Viewing nature scenes positively affects recovery of autonomic function following acute-mental stress
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A randomized crossover study explored whether viewing different scenes prior to a stressor altered autonomic function during the recovery from the stressor. The two scenes were (a) nature (composed of trees, grass, fields) or (b) built (composed of man-made, urban scenes lacking natural characteristics) environments. Autonomic function was assessed using noninvasive techniques of heart rate variability; in particular, time domain analyses evaluated parasympathetic activity, using root-mean-square of successive differences (RMSSD). During stress, secondary cardiovascular markers (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) showed significant increases from baseline which did not differ between the two viewing conditions. Parasympathetic activity, however, was significantly higher in recovery following the stressor in the viewing scenes of nature condition compared to viewing scenes depicting built environments (RMSSD; 50.0 ± 31.3 vs 34.8 ± 14.8 ms). Thus, viewing nature scenes prior to a stressor alters autonomic activity in the recovery period. The secondary aim was to examine autonomic function during viewing of the two scenes. Standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDRR), as change from baseline, during the first 5 min of viewing nature scenes was greater than during built scenes. Overall, this suggests that nature can elicit improvements in the recovery process following a stressor.
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Viewing natural elements promotes physiological relaxation, lowers stress, improves mood, and aids recovery after a stressful event.
“Previous studies have shown that viewing elements of nature promotes physiological relaxation,12 reduces stress, improves mood,13 and enhances the recovery process following a stressful event.15”
From Feasibility of a virtual reality intervention in the intensive care unit (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Brown, D. K., Barton, J. L., & Gladwell, V. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Essex (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Daniel K.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-05-16
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 5562-5569
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- PMC
- PMC3699874
- OpenAlex
- W2026488329
- Cited by
- 409
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 7.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (FS/10/32/28204)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/F039158/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Music Therapy and Health
- Keywords
- nature exposure, built environment, acute psychological stress, stress recovery, autonomic function, heart rate variability, parasympathetic activity, cardiovascular stress response, urban stress
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Aged, Autonomic Nervous System, Blood Pressure, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Self Concept, Stress, Psychological, Nature, Young Adult
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