Continuous administration of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor in man. Physiological and pathophysiological implications

Schulte, H M; Chrousos, G P; Gold, P W; Booth, J D; Oldfield, E H; Cutler, G B; Loriaux, D L

doi:10.1172/jci111890

Cited by 103Stress Responses and CortisolAdrenal Hormones and DisordersHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

Continuous administration of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor in man. Physiological and pathophysiological implications

Open access

Schulte, H M, Chrousos, G P, Gold, P W, Booth, J D, Oldfield, E H, Cutler, G B, Loriaux, D L·1985·Journal of Clinical Investigation

DOI 10.1172/jci111890PMC PMC425532

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

The continuous 24-h infusion of a maximally stimulating dose (1 micrograms/kg per h) of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in man caused a modest elevation of plasma cortisol (17.2 +/- 1.4 micrograms/dl) and urinary-free cortisol (173 +/- 43 micrograms/24 h) concentrations, which was far less than that seen with a maximally stimulating dose of ACTH (50.4 +/- 2.2 micrograms/dl and 1,200 +/- 94 micrograms/24 h, respectively). The circadian rhythms of plasma ACTH and cortisol were preserved during CRF administration. An intravenous bolus injection of 1 microgram/kg of ovine CRF given to normal volunteers under basal conditions resulted in elevated plasma ACTH and cortisol peak levels (28 +/- 6 pg/ml and 15.0 +/- 1.0 micrograms/dl, respectively). However, no plasma ACTH and cortisol responses were observed when an identical CRF stimulation test was given at the end of the continuous infusion. These findings suggest that the stimulatory activity of exogenous CRF on the ACTH-secreting cells of the pituitary gland is restrained by the negative feedback of cortisol. The persistent circadian rhythm of ACTH, despite a constant level of plasma CRF during the infusion, suggests that the circadian variation in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis cannot be explained solely by circadian periodicity of the endogenous CRF stimulus.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1172/jci111890

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Characterization of a 41-Residue Ovine Hypothalamic Peptide That Stimulates Secretion of Corticotropin and β-Endorphin
Vale, W., Spiess, J., Rivier, C., & Rivier, J. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6267699 · Cited by 3,965 · see citing works
Characterization of a 41-Residue Ovine Hypothalamic Peptide that Stimulates Secretion of Corticotropin and β-Endorphin
Vale, W., Spiess, J., RIVIER, C. L., & Rivier, J. (1982) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-198205000-00013 · Cited by 3,904 · see citing works
Statistical Quality Control and Routine Data Processing for Radioimmunoassays and Immunoradiometric Assays
Rodbard, D. (1974) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/20.10.1255 · Cited by 1,043 · see citing works
Corticotropin releasing activity of the new CRF is potentiated several times by vasopressin
Gillies, G. E., Linton, E. A., & Lowry, P. J. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/299355a0 · Cited by 965 · see citing works
Disrupted 24-hour patterns of cortisol secretion in psychotic depression
Sachar, E. J. (1973) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1973.01750310011002 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
TESTS OF PITUITARY-ADRENAL SUPPRESSIBILITY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CUSHING'S SYNDROME*
Liddle, G. W. (1960) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-20-12-1539 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine Regulation in Depression
Carroll, B. J. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090041003 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine Regulation in Depression
Carroll, B. J. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090029002 · Cited by 622 · see citing works
Effects of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor, glucocorticoids, catecholamines, neurohypophysial peptides, and other substances on cultured corticotropic cells
VALE, W., VAUGHAN, J., SMITH, M., & YAMAMOTO, G. (1983) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-113-3-1121 · Cited by 563 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Synergy with other factors, as suggested by other authors (2-9), or an augmented ACTH response to pulsed rather than continuous endogenous CRFsecretion may account for the higher levels seen in stress.”
Background
Modulation of stress-induced ACTH release by corticotropin-releasing factor, catecholamines and vasopressin
Rivier, C., & Vale, W. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/305325a0 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Psychiatric implications of basic and clinical studies with corticotropin-releasing factor.
Gold, P., Chrousos, G., Kellner, C., Post, R., Roy, A., Augerinos, P., Schulte, H., Oldfield, E., & Loriaux, D. (1984) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.141.5.619 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Self-citation
Interaction of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Arginine Vasopressin on Adrenocorticotropin Secretion in Vivo *
RIVIER, C. L., & Vale, W. (1983) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-113-3-939 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Chemical and Biological Characterization of Corticotropin Releasing Factor
Vale, W. W., RIVIER, C. L., Brown, M. R., SPIES, J., Koob, G. F., Swanson, L. W., Bilezikjian, L. M., Bloom, F. E., & Rivier, J. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-571139-5.50010-0 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
The Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Stimulation Test
Chrousos, G. P., Schulte, H. M., Oldfield, E. H., Gold, P. W., Cutler, G. B., & Loriaux, D. L. (1984) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198403083101004 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Radioimmunoassay for Cortisol in Plasma and Urine
Ruder, H. J., Guy, R. L., & Lipsett, M. B. (1972) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-35-2-219 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Effect of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor. Dose response of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol.
Orth, D. N., Jackson, R. V., DeCherney, G. S., DEBOLD, C. R., ALEXANDER, A. N., Island, D. P., Rivier, J., RIVIER, C. L., Spiess, J., & Vale, W. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci110804 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Human Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Man: Pharmacokinetic Properties and Dose-Response of Plasma Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol Secretion
Schürmeyer, T. H., Avgerinos, P. C., Gold, P. W., Gallucci, W. T., Tomai, T. P., Cutler, G. B., Loriaux, D. L., & Chrousos, G. P. (1984) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-59-6-1103 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citation
Arginine vasopressin potentiates adrenocorticotropin release induced by ovine corticotropin-releasing factor
DeBold, C. R., Sheldon, W. R., DeCherney, G. S., Jackson, R. V., Alexander, A. N., Vale, W., Rivier, J., & Orth, D. N. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111240 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Properties and regulation of high-affinity pituitary receptors for corticotropin-releasing factor
WYNN, P. C., Aguilera, G., Morell, J. L., & Catt, K. J. (1983) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(83)91192-0 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
The adrenocortical response to surgery and insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in corticosteroid-treated and normal subjects
Plumpton, F. S., & Besser, G. M. (1969) · Journal of British Surgery · doi:10.1002/bjs.1800560315 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (Ovine) and Vasopressin Exert a Synergistic Effect on Adrenocorticotropin Release in Man
Lamberts, S. W. J., Verleun, T. M., OOSTEROM, R., de Jong, F. H., & HACKENG, W. H. L. (1984) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-58-2-298 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
PRESENCE OP CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN HYPOPHYSIAL PORTAL BLOOD
Gibbs, D. M., & Vale, W. (1982) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-111-4-1418 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Parallel Radioimmunoassay for Plasma Cortisol and 11-Deoxycortisol
Kao, M., Voina, S. J., Nichols, A., & Horton, R. (1975) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/21.11.1644 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Direct measurement of adrenal secretion during operative trauma and convalescence.
Hume, D. M., Bell, C. C., & Bartter, F. C. (1962) · PubMed · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Influence of the Frequency of Ovine Corticotropin- Releasing Factor Administration on Adrenocorticotropin and Corticosterone Secretion in the Rat*
RIVIER, C. L., & Vale, W. (1983) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-113-4-1422 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Stimulation Test
Elias, A. N., & Gwinup, G. (1984) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198408163110719 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Inhibitory Influence of Exogenous Oxytocin on Adrenocorticotropin Secretion in Normal Human Subjects*
Legros, J., Chiodera, P., & Demey-Ponsart, E. (1982) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-55-6-1035 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor: Pharmacokinetics in Man
Schulte, H. M., Chrousos, G. P., BOOTH, J. D., Oldfield, E. H., Gold, P. W., Cutler, G. B., & Loriaux, D. L. (1984) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-58-1-192 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citation
THE EFFECTS OF CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR ON THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY FUNCTION OF STALK-SECTIONED CYNOMDLGUS MACAQUES: DOSE RESPONSE OF CORTISOL SECRETION
Schulte, H. M., Chrousos, G. P., Oldfield, E. H., Gold, P. W., Cutler, G. B., Loriaux, D. L., & Chrousos, G. P. (1982) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-55-4-810 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citation
Twenty-four-Hour Cortisol Secretory Patterns in Depressed and Manic Patients
Sachar, E. J. (1975) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63647-x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Circadian Cortisol Secretory Rhythms in Cushing's Disease*
BOYAR, R. M., WITKIN, M., CARRUTH, A., & RAMSEY, J. (1979) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-48-5-760 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
ACTH LEVELS IN PLASMA IN PREOPERATIVE AND SURGICALLY STRESSED PATIENTS*
Cooper, C. E., & Nelson, D. H. (1962) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci104618 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Administration in Normal Men
Schulte, H. M., Chrousos, G. P., Oldfield, E. H., Gold, P. W., Cutler, G. B., & LORIAUX, L. D. (2008) · Hormone Research · doi:10.1159/000180028 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citation
Plasma Distribution, Disappearance Half-Time, Metabolic Clearance Rate, and Degradation of Synthetic Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Man*
Nicholson, W. E., DeCherney, G. S., Jackson, R. V., DEBOLD, C. R., Uderman, H. D., ALEXANDER, A. N., Rivier, J., Vale, W., & Orth, D. N. (1983) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-57-6-1263 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Endocrine rhythms (comprehensive endocrinology series)
Farner, D. S. (1980) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(80)90133-1 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Tests of Pituitary-Adrenal Suppressibility in the Diagnosis of Cushing??s Syndrome*???
Liddle, G. W. (2005) · The Endocrinologist · doi:10.1097/01.ten.0000188392.60458.56 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

[10]10. Yates, F. E., and J. W. Maran. 1974. Handbook of Physiology, Section 7, Endocrinology IV, part 2, Washington, D. C. American Physiological Society, pp. 367-404.

Sorted by citations

Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression
Gold, P. W., Goodwin, F. K., & Chrousos, G. P. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198808183190706 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Self-citation
Responses to Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Hypercortisolism of Depression and Cushing's Disease
Gold, P. W., Loriaux, D. L., Roy, A., Kling, M. A., Calabrese, J. R., Kellner, C. H., Nieman, L. K., Post, R. M., Pickar, D., Gallucci, W. T., et al. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198605223142101 · Cited by 766 · see citing works
Self-citation
Recombinant interleukin-6 activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in humans.
Mastorakos, G., Chrousos, G. P., & Weber, J. S. (1993) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.77.6.8263159 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Self-citation
Abnormal Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Function in Anorexia Nervosa
Gold, P. W., Gwirtsman, H. E., Avgerinos, P. C., Nieman, L. K., Gallucci, W. T., Kaye, W. H., Jimerson, D. C., Ebert, M. H., Rittmaster, R. S., Loriaux, D. L., et al. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198605223142102 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Self-citation
Diurnal salivary cortisol patterns during pregnancy and after delivery: relationship to plasma corticotrophin-releasing-hormone
ALLOLIO, B., HOFFMANN, J., LINTON, E. A., WINKELMANN, W., KUSCHE, M., & SCHULTE, H. M. (1990) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1990.tb00492.x · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citation
Motivations and Methods for Analyzing Pulsatile Hormone Secretion
Veldhuis, J. D., Keenan, D. M., & Pincus, S. M. (2008) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2008-0005 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Cushing's disease
BERTAGNA, X. Y., Guignat, L., Groussin, L., & Bertherat, J. Y. (2009) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.001 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
A Review of Hormonal Findings in Cluster Headache. Evidence for Hypothalamic Involvement
Leone, M., & Bussone, G. (1993) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1046/j.1468-2982.1993.1305309.x · Cited by 215 · see citing works
The corticotrophin releasing hormone test in late pregnancy: lack of adrenocorticotrophin and cortisol response
SCHULTE, H. M., WEISNER, D., & ALLOLIO, B. (1990) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1990.tb00470.x · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citation
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in the Pathophysiology of Melancholic and Atypical Depression and in the Mechanism of Action of Antidepressant Drugs
Gold, P. W., Licinio, J., Wong, M., & Chrousos, G. P. (1995) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44723.x · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Search for Safer Glucocorticoid Receptor Ligands
Rosen, J., & Miner, J. N. (2005) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2005-0002 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Regulation and Dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: The Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Perspective
Chrousos, G. P. (1992) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30191-9 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citation
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
Taylor, A. L., & Fishman, L. M. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198807283190405 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Endogenous Opioid Peptides Modulate the Effect of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor on Gonadotropin Release in the Primate*
Gindoff, P. R., & Ferin, M. (1987) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-121-3-837 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Abnormal Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Patients with Seasonal Affective Disorder: Clinical and Pathophysiological Implications
Joseph-Vanderpool, J. R., Rosenthal, N. E., Chrousos, G. P., Wehr, T. A., Skwerer, R. G., Kasper, S. F., & Gold, P. W. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-72-6-1382 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citation
Clinical and biochemical aspects of depressive disorders: II. Transmitter/receptor theories
Caldecott-Hazard, S., Morgan, D., DeLeon-Jones, F. A., Overstreet, D. H., & Janowsky, D. S. (1991) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.890090404 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Peripheral corticotropin-releasing hormone and urocortin in the control of the immune response
Baigent, S. (2001) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(01)00395-3 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Impaired diurnal adrenal rhythmicity restored by constant infusion of corticotropin-releasing hormone in corticotropin-releasing hormone-deficient mice.
Muglia, L. J., Jacobson, L., Weninger, S. C., Luedke, C. E., Bae, D. S., Jeong, K. H., & Majzoub, J. A. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119487 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
The role of Corticotropin Releasing Factor in Depressive Illness: a Critical Review
Mitchell, A. J. (1998) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(97)00059-6 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Enhanced Adrenal Sensitivity to Exogenous Cosyntropin (ACTH α1-24) Stimulation in Major Depression
Jaeckle, R. S. (1987) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800150041006 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Clonal origins of adrenocorticotropin-secreting pituitary tissue in Cushing's disease
Biller, B. M. K., Alexander, J. M., Zervas, N. T., Hedley‐Whyte, E. T., Arnold, A., & Klibanski, A. (1992) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.75.5.1358909 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Placental corticotropin-releasing hormone may be a stimulator of maternal pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in humans.
Sasaki, A., Shinkawa, O., & YOSHINAGA, K. (1989) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114390 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Vasopressin stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) in humans. In vivo bioassay of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) which provides evidence for CRF mediation of the diurnal rhythm of ACTH
Salata, R. A., Jarrett, D. B., Verbalis, J. G., & Robinson, A. G. (1988) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113382 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Editorial: Ultradian, circadian, and stress–related hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity–a dynamic digital–to–analog Modulation
Chrousos, G. P. (1998) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.139.2.5857 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citation
The pituitary corticotroph is not the rate limiting step in the postoperative recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with Cushing syndrome
Gomez, M. T., Magiakou, M. A., Mastorakos, G. P., & Chrousos, G. P. (1993) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.77.1.8392083 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citation
CRH Deficiency Impairs but Does Not Block Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Diverse Stressors
Jacobson, L., Muglia, L. J., Weninger, S. C., Pacák, K., & Majzoub, J. A. (2000) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000054524 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Placental corticotropin-releasing hormone and the hypercortisolism of pregnancy
Goland, R., Jozak, S., & Conwell, I. M. (1994) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(94)90149-x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Effect of desipramine on cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of corticotropin-releasing factor in human subjects
Veith, R. C., Lewis, N., Langohr, J. I., Murburg, M. M., Ashleigh, E. A., Castillo, S., Peskind, E. R., Pascualy, M., Bissette, G., Nemeroff, C. B., et al. (1993) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(93)90002-x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Fasting Alters Pulsatile and Rhythmic Cortisol Release in Normal Man*
VANCE, M. L., & THORNER, M. O. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-68-6-1013 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Hypothesis: Cytokines may be activated to cause depressive illness and chronic fatigue syndrome
Ur, E., White, P. D., & Grossman, A. B. (1992) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/bf02195983 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
New and improved glucocorticoid receptor ligands
Miner, J. N., Hong, M. H., & Negro-Vilar, A. F. (2005) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1517/13543784.14.12.1527 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Placental CRH Modulates Maternal Pituitary‐Adrenal Function in Human Pregnancya
Wadhwa, P. D., Sandman, C. A., Chicz-DeMet, A., & Porto, M. (1997) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb46163.x · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Corticotropin and Cortisol Response to Human CRH as a probe for HPA system integrity in major depressive disorder
Lesch, K., Laux, G., Schulte, H. M., Pfüller, H., & Beckmann, H. (1988) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(88)90136-9 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citation
Corticotropin-releasing factor neurotransmission in locus coeruleus: A possible site of antidepressant action
Curtis, A. L., & Valentino, R. J. (1994) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)90172-4 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
ACTH and cortisol responses to CRH in acute, subacute, and prolonged critical illness: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover cohort study
Peeters, B., Meersseman, P., Perre, S. V., Wouters, P. J., Debaveye, Y. A., Langouche, L., & den Berghe, G. V. (2018) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-018-5427-y · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Pulsatile activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during major surgery
Calogero, A. E., Norton, J. A., Sheppard, B. C., Listwak, S. J., Cromack, D. T., Wall, R. T., Jensen, R. T., & Chrousos, G. P. (1992) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(92)90164-6 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citation
Food and the circadian activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Leal, A. M. O., & Moreira, A. C. (1997) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/s0100-879x1997001200003 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Corticotropin Secretory Dynamics in Humans under Low Glucocorticoid Feedback
Veldhuis, J. D., Iranmanesh, A., Naftolowitz, D. F., Tatham, N. E., Cassidy, F., & Carroll, B. J. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.11.8046 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
A Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist
Miner, J. N., Tyree, C. M., Hu, J., Berger, E., Marschke, K. B., Nakane, M., Coghlan, M. J., Clemm, D., Lane, B. C., & Rosen, J. (2003) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2002-0010 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The assessment of abnormalities in hormonal responsiveness at multiple levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in depressive illness
Amsterdam, J. D., Maislin, G., Gold, P. W., & Winokur, A. (1989) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(89)90055-3 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citation
10 Neuroendocrinology of the hypothalamo—pituitary—adrenal axis in pregnancy and the puerperium
Smith, R., & Thomson, M. (1991) · Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(05)80102-8 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Neurobiological aspects of the chronic fatigue syndrome
Bearn, J., & Wessely, S. C. (1994) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1994.tb00971.x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin-releasing hormone in depression: Relationship to noradrenergic function
Roy, A., Pickar, D., Linnoila, M., Chrousos, G. P., & Gold, P. W. (1987) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(87)90083-7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation
Characterization and Regulation of Corticotropin‐Releasing Factor Receptors in the Central Nervous, Endocrine and Immune Systems
Grigoriadis, D. E., Heroux, J. A., & Souza, E. B. D. (2007) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470514368.ch5 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Abnormal ACTH and cortisol responses to ovine corticotropin releasing factor in patients with primary affective disorder
Gold, P. W., Calabkese, J. R., Kling, M. A., Avgerinos, P., Khan, I., Gallucci, W. T., Tomai, T. P., & Chrousos, G. P. (1986) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0278-5846(86)90044-8 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citation
Steroid-Sparing Effect of Corticorelin Acetate in Peritumoral Cerebral Edema Is Associated With Improvement in Steroid-Induced Myopathy
Recht, L. D., Mechtler, L. L., Wong, E. T., O'Connor, P. C., & Rodda, B. E. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2012.43.9455 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The Peripheral CRH/Urocortin System
Bamberger, C. M., & Bamberger, A. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05395.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Abnormalities in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Axis in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure
Luger, A., Lang, I. M., Kovařík, J., Stummvoll, H. K., & Templ, H. (1987) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1016/s0272-6386(87)80161-0 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Diurnal rhythm of plasma immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing factor in normal subjects
Watabe, T., TANAKA, K., Kumagae, M., Itoh, S., HASEGAWA, M., Horiuchi, T., Miyabe, S., Ohno, H., & Shimizu, N. (1987) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(87)90013-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Case 52-1987
Cabot, R. C., Scully, R. E., Mark, E. J., McNeely, W. F., & McNeely, B. U. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198712243172608 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Effects of the Immune/Inflammatory Reaction on the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis
Mastorakos, G. P., Magiakou, M. A., & Chrousos, G. P. (1995) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44700.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Kinetic Actions and Interactions of Arginine Vasopressin, Angiotensin-II, and Oxytocin on Adrenocorticotropin Secretion by Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells in the Microperifusion System*
Watanabe, T., Oki, Y., & Orth, D. N. (1989) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-125-4-1921 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Endocrine responses to growth hormone‐releasing hormone, thyrotropin‐releasing hormone and corticotropin‐releasing hormone in depression
Lesch, K., Müller, U., Rupprecht, R., Kruse, K., & Schulte, H. M. (1989) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10308.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Assessment of stimulated and spontaneous adrenocorticotropin secretory dynamics identifies distinct components of cortisol feedback inhibition in healthy humans
Dorin, R. I., Ferries, L., Roberts, B. K., Qualls, C., Veldhuis, J. D., & Lisansky, E. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.11.8923833 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol Responses to Vasopressin during Pregnancy*
Goland, R., Wardlaw, S. L., MacCarter, G. D., Warren, W. B., & Stark, R. I. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-73-2-257 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Psychoneuroendocrine research in depression
Rupprecht, R., & Lesch, K. (1989) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/bf01258628 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
New insights into the molecular mechanisms of stress
Reisine, T., Affolter, H., Rougon, G. N., & Barbet, J. (1986) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(86)90180-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Expression of urocortin in rat lung and its effect on pulmonary vascular permeability
Wu, Y., Xu, Y., Zhou, H., Tao, J., & Li, S. (2006) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.1.06607 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Response to Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone during Pregnancy in the Baboon*
Goland, R., Stark, R. I., & Wardlaw, S. L. (1990) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-70-4-925 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Classification of polycystic ovary syndrome into three types according to response to human corticotropin-releasing hormone
Kondoh, Y., Uemura, T., Ishikawa, M., Yokoi, N., & Hirahara, F. (1999) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00195-8 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Pathogenesis of Pituitary Cushing’s Syndrome: Pituitary Versus Hypothalamic
Biller, B. M. K. (1994) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30083-5 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The Insulin Tolerance Test and the Ovine Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone Test in Episodic Cluster Headache
Leone, M., Zappacosta, B., Valentini, S., Colangelo, A. M., & Bussone, G. (1991) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1046/j.1468-2982.1991.1106269.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The Regulation of Hypothalamic Corticotropin‐Releasing Factor Release: In Vitro Studies
Grossman, A. B., Costa, A. C., Navarra, P., & Tsagarakis, S. (2007) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470514368.ch7 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Psychoneuroendocrine research in depression
Lesch, K., & Rupprecht, R. (1989) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/bf01258629 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine and Immunological Responses of Women to Stress
Caudell, K. A., & Gallucci, B. B. (1995) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/019394599501700607 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Effects of Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone on Adrenocorticotropin Secretion in the Absence of Glucocorticoid Feedback Inhibition in Man*
DEBOLD, C. R., Jackson, R. V., Kamilaris, T. C., SHELDON, W. R., DeCherney, G. S., Island, D. P., & Orth, D. N. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-68-2-431 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Prolonged Pulsatile Administration of Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Normal Man*
Désir, D., Cauter, E. V., BEYLOOS, M., Bosson, D., GOLSTEIN, J., & Copinschi, G. (1986) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-63-6-1292 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMAN CORTICOTROPHIN‐RELEASING HORMONE AND PRO‐OPIOMELANOCORTIN‐RELATED PEPTIDES IN A THYMIC CARCINOID TUMOUR RESPONSIBLE FOR CUSHING'S SYNDROME
Raux-Demay, M. C., Proeschel, M. F., de Keyzer, Y., BERTAGNA, X. Y., LUTON, J. P., & Girard, F. (1988) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1988.tb03713.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Stress-responsive neuromodulators
Gold, P. W. (1988) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(88)90172-2 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Insulin Tolerance Test and Ovine Corticotrophin-Releasing-Hormone Test in Episodic Cluster Headache II: Comparison With Low Back Pain Patients
Leone, M., Maltempo, C., Gritti, A., & Bussone, G. (1994) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1405357.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Responsiveness of Hypophyseal-Adrenocortical Axis to Repetitive Administration of Synthetic Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Patients with Isolated Adrenocorticotropin Deficiency*
KOIDE, Y., Kimura, S., Inoue, S., Ikeda, M., Uchida, K., ANDO, J., Shimizu, A., ODA, K., Itakura, M., NABESHIMA, I., et al. (1986) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-63-2-329 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
CORTICOTROPHIN RELEASING FACTOR IN MAN AND ITS MEASUREMENT: A REVIEW
Linton, E. A., & Lowry, P. J. (1989) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb01246.x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Safety and side effects of human and ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone administration in man
Nink, M., Krause, U., Lehnert, H., & Beyer, J. (1991) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01646939 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Clinical Implications of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
Gold, P. W., Kling, M. A., Whitfield, H. J., Rabin, D. S., Margioris, A. N., Kalogeras, K. T., Demitrack, M. A., Loriaux, D. L., & Chrousos, G. P. (1988) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2064-5_38 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citation
Stress, the Hypothalamic—Pituitary—Adrenal Axis, and Depression
Ritchie, J., & Nemeroff, C. B. (1991) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-482490-4.50013-4 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Corticotropin-releasing factor secretion from dendritic cells stimulated by commensal bacteria
Hojo, M. (2011) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i35.4017 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Glucocorticoids and Mineralocorticoids
Craigie, E., Mullins, J. J., & Bailey, M. A. (2008) · doi:10.1002/9783527626236.ch1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Stress Responses and the Pathogenesis of Arthritis
Sternberg, E. M., Chrousos, G. P., Wilder, R. L., & Gold, P. W. (1991) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-482490-4.50018-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citation
Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in postnatal life
Vázquez, D. M., & Levine, S. D. (2005) · Techniques in the behavioral and neural sciences · doi:10.1016/s0921-0709(05)80047-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Corticotropin-releasing factor and adrenal function in major depression
Nerozzi, D., Bersani, G., Melia, E., Magnani, A., Antonozzi, I., & Frajese, G. (1988) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/bf03350921 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
What is the cause of Cushing's disease?
Grossman, A. B. (1992) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02244.x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
6 Psychological aspects of hypothalamo—pituitary—adrenal activity
Ehud, U. (1991) · Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(05)80098-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
ACTH and glucocorticoid responses under two conditions of stress in macaques
Clarke, A. S. (1991) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.1350250205 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Abnormal Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Function in Anorexia Nervosa
(1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198701223160414 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Regulation of Pulsatile and Entropic ACTH Secretion Under Fixed Exogenous Secretagogue Clamps
Roelfsema, F., Aoun, P., Takahashi, P. Y., Erickson, D., Yang, R., & Veldhuis, J. D. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2017-00115 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Corticorelin acetate, a synthetic corticotropin-releasing factor with preclinical antitumor activity, alone and with bevacizumab, against human solid tumor models
Gamez, I., Ryan, R. P., Reid, L. D., Routt, S. M., & Hollister, B. A. (2010) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00280-010-1437-3 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
21-Hydroxy-6,19-epoxyprogesterone: A Promising Therapeutic Agent and a Molecular Tool for Deciphering Glucocorticoid Action
Pecci, A., Álvarez, L. D., Presman, D. M., & Burton, G. (2016) · Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1389557516666160118112313 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Cushing Disease
Newell-Price, J. D. C. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804169-7.00017-9 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Regulation and Actions of Corticotropin‐Releasing Hormone
Weninger, S. C., & Majzoub, J. A. (2001) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp070406 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Der Corticotropin-Releasing-Hormone-Test bei endogener Depression
Lesch, K., Laux, G., Schulte, H. M., Pfüller, H., & Beckmann, H. (1988) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72922-5_56 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
Neurohormones in Depression and Anxiety
Altemus, M. M., & Gold, P. W. (1993) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-631330-7.50017-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
Diurnal rhythms of proopiomelanocortin-derived N-terminal peptide, .BETA.-lipotropin, .BETA.-endorphin and adrenocorticotropin in normal subjects and in patients with Addison's disease and Cushing's disease.
Sekiya, K., Nawata, H., KATO, K.-I., MOTOMATSU, T., & Ibayashi, H. (1986) · Endocrinologia Japonica · doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.33.713 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Neuroendocrinology of Anorexia Nervosa
Devlin, M. J., & Walsh, B. T. (1988) · Current topics in neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72738-2_12 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cushing's disease
BERTAGNA, X. Y., Guignat, L., Raux-Demay, M. C., Guilhaume, B., & Girard, F. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-380926-1.10016-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Adrenocorticotropin and cortisol response to lysine vasopressin in relation to the outcome of the dexamethasone suppression test in major depressive disorder
Akner, G., Ljunggren, J. ‐., Kjellman, B., Undén, F., & Wetterberg, L. (1988) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb05142.x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Corticotropin-Releasing Factors
Nieman, L. K., Loriaux, D. L., & Chrousos, G. P. (1989) · E&M. Endocrinology and metabolism · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3480-7_2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
ACTH
Dorin, R. I., & Crapo, L. M. (1997) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3954-3_8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Response of Normal Humans to Graded Boluses of Vasopressin to Release ACTH Provides an In‐vivo Bioassay of Endogenous CRF and Evidence for a Diurnal Rhythm of CRF Secretion
ROBINSON, A. G., Roberts, M., & Jarrett, D. B. (1987) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb24986.x
Corticotropin Releasing Factor (Hormone): Physiological and Clinical Implications
Chrousos, G. P., Udelsman, R., Gold, P. W., Margioris, A. N., Oldfield, E. H., Schürmeyer, T. H., Schulte, H. M., Doppman, J. L., & Loriaux, D. L. (1989) · Neuroendocrine perspectives · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3554-5_2
Self-citation
Chapter 6 Psychological aspects of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity
Ur, E. (2000) · Principles of medical biology · doi:10.1016/s1569-2582(00)80008-2

Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Administration in Normal Men
Schulte, H. M., Chrousos, G. P., Oldfield, E. H., Gold, P. W., Cutler, G. B., & LORIAUX, L. D. (2008) · Hormone Research · doi:10.1159/000180028 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effect of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor: prolonged duration of action and biphasic response of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol
DEBOLD, C. R., DECHERNEY, G. S., JACKSON, R. V., SHELDON, W. R., ALEXANDER, A. N., ISLAND, D. P., RIVIER, J., VALE, W., & ORTH, D. N. (1983) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-57-2-294 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Effect of Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor on Circadian Corticosterone Rhythm in the Rat.
Miyanaga, K., Miyabo, S., & Ooya, E. (1990) · Endocrinologia Japonica · doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.37.1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Effect of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor. Dose response of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol.
Orth, D. N., Jackson, R. V., DeCherney, G. S., DEBOLD, C. R., ALEXANDER, A. N., Island, D. P., Rivier, J., RIVIER, C. L., Spiess, J., & Vale, W. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci110804 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Continuous Administration of Human Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Absence of Glucocorticoid Feedback in Man
Ur, E., Capstick, C., McLoughlin, L., Checkley, S. A., BESSER, G. M., & Grossman, A. B. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000126840 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Authors: Schulte, H. M., Chrousos, G. P., Gold, P. W., Booth, J. D., Oldfield, E. H., Cutler, G. B., & Loriaux, D. L.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
ORCID: Chrousos, G P
Gold, P W
Cutler, G B
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 1985-06-01
Volume: 75
Issue: 6
Pages: 1781-1785
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci111890
PMC: PMC425532
OpenAlex: W2079168311
Semantic Scholar: d8393d0a8716751e9308c2905547bd157a4dff83
Cited by: 103
References: 36
Citations by year: 2022: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 3.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords: corticotropin-releasing factor, ovine CRF, continuous infusion, ACTH secretion, cortisol, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, negative feedback, circadian rhythm, ACTH stimulation test
MeSH terms: Adrenal Glands, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Cushing Syndrome, Female, Hormones, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Middle Aged, Secretory Rate, Sheep

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Continuous administration of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor in man. Physiological and pathophysiological implications

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks