Ventral Striatum Functional Connectivity as a Predictor of Adolescent Depressive Disorder in a Longitudinal Community-Based Sample
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have implicated aberrant reward processing in the pathogenesis of adolescent depression. However, no study has used functional connectivity within a distributed reward network, assessed using resting-state functional MRI (fMRI), to predict the onset of depression in adolescents. This study used reward network-based functional connectivity at baseline to predict depressive disorder at follow-up in a community sample of adolescents. METHOD: A total of 637 children 6-12 years old underwent resting-state fMRI. Discovery and replication analyses tested intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) among nodes of a putative reward network. Logistic regression tested whether striatal node strength, a measure of reward-related iFC, predicted onset of a depressive disorder at 3-year follow-up. Further analyses investigated the specificity of this prediction. RESULTS: Increased left ventral striatum node strength predicted increased risk for future depressive disorder (odds ratio=1.54, 95% CI=1.09-2.18), even after excluding participants who had depressive disorders at baseline (odds ratio=1.52, 95% CI=1.05-2.20). Among 11 reward-network nodes, only the left ventral striatum significantly predicted depression. Striatal node strength did not predict other common adolescent psychopathology, such as anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and substance use. CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant ventral striatum functional connectivity specifically predicts future risk for depressive disorder. This finding further emphasizes the need to understand how brain reward networks contribute to youth depression.
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Across studies, over-recruitment of prefrontal cortex regions, including medial prefrontal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, during reward processing has been interpreted as suggesting over-compensation for reduced striatal responses to rewards.
“Across studies, over-recruitment of PFC regions (mPFC, dlPFC) during reward processing has been interpreted as suggesting over-compensation for reduced striatal responses to rewards [104, 111, 112].”
From Prefrontal cortex and depression (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThis metric did not predict the emergence of ADHD, anxiety or substance abuse over the same time period.
“Highlighting specificity, this metric did not predict the emergence of ADHD, anxiety or substance abuse over the same time period.”
From Prefrontal cortex and depression (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
The Results (Specificity Analyses) report that left ventral striatum node strength was not associated with anxiety disorders, ADHD, or any substance use at the three-year follow-up. The paper measured any reported alcohol, tobacco, or drug use—not a diagnosis of substance abuse—so that part of the claim is more specific than the evidence supports. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn a community-based sample of 6-12 years children, rsFC strength between the ventral striatum and other reward-related regions (vmPFC, dACC, VTA) predicted the new onset of depressive disorder 3 years later.
“Critically, in a community-based sample of 6-12 years children (N = 637), rsFC strength between the ventral striatum and other reward-related regions (vmPFC, dACC, VTA) predicted the new onset of depressive disorder 3 years later [112].”
From Prefrontal cortex and depression (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
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Frässle, S., Marquand, A. F., Schmaal, L., Dinga, R., Veltman, D. J., van der Wee, N. J. A., van Tol, M., Schöbi, D., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & Stephan, K. E. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102213 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Transdiagnostic neuroimaging of reward system phenotypes in ADHD and comorbid disorders
Grimm, O., van Rooij, D., Hoogman, M., Klein, M., Buitelaar, J. K., Franke, B., Reif, A., & Plichta, M. M. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.025 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“…depression section, a large-scale longitudinal study in a childhood community sample showed that increased left ventral striatum node strength predicted increased risk for future depressive disorder, whereas striatal node strength did not predict ADHD or substance use disorder (Pan et al., 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialAmygdala Nuclei Volume and Shape in Military Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Morey, R. A., Clarke‐Rubright, E. K., Haswell, C. C., Phillips, R., Clausen, A. N., Mufford, M. S., Saygin, Z. M., Brancu, M., Beckham, J. C., Calhoun, P. S., et al. (2019) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.11.016 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“Addressing these questions will require data from large-scale prospective longitudinal studies, such as AURORA (56) and the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort (57).”
BackgroundEckstrand, K. L., Forbes, E. E., Bertocci, M. A., Chase, H. W., Greenberg, T., Lockovich, J., Stiffler, R., Aslam, H. A., Graur, S., Bebko, G., et al. (2019) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0864 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Resting State Functional Connectivity Biomarkers of Treatment Response in Mood Disorders: A Review
Taylor, J. J., Kurt, H. G., & Anand, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.565136 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“Whereas, decreased RSFC has been linked to unipolar depression (106, 107), increased RSFC has been linked to bipolar disorder (108).”
BackgroundPornpattananangkul, N., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Stringaris, A. K. (2019) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0020 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationRetractedStress to inflammation and anhedonia: Mechanistic insights from preclinical and clinical models
Boyle, C. C., Bower, J. E., Eisenberger, N. I., & Irwin, M. R. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105307 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Cernasov, P., Walsh, E. C., Kinard, J. L., Kelley, L., Phillips, R., Pisoni, A., Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Arnold, M., Lowery, S., Ammirato, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.054 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Longitudinal Trajectory of the Link Between Ventral Striatum and Depression in Adolescence
Pan, P. M., Sato, J. R., Martinot, M. P., Martinot, J., Eric Artiges, A., Penttilä, J., Grimmer, Y., van Noort, B. M., Becker, A., Banaschewski, T., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20081180 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Potential of KCNQ Potassium Channel Openers as Novel Antidepressants
Costi, S., Han, M., & Murrough, J. W. (2022) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-021-00885-y · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Further, alterations in reward processing have been associated with an increased risk for depression [67] with a recent study suggesting that increased connectivity of the VS predicts MDD [68], in accordance with animal studies that highlight that role of the reward circuit in the pathophysiology of MDD [29].”
ResultMcCutcheon, R. A., Bloomfield, M. A. P., Dahoun, T., Mehta, M., & Howes, O. D. (2019) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.011 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Increased functional connectivity of the ventral striatum in has also been linked to an increased risk of subsequently developing depression (Pan et al., 2017), although findings in those with the established disorder have been inconsistent (Furman et al.”
Rudolph, K., Davis, M. M., Skymba, H. V., Modi, H. H., & Telzer, E. (2020) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100903 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Shi, J., Geng, J., Yan, R., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Zhu, R., Wang, X., Shao, J., Bi, K., Xiao, M., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02586 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Disrupted Regional Homogeneity in Melancholic and Non-melancholic Major Depressive Disorder at Rest
Yan, M., He, Y., Cui, X., Liu, F., Li, H., Huang, R., Tang, Y., Chen, J., Zhao, J., Xie, G., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.618805 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Ho, T. C., Shah, R., Mishra, J., May, A. C., & Tapert, S. F. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13608 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Xiang, Q., Chen, K., Peng, L., Luo, J., Jiang, J., Chen, Y., Lan, L., Song, H., & Zhou, X. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.020 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Ho, T. C., Teresi, G. I., Ojha, A., Walker, J. C., Kirshenbaum, J. S., Singh, M. K., & Gotlib, I. H. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.046 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Giocondo, J. G., Salum, G. A., Gadelha, A., Argôlo, F. C., Simioni, A., Mari, J. D. J., Miguel, E. C., Bressan, R. A., Rohde, L. A., & Pan, P. M. (2021) · Schizophrenia Bulletin Open · doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgab028 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“29 Measures Common Mental Disorders .”
Self-citationBarber, A. D., Sarpal, D. K., John, M., Fales, C. L., Mostofsky, S. H., Malhotra, A. K., Karlsgodt, K. H., & Lencz, T. (2019) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.01.024 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Ambrasė, A., Lewis, C. A., Barth, C., & Derntl, B. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100873 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Wang, K., He, Q., Zhu, X., Hu, Y., Yao, Y., Hommel, B., Beste, C., Liu, J., Yang, Y., & Zhang, W. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.014 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Ma, Y., Guo, C., Luo, Y., Gao, S., Sun, J., Chen, Q., Lv, X., Cao, J., Zhang, L., & Fang, J. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.085 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Exploring causal mechanisms of psychosis risk
Oliver, D., Chesney, E., Cullen, A. E., Davies, C., Englund, A., Gifford, G., Kerins, S., Lalousis, P. A., Logeswaran, Y., Merritt, K., et al. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105699 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“…striatal activity while anticipating reward is associated with anhedonia (Morgan et al., 2013; Stringaris et al., 2015) and may result in compensatory medial and dorsolateral PFC over-recruitment during reward processing (Forbes et al., 2009; O ’ Callaghan and Stringaris, 2019; Pan et al., 2017).”
BackgroundHoffmann, M. S., McDaid, D., Salum, G. A., Ribeiro, W. S., Ziebold, C., King, D., Gadelha, A., Miguel, E. C., Mari, J. D. J., Rohde, L. A., et al. (2021) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796021000561 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Participation was associated with higher maternal education, socioeconomic group (SEG), living in Porto Alegre, and anxiety-related conditions at baseline (Pan et al., 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationXiao, Y., Dong, S., Pan, C., Guo, H., Tang, L., Zhang, X., & Wang, F. (2024) · Psychoradiology · doi:10.1093/psyrad/kkae025 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Mor eov er, a pr e vious study suggests that striatum could be used to predict risk for developing depression (Pan et al. , 2017 ); tr acing bac k to the sour ce of clusters, w e find that conv er gence of the striatum both r e v eals effectiv eness of activ e-NIBS and implies a symptom-r elated c…”
Forbes, E. E., Eckstrand, K., Rofey, D. L., & Silk, J. S. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.07.020 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Wu, J., Song, J., He, Y., Li, Z., Deng, H., Huang, Z.-M., Xie, X., Wong, N. M. L., Tao, J., Lee, T. M. C., et al. (2023) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00637-w · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Individuals with depression and anhedonia were found to have altered functional connectivity within the ventral striatum [23, 24].”
BackgroundMind the brain gap: The worldwide distribution of neuroimaging research on adolescent depression
Battel, L., Cunegatto, F. R., Viduani, A. C., Fisher, H. L., Kohrt, B. A., Mondelli, V., Swartz, J. R., & Kieling, C. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117865 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Data-driven parcellation and graph theory analyses to study adolescent mood and anxiety symptoms
Ely, B. A., Liu, Q., DeWitt, S. J., Mehra, L. M., Alonso, C. M., & Gabbay, V. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01321-x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Sun, J., Kong, L., Wu, F., Wei, Y., Zhu, Y., Yin, Z., Deng, X., Jiang, X., Tang, Y., & Wang, F. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.068 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Liu, L., Margoni, F., He, Y., & Liu, H. (2020) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107721 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Macedo, M., Sato, J. R., Bressan, R. A., & Pan, P. M. (2022) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2032 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationKroll, D. S., Feldman, D. E., Wang, S.-Y., Zhang, R., Manza, P., Wiers, C. E., Volkow, N. D., & Wang, G. (2020) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.117099 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Interestingly, studies indicated that blunted striatal activity was associated with depressive symptoms, but not substance use or SUD (Insel et al., 2019; Pan et al., 2017), in contrast to our original hypothesis (Jaworska et al.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialIs the encoding of Reward Prediction Error reliable during development?
Keren, H., Chen, G., Benson, B. E., Monique Ernst, D., Leibenluft, E., Fox, N. A., Pine, D. S., & Stringaris, A. K. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.039 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, K., Zhao, X., Lu, X., Zhu, X., Chen, H., Wang, M., Yan, W., Jing, L., Deng, Y., Yu, L., et al. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718003616 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Sato, J., Biazoli, C., Zugman, A., Pan, P., Bueno, A. P. A., Moura, L. M., Gadelha, A., Picon, F., Amaro, E., Salum, G., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15435 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Details on the assessment and the procedures can be found in Salum et al. (2015) and Pan et al. (2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationZhang, S., He, J., Zhong, G., Wang, Y., Zhao, Y., Wang, L., Li, S., Xiao, X., Yang, Z., Zhao, B., et al. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12121730 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“The other study confirmed that ventral striatum FC could specifically predict the potential risk of adolescent depressive disorders [32].”
Wolke, S., Mehta, M. A., O’Daly, O., Zelaya, F. O., Zahreddine, N., Keren, H., O’Callaghan, G., Young, A. H., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., et al. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718003306 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“For example, the ACC and ventral striatum (VS) show functional connectivity at rest (Pan et al ., 2017) and input from the ACC to the VS allows for flexible deployment and adaptation of behaviour to changing circum-stances (Holroyd and Coles, 2002; Walton et al ., 2007; Alexander and Brown, 2011;…”
Self-citationIntrinsic neural circuitry of depression in adolescent females
Jin, J., Snellenberg, J. X. V., Perlman, G., DeLorenzo, C., Klein, D. N., Kotov, R., & Mohanty, A. (2019) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13123 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Recent studies show that alterations in RSFC of amygdala (Callaghan et al., 2017), striatum (Pan et al., 2017), as well as ACC and medial frontal gyrus (Ho et al., 2017) individually are associated with adolescent depression; however, no studies to our knowledge have examined whether the entire…”
ResultChen, Z., Huang, X., Gong, Q., & Biswal, B. B. (2021) · Frontiers of Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11684-020-0798-1 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Reward-Related Attentional Bias at Age 16 Predicts Onset of Depression During 9 Years of Follow-up
Vrijen, C., Hartman, C. A., & Oldehinkel, A. J. (2018) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.06.009 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“12 Our fi ndings also are consistent with cognitive neuropsychological models of depression according to which biases toward negative and away from positive information have a central causal role in the development of depression 32 and with earlier suggestions that these biases might be driven by a…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialZhang, N.-N., Qin, J.-S., Yan, J.-C., Zhu, Y., Xu, Y.-H., Zhu, X.-L., Ju, S., & Li, Y.-F. (2020) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x19861909 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Moreover, in a longitudinal community-based sample, Pan et al.9 indicated that aberrant left ventral striatum functional connectivity specifically predicts the onset of adolescent depressive disorder.”
BackgroundPan, P. M., Gadelha, A., Argôlo, F. C., Hoffmann, M. S., Arcadepani, F. B., Miguel, E. C., Rohde, L. A., McGuire, P. K., Salum, G. A., & Bressan, R. A. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.044 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationAbnormal resting‐state effective connectivity in reward network among long‐term male smokers
Zhang, M., Gao, X., Yang, Z., Han, S., Zhou, B., Niu, X., Wang, W., Wei, Y., Cheng, J., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.13221 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Covid-19 and Mental Health: Could Visual Art Exposure Help?
Gallo, L. M. H., Giampietro, V., Zunszain, P. A., & Tan, K. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.650314 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Stress responses regulated by the HPA system control body peripheral functions, like metabolism and immunity, while having an intense effect on the brain (Pariante and Lightman, 2008).”
BackgroundFrontostriatal circuitry as a target for fMRI-based neurofeedback interventions: A systematic review
Orth, L., Meeh, J., Gur, R. C., Neuner, I., & Sarkheil, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.933718 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“, 2013), depression (Pan et al., 2017), and ADHD (Plichta and Scheres, 2014), three studies investigated the NF training of the ventral striatum.”
BackgroundTsolaki, E. C., Narr, K. L., Espinoza, R. T., Wade, B., Hellemann, G., Kubicki, A., Vasavada, M. M., Njau, S. N., & Pouratian, N. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.05.010 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Li, X., Chen, X., & Yan, C. (2022) · Quantitative Biology · doi:10.15302/j-qb-021-0270 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Detecting Suicide Ideation in the Era of Social Media: The Population Neuroscience Perspective
Morese, R., Gruebner, O., Sykora, M. D., Elayan, S., Fadda, M., & Albanese, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.652167 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“(26) in a resting-state fMRI study reported that aberrant connectivity in the ventral striatum (i.”
BackgroundWasserman, A. M., Shaw-Meadow, K. J., Moon, T., Karns‐Wright, T. E., Mathias, C. W., Hill‐Kapturczak, N., & Dougherty, D. M. (2021) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0001267 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Eckstrand, K., Lenniger, C. J., & Forbes, E. E. (2022) · Annual Review of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120920-040820 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Multiscale neurobiological correlates of human neuroticism
Xu, Q., Liu, F., Qin, W., Jiang, T., & Yu, C. (2020) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.25153 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“…depressive and anxiety disorders (Griffith et al., 2010), its neural substrate, ventral striatum functional connectivity may be associated with these disorders, which is supported by the predictive value of this connectivity for future risk in adolescents for depressive disorder (Pan et al., 2017).”
BackgroundLiu, S., Zhao, W., Li, Y., Li, X., Li, J., Cao, H., Yang, Z., & Xu, Y. J. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.01.013 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Fan, J., Xia, J., Liu, Q., Wang, X., Du, H., Gao, F., Han, Y., Yu, Q., Lu, J., Xiao, C., et al. (2023) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.031 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Roza, T. H., Rabelo‐da‐Ponte, F. D., Spritzer, D. T., Hoffmann, M. S., Massuda, R., Salum, G. A., Miguel, E. C., Rohde, L. A., Pan, P. M., Kessler, F. H. P., et al. (2023) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.022 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationForbes, E. E. (2020) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20060848 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Klein, S. D., Collins, P. F., Wun, V. L., Grund, P. M., & Luciana, M. M. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1233-23.2025 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Jenness, J. L., DeLonga, K., Lewandowski, R. E., Spiro, C. N., Crowe, K., Martell, C. R., Towbin, K. E., Stringaris, A. K., & McCauley, E. (2022) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2022.2042871 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…reward, including the striatum and other basal ganglia structures, reach their developmental peak during adolescence (Urošević et al., 2012), and aberrations in ventral striatum functioning in healthy youth predict subsequent onset of depressive symptoms (Pan et al., 2017; Stringaris et al., 2015).”
BackgroundSelf-citationSato, J. R., Biazoli, C. E., Bueno, A. P. A., Caye, A., Pan, P. M., Santoro, M. L., Mauer, J., Salum, G. A., Hoexter, M. Q., Bressan, R. A., et al. (2023) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12838 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“and Pan et al.(36) The subjects are the same described in Salum et al.”
BackgroundSelf-citationNjoroge, W., Maina, R., Frank, E., Atwoli, L., Wu, Z., Ngugi, A. K., Sen, S., Wang, J., Wong, S., Baker, J. A., et al. (2023) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-023-06498-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Such methods have been known to reduce false positive and false negative rates [37] in inferring the relations among mobile phenotypes and between the mobile phenotypes and the daily mood scores.”
Yoon, L., Rohrsetzer, F., Battel, L., Anés, M., Manfro, P. H., Rohde, L. A., Viduani, A. C., Zajkowska, Z., Mondelli, V., Kieling, C., et al. (2022) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.03.008 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Indeed, the majority of adolescent depression rsFC studies have focused on the amygdala (3,5,35–38), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (4,8,39–41), PFC (10,42), striatal regions (43,44), and hippocampus (40,45,46) and found their altered connectivity with other brain regions in high-risk and depressed adolescents (e.”
BackgroundSelf-citationHuang, D., Wu, Y., Yue, J., & Wang, X. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05857-2 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“For instance, Pan et al. revealed that ventral striatal FC could predict the risk of depressive disorders, which contrasts with the nonsignificant consequences observed in the pres-ent study [47].”
Resultde Lacy, N., Ramshaw, M. J., & Lam, W. Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1487894 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Cirillo, A., Diniz, E., Gadelha, A., Asevedo, E. D. M., Axelrud, L. K., Miguel, E. C., Rohde, L. A., Bressan, R. A., Pan, P. M., & Mari, J. D. J. (2020) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0761 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Motor, Cognitive, Affective, and Autonomic Functions of the Basal Ganglia
Moustafa, A. A., Mandali, A., Balasubramani, P. P., & Chakravarthy, V. S. (2018) · Cognitive science and technology · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8494-2_3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Battel, L., Swartz, J. R., Anés, M., Manfro, P. H., Rohde, L. A., Viduani, A. C., Mondelli, V., & Kieling, C. (2019) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0508 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“In Brazil, only one large neuroimaging study designed to assess various outcomes in terms of psychopathology with published data on youth depression is available.(19) Considering that depression has been inversely associated with socioeconomic status and educational levels in both high-income(3) and low- and middle-in…”
BackgroundSelf-citationCohort Profile: Brazilian High-Risk Cohort for Mental Health Conditions (BHRC)
Salum, G. A., de Giusti, C., Souza, L., Juk, J., da Costa, R. A., Sugaya, L. S., Caye, A., Simioni, A., Rocha, P. B., Manfro, G. G., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyaf192 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationGrange, J. A. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.057 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Filho, N. D. A., Mari, J. D. J., & Kieling, C. (2023) · SSM - Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2023.100212 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationApathy in melancholic depression and abnormal neural activity within the reward-related circuit
Jiang, Y. B., Zhang, T., Zhang, M., Xie, X., Tian, Y., Wang, K., & Bai, T. (2023) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114379 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Xiao, X., Bentzley, B. S., Cole, E. J., Tischler, C., Stimpson, K. H., Duvio, D., Bishop, J. H., DeSouza, D. D., Schatzberg, A. F., Keller, C. J., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/672154 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Liang, N., Xue, Z., Yu, W., Yang, X., Ma, Y., Xu, J., Sun, Y., Shen, Y., Li, H., Lu, J., et al. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.01.116 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Qiu, H., Cao, J., Wang, R., Li, X., Kuang, L., & Ouyang, Z. (2024) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-024-01036-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“…study of MDD patients found that functional connectivity of the ventral striatum (VS) in childhood predicted the risk of future depression(Pan et al. 2017), and deviations in reward processing during adolescence predicted future MDD diagnosis and increased risk of MDD…”
Understanding the benefits of extrinsic emotion regulation in depression
Massarwe, A. O., & Cohen, N. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1120653 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Depression is also known to be associated with altered intrinsic connectivity within the ventral striatum (Pan et al., 2017).”
BackgroundChen, J., Wei, Y., Xue, K., Han, S., Li, W., Zhou, B., & Cheng, J. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.023 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Liu, W., Heij, J., Liu, S., Liebrand, L. C., Caan, M. W. A., van der Zwaag, W., Veltman, D. J., Lü, L., Aghajani, M., & van Wingen, G. A. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.11.009 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Giacco, A. C. D., Morales, A. M., Jones, S. A., Barnes, S. J., & Nagel, B. J. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.028 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Liu, W., Heij, J., Liu, S., Liebrand, L. C., Caan, M. W. A., van der Zwaag, W., Veltman, D. J., Lü, L., Aghajani, M., & van Wingen, G. A. (2024) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.07.014 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Furthermore, elevated node strength in the left striatum seems indicative of an elevated risk of developing depressive disorder in the future (Pan et al., 2017).”
Background
- Authors
- Pan, P. M., Sato, J. R., Salum, G. A., Rohde, L. A., Gadelha, A., Zugman, A., Mari, J., Jackowski, A., Picon, F., Miguel, E. C., Pine, D. S., Leibenluft, E., Bressan, R. A., & Stringaris, A.
- Affiliations
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neurociências Clínicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; the Mood, Brain, and Development Unit, Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md.; Center for Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil; the Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; the Department and Institute of...
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2017-11-01
- Volume
- 174
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1112-1119
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC10752293
- OpenAlex
- W2758286034
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 8.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Wellcome Trust
- University of Cambridge
- University College London
- University of Oxford
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2014/, 14/50917-0, 13/08531-5)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (2014‐2, 2013/08531-5, 465550/2014-2, CNPq 465550/2014-2)
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (Z01MH002781, Z01MH002782)
- Daiichi Sankyo Europe
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- ventral striatum, functional connectivity, adolescent depression, reward processing, reward network, intrinsic functional connectivity, risk prediction, children and adolescents, longitudinal prediction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Brazil, Child, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Reward, Cohort Studies, Odds Ratio, Risk Assessment, Functional Neuroimaging, Ventral Striatum
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