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Cited by 43Feminist Theory and Gender StudiesGender, Health, and Social InequalityGender and Feminist Studies

The Intersection of Racial and Gender Attitudes, 1977 through 2018

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Scarborough, William J., Pepin, Joanna R., Lambouths, Danny L., Kwon, Ronald, Monasterio, Ronaldo·2021·American Sociological Review
DOI 10.1177/00031224211033582

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Abstract

Intersectionality scholars have long identified dynamic configurations of race and gender ideologies. Yet, survey research on racial and gender attitudes tends to treat these components as independent. We apply latent class analysis to a set of racial and gender attitude items from the General Social Survey (1977 to 2018) to identify four configurations of individuals’ simultaneous views on race and gender. Two of these configurations hold unified progressive or regressive racial and gender attitudes. The other two formations have discordant racial and gender attitudes, where progressive views on one aspect combine with regressive views on the other. In the majority of survey years, the most commonly held configuration endorsed gender equality but espoused new racialist views that attributed racial disparities to cultural deficiencies. This perspective has become increasingly common since 1977 and is most prevalent among White women and White men, likely due to racial-group interest. Black women and Black men, in contrast, are more likely to embrace progressive racial and gender attitudes. We argue that White men’s gender egalitarianism may be rooted in self-interest, aimed at acquiring resources through intimate relationships. In contrast, Black men adopt progressive racial and gender attitudes to form a necessary coalition with Black women to challenge racism.

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Carter, J. Scott, Mamadi Corra, and Sarah Okorie. 2018. "Seeing Discrimination: Does Acknowledging Structural Determinants of Inequality Impact Support for the Use of Force by Police among Whites?" Western Journal of Black Studies 42(1/2):18-28.
  2. hooks, bell. 1981. Ain't I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism. Boston, MA: South End Press.
  3. McLachlan, Geoffrey J., and David Peel. 2004. Finite Mixture Models. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  4. Saini, Angela. 2019. Superior: The Return of Race Science. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

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Authors
Scarborough, W. J., Pepin, J. R., Lambouths, D. L., Kwon, R., & Monasterio, R.
Affiliations
  • University of North Texas (US)
  • University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
  • University of Illinois Chicago (US)
Corresponding author
Scarborough, William J.
ORCID
Venue
American Sociological Review
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2021-08-18
Volume
86
Issue
5
Pages
823-855
ISSN
  • 0003-1224 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-8271
DOI
10.1177/00031224211033582
OpenAlex
W3193576147
Cited by
43
References
90
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8
FWCI
9.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Sociological Review (publishedVersion)
  • University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) (submittedVersion)
  • OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
  • SocArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
  • SocArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminist Theory and Gender Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Gender, Health, and Social Inequality
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
Keywords
intersectionality, racial attitudes, gender attitudes, gender egalitarianism, Black women, Black men, white men, white women, intimate relationships, General Social Survey

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