Cited by 259Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsPancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Management and Research

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Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians. Analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors.

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Clausen, J O, Borch-Johnsen, K, Ibsen, H, Bergman, R N, Hougaard, P, Winther, K, Pedersen, O·1996·Journal of Clinical Investigation

DOI 10.1172/jci118903PMC PMC507542

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion are traits that are both genetically and environmentally determined. AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of the insulin sensitivity index (Si), the acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness (Sg) in young healthy Caucasians and to estimate the relative impact of anthropometric and environmental determinants on these variables. METHODS: The material included 380 unrelated Caucasian subjects (18-32 yr) with measurement of Si, Sg and insulin secretion during a combined intravenous glucose (0.3 grams/kg body weight) and tolbutamide (3 mg/kg body weight) tolerance test. RESULTS: The distributions of Si and acute insulin response were skewed to the right, whereas the distribution of Sg was Gaussian distributed. Sg was 15% higher in women compared with men (P < 0.001). Waist circumference, body mass index, maximal aerobic capacity, and women's use of oral contraceptives were the most important determinants of Si. Approximately one-third of the variation of Si could be explained by these factors. Compared with individuals in the upper four-fifths of the distribution of Si, subjects with Si in the lowest fifth had higher waist circumference, higher blood pressure, lower VO2max, and lower glucose tolerance and fasting dyslipidemia and dysfibrinolysis. Only 10% of the variation in acute insulin response could be explained by measured determinants. CONCLUSION: Estimates of body fat, maximal aerobic capacity, and women's use of oral contraceptives explain about one-third of the variation in Si in a population-based sample of young healthy Caucasians.

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Authors: Clausen, J. O., Borch-Johnsen, K., Ibsen, H., Bergman, R. N., Hougaard, P., Winther, K., & Pedersen, O.
Affiliations: University of Copenhagen (DK)
University of Southern California (US)
Novo Nordisk (Denmark) (DK)
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (DK)
ORCID: Bergman, R N
Winther, K
Pedersen, O
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 1996-09-01
Volume: 98
Issue: 5
Pages: 1195-1209
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci118903
PMC: PMC507542
OpenAlex: W2070800088
Cited by: 259
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 9.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Bristol-Myers Squibb
Hjerteforeningen
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
Frimodt-Heineke Fonden
Diabetesforeningen
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK029867, DK29867)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, glucose effectiveness, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, fat mass, waist circumference, body mass index, maximal aerobic capacity, physical fitness, oral contraceptives, sex differences, lifestyle factors, healthy young adults, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, glucose tolerance
MeSH terms: Insulin Secretion, Adolescent, Adult, Arteriosclerosis, Demography, Denmark, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Life Style, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Physical Fitness, Sex Characteristics, Epidemiologic Factors, Body Mass Index, Statistics, Nonparametric, White People

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Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians. Analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors.

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