs.07-0069
- The paper
- De Paiva, C. S., Villarreal, A. L., Corrales, R. M., Rahman, H. T., Chang, V. Y., Farley, W. J., Stern, M. E., Niederkorn, J. Y., Li, D.-Q., & Pflugfelder, S. C. (2007). Dry Eye–Induced Conjunctival Epithelial Squamous Metaplasia Is Modulated by Interferon-γ. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.07-0069
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.