Mixed anxiety/depression symptoms in a large cancer cohort: prevalence by cancer type
Abstract
Background Mixed anxiety/depression is associated with poorer psychosocial and treatment outcomes, worse quality of life, pooreradherence to treatment, slower recovery, greater suicide risk, and highercost-utilization. Objective This study aimed to examine the cancer-specific prevalence of these symptoms. Method Cross-sectional anxiety and depression symptom data were collected with the Brief Symptom Inventory from adult outpatients presenting to a tertiary cancer center (N=8,265). Results Mixed anxiety/depression symptoms were seen in 12.4% of patients; overall depression symptoms in 18.3%, overall anxiety symptoms in 24.0%, pure anxiety symptoms in 11.7%, and pure depression symptoms in 6.0%; 70% had neither. Higher rates of mixed anxiety/depression symptoms were seen with stomach, pancreatic, head and neck, and lung cancers, but lower rates were seen in those with breast cancers. The mixed anxiety/depression phenotype occurs in two-thirds of depressed cancer patients. Discussion The fact that 70% of patients did not meet thresholds for depression or anxiety symptoms can be interpreted as a reflection of the resistance to developing a significant level of these symptoms. However, because stomach, pancreatic, head and neck, and lung cancers have higher levels of mixed anxiety/depression symptoms, the question can be raised as to whether these are associated with a more biological type of anxiety/depression (e.g., due to cytokine release) and whether this phenotype should be…
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Patients with advanced LC are more likely than patients with other types of cancer to have anxiety and depression symptoms.
“They are also more likely than patients with other types of cancer to have anxiety and depression symptoms.5”
From Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial of CareSTEPS: A Supportive Care Intervention for the Family Caregivers of Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
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“With, on average, 18% of cancer patients displaying significant depressive symptoms [29], many find benefit from taking antidepressants.”
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- Authors
- Brintzenhofe-Szoc, K. M., Levin, T. T., Li, Y., Kissane, D. W., & Zabora, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Levin, Tomer T.
- Venue
- Psychosomatics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 383-391
- ISSN
- 0033-3182 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1999867088
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 7.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, cancer patients, prevalence, cancer types, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, Brief Symptom Inventory, cytokine production, psychosocial outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, ROC Curve, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Logistic Models
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