Astrocytic tight junctions control inflammatory CNS lesion pathogenesis
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Lesions and neurologic disability in inflammatory CNS diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) result from the translocation of leukocytes and humoral factors from the vasculature, first across the endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB) and then across the astrocytic glia limitans (GL). Factors secreted by reactive astrocytes open the BBB by disrupting endothelial tight junctions (TJs), but the mechanisms that control access across the GL are unknown. Here, we report that in inflammatory lesions, a second barrier composed of reactive astrocyte TJs of claudin 1 (CLDN1), CLDN4, and junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) subunits is induced at the GL. In a human coculture model, CLDN4-deficient astrocytes were unable to control lymphocyte segregation. In models of CNS inflammation and MS, mice with astrocyte-specific Cldn4 deletion displayed exacerbated leukocyte and humoral infiltration, neuropathology, motor disability, and mortality. These findings identify a second inducible barrier to CNS entry at the GL. This barrier may be therapeutically targetable in inflammatory CNS disease.
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The glia limitans and basement membranes create a barrier between circulating components of the immune system and the CNS parenchyma, a division that is integral to the neuroimmune axis.
“The glia limitans and basement membranes also create a barrier between circulating components of the immune system and the CNS parenchyma, a division that is integral to the neuroimmune axis (42).”
From The anatomy and immunology of vasculature in the central nervous system (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Horng, S., Therattil, A., Moyon, S., Gordon, A., Kim, K., Argaw, A. T., Hara, Y., Mariani, J. N., Sawai, S., Flodby, P., Crandall, E. D., Borok, Z., Sofroniew, M. V., Chapouly, C., & John, G. R.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2017-07-24
- Volume
- 127
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3136-3151
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-8238
- PMC
- PMC5531407
- OpenAlex
- W2737157719
- Cited by
- 221
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 11.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL AMU (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation
- Hastings Foundation
- Beker Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL119165, R01HL126877, U01HL108634, R01HL112638)
- National Cancer Institute (R24CA095823)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS062703, R25NS079102, R01NS084030, R01NS085103)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- glia limitans, multiple sclerosis, blood-brain barrier, claudin-4, claudin-1, JAM-A, reactive astrocytes, leukocyte transmigration, neuroinflammation, motor impairment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Blood-Brain Barrier, Central Nervous System, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Multiple Sclerosis, Nervous System Diseases, Receptors, Cell Surface, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Cytokines, Mice, Knockout, Coculture Techniques, Tight Junctions, Mice, Claudin-1, Claudin-4
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