Natural Versus Urban Scenes: Some Psychophysiological Effects
Abstract
Subjects viewed sixty color slides of either (1) nature with water, (2) nature dominated by vegetation, or (3) urban environments without water or vegetation. The information rates of the three slide samples were equivalent. Measurements were taken of the effects of the slide presentations on alpha amplitude, heart rate, and emotional states. Results revealed several significant differences as a function of environment, which together indicate that the two categories of nature views had more positive influences on psychophysiological states than the urban scenes. Alpha was significantly higher during the vegetation as opposed to urban slides; similarly, alpha was higher on the average when subjects viewed water rather than urban content. There was also a consistent pattern for nature, especially water, to have more positive influences on emotional states. A salient finding was that water, and to a lesser extent vegetation views, held attention and interest more effectively than the urban scenes. Implications of the findings for theory development in environmental aesthetics are discussed.
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Horticultural interventions have been found to stimulate a sense of fascination, hold attention, reduce stress levels, and decrease agitation.
“Horticultural interventions been found to stimulate a sense of fascination, hold attention, 61 reduce stress levels, and decrease agitation. 62,63”
From Therapeutic recreation interventions for need-driven dementia-compromised (2002) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Ulrich, R. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Delaware (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ulrich, Roger S.
- ORCID
- Ulrich, Roger S.
- Venue
- Environment and Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1981-09
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 523-556
- ISSN
- 0013-9165 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-390X
- OpenAlex
- W2115046352
- Cited by
- 1,248
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 60 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 85 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 90 · 2021: 93 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environment and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Color perception and design
- Keywords
- environmental aesthetics, visual attention, emotional responses, alpha amplitude, heart rate, psychophysiological responses, water imagery, urban environment
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