The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of Narcissism and Religiosity on Church Ministers with Respect to Ethical Judgment, Confidence, and Forgiveness
Abstract
Narcissism has been negatively correlated with better ethical judgment. Intrinsic (I)—but not extrinsic—religiosity has been positively associated with better ethical judgment. We hypothesize that these relationships also hold for Christian church ministers. Therefore, this study of church ministers was undertaken to determine the effects of religiosity and narcissism on the ethical judgment of ministers confronted with 10 different ethical scenarios. To test our hypotheses, we surveyed 2,490 Protestant church ministers and received 488 usable surveys. Results indicated that intrinsic religiosity—but not extrinsic personal (Ep) or extrinsic social (Es) religiosity—had significant positive effects on ethical judgment, participants’ confidence in their ethical judgment, and participants’ willingness to forgive. Ep, in contrast, had significant negative effects on ethical judgment and willingness to forgive, while Es had a significant negative effect on confidence. Narcissism overall had a negative effect on ethical judgment and was found to interact with intrinsic religiosity such that the effects of narcissism were mitigated in the presence of high levels of intrinsic religiosity.
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In the citing paper
“Pastoral narcissism is problematic for both pastors and their congregants as it may impair the ethical judgment of the pastors (Cooper et al., 2016) and cause emotional and spiritual wounding to the congregants (Brown, 2016).”
From Humility and Servant-Leadership: Toward a Solution of Pastoral Narcissism (2024) · cites this paper as Cooper et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“They concluded that younger clergy exhibited poor ethical judgment, whereas high intrinsic religiosity in middle-aged and older clergy reduced the overall negative effect of narcissism.”
From Humility and Servant-Leadership: Toward a Solution of Pastoral Narcissism (2024) · cites this paper as Cooper et al. (2016)
In the citing paper
“The authors found that the narcissism of Protestant clergy in the United States correlates with adverse effects on clergy members' ethical judgment, confidence, and forgiveness.”
From Humility and Servant-Leadership: Toward a Solution of Pastoral Narcissism (2024) · cites this paper as Cooper et al. (2016)
In the citing paper
“The authors discovered that ministers who measured high in narcissism-per the NPI-16 (Ames et al., 2006), a 16-item version of Raskin and Terry's (1988) 40-item Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI)-and low in intrinsic religiosity exhibited poor ethical judgment.”
From Humility and Servant-Leadership: Toward a Solution of Pastoral Narcissism (2024) · cites this paper as Cooper et al. (2016)
Citations
Cites
The NPI-16 as a short measure of narcissism.
Ames, D. R., Rose, P., & Anderson, C. P. (2006) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.002 · Cited by 1,349
Smith, T. B., McCullough, M. E., & Poll, J. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.4.614 · Cited by 1,150
Narcissism, confidence, and risk attitude
Campbell, W. K., Goodie, A. S., & Foster, J. D. (2004) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.475 · Cited by 854 · cited 1×
“Those with narcissistic tendencies, in particular, have been found to exhibit overconfidence in decision-making that leads to deficits in judgment (Campbell et al., 2004).”
BackgroundUnderstanding the Social Costs of Narcissism: The Case of the Tragedy of the Commons
Campbell, W. K., Bush, C. P., Brunell, A. B., & Shelton, J. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167205274855 · Cited by 370
An Integrative Approach to the Assessment of Narcissism
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Zuckerman, M., & O'Loughlin, R. E. (2009) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.594 · Cited by 92
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Humility and Servant-Leadership: Toward a Solution of Pastoral Narcissism
Bryant, L. W. R. (2024) · International Journal of Servant-Leadership · doi:10.33972/ijsl.417
Metadata
- Authors
- Cooper, M. J., Pullig, C., & Dickens, C.
- Affiliations
- Baylor University
- Dallas Theological Seminary
- Venue
- Journal of Psychology and Theology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 42-54
- ISSN
- 0091-6471
- 2328-1162
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effects of Narcissism and Religiosity on Church Ministers with Respect to Ethical Judgment, Confidence, and Forgiveness. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/009164711604400104
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- Cooper, M. J., Pullig, C., & Dickens, C. (2016). Effects of Narcissism and Religiosity on Church Ministers with Respect to Ethical Judgment, Confidence, and Forgiveness. Journal of Psychology and Theology. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711604400104
