Effectiveness of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot study
Abstract
Effective treatment options are needed for veterans who do not participate in trauma-focused psychotherapy. Research has yet to examine the effectiveness of transdiagnostic psychotherapy in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-occurring psychological disorders. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) delivered in a 16-week group format. We examined treatment outcomes in male and female veterans ( n = 52) in an outpatient specialty PTSD clinic at a large Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center. We hypothesized significant decreases in emotion regulation difficulty (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale), PTSD symptom severity (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5), and depressive symptom severity (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). In addition, we hypothesized that reductions in emotion regulation difficulty across treatment would negatively predict PTSD and depressive symptoms at posttreatment. PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and emotion regulation difficulty all evidenced significant improvements at the end of treatment relative to baseline ( ps < .001). In addition, reductions in emotion regulation across treatment were associated with lower PTSD and depressive symptoms at posttreatment ( ps < .001). This pilot study provides preliminary evidence supporting use of UP among veterans with PTSD and co-occurring disorders. Well-designed clinical trials evaluating efficacy of UP among veterans are needed.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A growing evidence base supports the utility of the UP for improving emotional and emotion-adjacent symptoms, including anxiety, depression, anger, substance misuse, self-injury, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and trauma-related symptoms.
“A growing evidence base supports the utility of the UP for improving emotional and emotion-adjacent symptoms, including anxiety, depression, anger, substance misuse, self-injury, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and trauma-related symptoms (26, 31–37).”
From Pilot outcomes and exploration of treatment mechanisms using a culturally adapted version of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders to improve mental health symptoms, alcohol misuse, functional outcomes, and sleep quality in emergency responders (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369 · see citing works
Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1023/b:joba.0000007455.08539.94 · Cited by 8,942 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…and acceptance of emotions, the ability to inhibit impulses while engaging in goal-driven behavior in the presence of emotional distress, and the flexible and situationally appropriate use of strategies to modulate the course (i.e., intensity and duration) of emotions (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe PHQ-9: A New Depression Diagnostic and Severity Measure
Kroenke, K., & Spitzer, R. L. (2002) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/0048-5713-20020901-06 · Cited by 5,898 · see citing works
Mediators and Mechanisms of Change in Psychotherapy Research
Kazdin, A. E. (2007) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091432 · Cited by 2,504 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, 2011) and lacks evidence required to establish a mechanism of change, such as mechanism–outcome associations, mechanism–outcome temporal precedence, and experimental evidence (Kazdin, 2007).”
BackgroundManea, L., Gilbody, S., & McMillan, D. (2012) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.110829 · Cited by 1,966 · see citing works
A Multidimensional Meta-Analysis of Psychotherapy for PTSD
Bradley, R., Greene, J., Russ, E., Dutra, L., & Westen, D. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.214 · Cited by 1,938 · see citing works
Monitoring Depression Treatment Outcomes With the Patient Health Questionnaire-9
L??we, B., Un??tzer, J., Callahan, C. M., Perkins, A. J., & Kroenke, K. (2004) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-200412000-00006 · Cited by 1,354 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology
Sheppes, G., Suri, G., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112739 · Cited by 1,214 · see citing works
Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Watts, B. V., Schnurr, P. P., Mayo, L., Young-Xu, Y., Weeks, W. B., & Friedman, M. J. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.12r08225 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
Psychotherapy for Military-Related PTSD: A Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Steenkamp, M. M., Litz, B. T., Hoge, C. W., & Marmar, C. R. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.8370 · Cited by 958 · see citing works
Wortmann, J. H., Jordan, A. H., Weathers, F. W., Resick, P. A., Dondanville, K. A., Hall-Clark, B., Foa, E. B., Young-McCaughan, S., Yarvis, J. S., Hembree, E. A., et al. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000260 · Cited by 913 · see citing works
(2010) · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Size of Treatment Effects and Their Importance to Clinical Research and Practice
KRAEMER, H. C., & Kupfer, D. J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.09.014 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Seal, K. H., Metzler, T. J., Gima, K. S., Bertenthal, D., Maguen, S., & Marmar, C. R. (2009) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2008.150284 · Cited by 830 · see citing works
Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Farchione, T. J., Fairholme, C. P., Ellard, K. K., Boisseau, C. L., Thompson-Hollands, J., Carl, J. R., Gallagher, M. W., & Barlow, D. H. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.01.001 · Cited by 746 · see citing works
Ehring, T., & Quack, D. (2010) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.04.004 · Cited by 668 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Empirical evidence supports this view as emotion dysregulation is associated with PTSD (Boden et al., 2013; Bonn-Miller, Vujanovic, Boden, & Gross, 2011; Ehring & Quack, 2010; Moore, Zoellner, & Mollenholt, 2008; Tull, Barrett, McMillan, & Roemer, 2007).”
Tull, M. T., Barrett, H. M., McMillan, E. S., & Roemer, L. (2007) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.10.001 · Cited by 636 · see citing works
Acceptability and suppression of negative emotion in anxiety and mood disorders.
Campbell-Sills, L., Barlow, D. H., Brown, T. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.6.4.587 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Are expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal associated with stress-related symptoms?
Moore, S. A., Zoellner, L. A., & Mollenholt, N. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.001 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Ellard, K. K., Fairholme, C. P., Boisseau, C. L., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2010) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.06.002 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology: A Transdiagnostic Approach to Etiology and Treatment
Choate-Summers, M. L. (2011) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2010.524747 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Karlin, B. E., Ruzek, J. I., Chard, K. M., Eftekhari, A., Monson, C. M., Hembree, E. A., Resick, P. A., & Foa, E. B. (2010) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20588 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Seal, K. H., Maguen, S., Cohen, B. E., Gima, K. S., Metzler, T. J., Ren, L., Bertenthal, D., & Marmar, C. R. (2010) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20493 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Emotion regulation and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a meta-analysis
Seligowski, A. V., Lee, D. J., Bardeen, J. R., & Orcutt, H. K. (2015) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2014.980753 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Hoge, C. W., Grossman, S. H., Auchterlonie, J. L., Riviere, L. A., Milliken, C. S., & Wilk, J. E. (2014) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201300307 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
(2018) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.32598/ijpcp · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Marmar, C. R., Schlenger, W., Henn-Haase, C., Qian, M., Purchia, E., Li, M., Corry, N., Williams, C. S., Ho, C.-L., Horesh, D., et al. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0803 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
FREWEN, P. A., & LANIUS, R. A. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1364.010 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Cognitive Processing Therapy Veteran/Military Version:
Resick, P. A., & Monson, C. M. (2008) · Cited by 301 · see citing works
An examination of the latent structure of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale.
Bardeen, J. R., Fergus, T. A., & Orcutt, H. K. (2012) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-012-9280-y · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Examining emotion regulation as an outcome, mechanism, or target of psychological treatments
Gratz, K. L., Weiss, N. H., & Tull, M. T. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.02.010 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Resick, P., Wachen, J. S., Dondanville, K., Pruiksma, K., Yarvis, J. S., Peterson, A., Mintz, J., Borah, E. V., Brundige, A., Hembree, E., et al. (2017) · JAMA psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2729 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Patterns of emotion regulation and psychopathology
Eftekhari, A., Zoellner, L. A., & Vigil, S. A. (2009) · Anxiety, Stress, & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615800802179860 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Examining potential contraindications for prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD
van Minnen, A., Harned, M. S., Zoellner, L., & Mills, K. (2012) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.3402/ejpt.v3i0.18805 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Cognitive behaviour therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder
Harvey, A. G., Bryant, R. A., & Tarrier, N. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(03)00035-7 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Posttraumatic stress disorder treatment outcome research: The study of unrepresentative samples?
Spinazzola, J., Blaustein, M., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2005) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20050 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Toward a unified treatment for emotional disorders: Update on the science and practice
Norton, P. J., & Paulus, D. J. (2016) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.07.002 · Cited by 180 · cited 1× · see citing works
“UP is the synthesis of common strategies used in empirically supported cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs; Norton & Paulus, 2016).”
MethodSauer-Zavala, S., Boswell, J. F., Gallagher, M. W., Bentley, K. H., Ametaj, A., & Barlow, D. H. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.05.005 · Cited by 163 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In accordance with the UP theoretical model (Barlow et al., 2011), evidence suggests that UP may improve emotion regulation (Mohammadi et al., 2014; Sauer-Zavala et al., 2016) as well as the related constructs of emotional reactivity (Sauer-Zavala et al., 2012) and temperament (Carl et al., 2014).”
BackgroundBullis, J. R., Sauer-Zavala, S., Bentley, K. H., Thompson-Hollands, J., Carl, J. R., & Barlow, D. H. (2015) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445514553094 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Forbes, D., Creamer, M. C., Hawthorne, G., Allen, N. B., & McHugh, T. (2003) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000051903.60517.98 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Rosen, C. S., Matthieu, M. M., Stirman, S. W., Cook, J. M., Landes, S. J., Bernardy, N. C., Chard, K. M., Crowley, J. J., Eftekhari, A., Finley, E. P., et al. (2016) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-016-0755-0 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
An idiographic analysis of change processes in the unified transdiagnostic treatment of depression
Boswell, J. F., Anderson, L. M., & Barlow, D. H. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0037403 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Efficacy of group treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: A meta-analysis.
Sloan, D. M., Feinstein, B. A., Gallagher, M. W., Beck, J. G., & Keane, T. M. (2011) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0026291 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Bullis, J. R., Fortune, M. R., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2014) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.07.016 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Sauer-Zavala, S. E., Bentley, K. H., & Wilner, J. G. (2015) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2015_29_179 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Posttraumatic Stress, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, and Coping-Oriented Marijuana Use
Bonn‐Miller, M. O., Vujanovic, A. A., Boden, M. T., & Gross, J. J. (2011) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2010.525253 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Boisseau, C. L., Farchione, T. J., Fairholme, C. P., Ellard, K. K., & Barlow, D. H. (2010) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.09.003 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Boden, M. T., Bonn-Miller, M. O., Kashdan, T. B., Alvarez, J., & Gross, J. J. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.11.007 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Gratz, K. L., Bardeen, J. R., Levy, R., Dixon–Gordon, K. L., & Tull, M. T. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.12.005 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Transdiagnostic Treatment of Bipolar Disorder and Comorbid Anxiety With the Unified Protocol
Ellard, K. K., Deckersbach, T., Sylvia, L. G., Nierenberg, A. A., & Barlow, D. H. (2012) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445512451272 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
A preliminary investigation of the effects of the unified protocol on temperament
Carl, J. R., Gallagher, M. W., Sauer-Zavala, S. E., Bentley, K. H., & Barlow, D. H. (2014) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.04.015 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Ciraulo, D. A., Barlow, D. H., Gulliver, S. B., Farchione, T. J., Morissette, S. B., Kamholz, B. W., Eisenmenger, K., Brown, B., Devine, E. G., Brown, T. A., et al. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.08.003 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Cook, J. M., Dinnen, S., Simiola, V., Thompson, R., & Schnurr, P. P. (2014) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0036183 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Maia, A. C. C. D. O., Nardi, A. E., & Cardoso, A. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.023 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The Impact of the Unified Protocol for Emotional Disorders on Quality of Life
Gallagher, M., Sauer-Zavala, S., Boswell, J. F., Carl, J. R., Bullis, J., Farchione, T., & Barlow, D. (2013) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2013.6.1.57 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Maia, A. C. C. D. O., Braga, A. A., Nunes, C. A., Nardi, A. E., & Silva, A. C. (2013) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.1590/s2237-60892013000200007 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
(2024) · Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.17795/zjrms · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Gallagher, M. W., Thompson‐Hollands, J., Bourgeois, M. L., & Bentley, K. H. (2015) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-015-9303-6 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Lotfi, M., Bakhtiyari, M., Asgharnezhad-Farid, A. A., & Amini, M. (2014) · Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 60 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Davis, A. K., Averill, L. A., Sepeda, N. D., Barsuglia, J. P., & Amoroso, T. (2020) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/2470547020939564 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Grant, M., Salsman, N. L., & Berking, M. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205095 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Osma, J., Suso‐Ribera, C., García‐Palacios, A., Crespo-Delgado, E., Robert-Flor, C., Sánchez-Guerrero, A. R., Ferreres-Galán, V., Pérez-Ayerra, L., Malea-Fernández, A., & Torres-Alfosea, M. Á. (2018) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-018-0866-2 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Treating depressive disorders with the Unified Protocol: A preliminary randomized evaluation
Sauer-Zavala, S. E., Bentley, K. H., Steele, S. J., Wilner, J. G., Ametaj, A., Nauphal, M., Cardona, N. D., Wang, M., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.072 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
O'Donnell, M. L., Lau, W., Chisholm, K., Agathos, J., Little, J., Terhaag, S., Brand, R., Putica, A., Holmes, A. C. N., Katona, L., et al. (2021) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22650 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Moore, R., Gillanders, D. T., & Stuart, S. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11092519 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Osma, J., Péris-Baquero, Ó., Suso‐Ribera, C., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2021) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2021.1939190 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mitchell, K. S., Singh, S., Hardin, S., & Thompson‐Brenner, H. (2021) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23515 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Unified protocol vs trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy among adolescents with PTSD
Mohajerin, B., Lynn, S. J., & Cassiello-Robbins, C. (2023) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2023.03.003 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Davis, A. K., Xin, Y., Sepeda, N. D., & Averill, L. A. (2023) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2023.2220874 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Castro-Camacho, L., Barlow, D. H., Mejía, N. G., Farchione, T. J., Idrobo, F., Rattner, M., Quant, D. M., González, L., & Moreno-Villamizar, J. D. (2023) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.2392 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Scharff, A., Ortiz, S. N., Forrest, L. N., Smith, A. R., & Boswell, J. F. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23106 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Misophonia is related to stress but not directly with traumatic stress
Guetta, R. E., Siepsiak, M., Shan, Y., Frazer-Abel, E., & Rosenthal, M. Z. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296218 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Dealing with Complexity and Comorbidity: Opportunity for Transdiagnostic Treatment for PTSD
Gutner, C. A., & Presseau, C. (2019) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-019-00170-2 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Armstrong, S. B., Xin, Y., Sepeda, N. D., Polanco, M., Averill, L. A., & Davis, A. K. (2023) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1080/08995605.2022.2156200 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
A preliminary evaluation of the unified protocol among trauma-exposed adults with and without PTSD
Hood, C. O., Southward, M. W., Bugher, C., & Sauer-Zavala, S. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182111729 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Meyer, E. C., Coe, E., Pennington, M. L., Cammarata, C., Kimbrel, N. A., Ostiguy, W., Leto, F., & Gulliver, S. B. (2024) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2022.08.004 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Javadi, V., Ahmadi, F., Ebrahimi, L. S., Dadashi, M., & Mousavi, S. E. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01735-4 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“O’Donnell et al. [27, 41] in their pilot studies showed that 10–14 weeks and 16 weeks of UP treatment significantly reduced posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with posttraumatic psychopathology and veterans, respectively.”
Grös, D. F., Allan, N. P., Koscinski, B., Keller, S. M., & Acierno, R. E. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23456 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Bartol, A. A., Martínez, M. Á. G., Riesco-Matías, P., Bernabé, J. R. Y., Crego, A., & Buz, J. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-024-01330-z · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Agathos, J. A., Putica, A., Steward, T., Felmingham, K. L., O'Donnell, M. L., Davey, C. G., & Harrison, B. J. (2024) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111888 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Arani, A. M., Hosseini, S., Lotfinia, S., Ebrahimi, L. S., Mousavi, S. E., Mohammadzadeghan, R., & Hosseini, S. M. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-022-09917-1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
la Rosa-Gómez, A. D., Hernández-Posadas, A., Valencia, P. D., Flores-Plata, L. A., Serrano, B., Elvira, A. I. F., Rodríguez, A. D., Vázquez-Sánchez, M., & Santiago, E. G. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101204 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Efficacy of Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy Across the Affective Disorders
Grös, D. F. (2019) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20190007 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kato, N., Ito, M., Matsuoka, Y., Horikoshi, M., & Ono, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182111644 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Thinking hierarchically about posttraumatic response: Commentary on Lehinger et al. (2022)
Yalch, M. M., Gallagher, A. R., & Watters, K. N. (2022) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22891 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Saed, O., & Khakpoor, S. (2018) · Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Trials: Nervous System Diseases · doi:10.4103/2542-3932.245225 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
İngeç, Ö. E., & Yorulmaz, O. (2021) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry · doi:10.18863/pgy.768731 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Jamshidi, S. S., Hooman, F., & Asgari, P. (2023) · Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care · doi:10.5812/jjcdc-136243 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Torres, V. A., Coe, E., Jackson, J. E., Leonard, K., Rostockyj, J. A., Swensen, K., Meyer, E. C., Gulliver, S. B., & Jones, S. (2025) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.23133 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Lau, W., Chisholm, K., Gallagher, M. W., Felmingham, K. L., Murray, K., Pearce, A., Doyle, N., Alexander, S., O'Brien, H., Putica, A., et al. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101134 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Meyer, E. C., Roth, S. G., Coe, E., Taylor, D. J., & Gulliver, S. B. (2025) · Frontiers in Health Services · doi:10.3389/frhs.2025.1452976 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Weinzimmer, S. A., Goetz, A. R., Guzick, A. G., Hana, L. M., Cepeda, S. L., Schneider, S. C., Kennedy, S. M., Nwankwo, G. N. A., Christian, C. C., Shaw, A. M., et al. (2022) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-022-00967-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Comorbid treatment of traumatic brain injury and mental health disorders
Ragsdale, K. A., Nichols, A., Mehta, M., Maples‐Keller, J. L., Yasinski, C. W., Hyatt, C. S., Watkins, L. E., Loucks, L. A., Carbone, E., Rauch, S. A. M., et al. (2024) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3233/nre-230235 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Apuntes sobre el Protocolo Unificado Transdiagnóstico
Arrigoni, F. S., Consejero, E. M., & Guzmán, J. I. N. (2023) · Acción Psicológica · doi:10.5944/ap.19.1.36971 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Psychopathy and Mood Disorders
Dargis, M. A. (2022) · Dangerous behavior in clinical and forensic psychology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83156-1_8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A Trauma-Informed Approach to the Unified Protocol for Children with Exposure to Child Maltreatment
Gruen, R. L., Lindenbach, D., Arnold, P. D., Ehrenreich, J. T., & Dimitropoulos, G. (2023) · Child maltreatment solutions network · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-33739-0_10 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Rolerson, C., Robinson, M., & Sims, O. T. (2026) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2026.2635760 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Veteran resilience, meaning-making and posttraumatic growth: A cross-sectional network analysis
McMurtrie, B. L., Ponder, W. N., Schuman, D. L., Ahmadi, A., & Carbajal, J. (2026) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100686 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fostering engagement in early sessions of transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Curreri, A. J., Farchione, T. J., & Wang, M. (2019) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/pst0000207 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy: Unified Protocol as an Example
Batmaz, S. (2023) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry · doi:10.18863/pgy.1064590 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
SEVER, M., & Allahverdi, F. Z. (2023) · Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.16953/deusosbil.1282604 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ferreres-Galán, V., Péris-Baquero, Ó., Moreno-Pérez, J. D., & Osma, J. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06159-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Meyer, E. C., Farchione, T. J., Kimbrel, N. A., Kwok, O., Pennington, M. L., Rostockyj, J. A., & Gulliver, S. B. (2025) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2025.101537 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Unified Protocol for Treatment of Depression
Bentley, K. H., Conklin, L. R., Boswell, J. F., Shapero, B. G., & Olesnycky, O. S. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97241-1_12
TRANSDİYAGNOSTİK BİLİŞSEL DAVRANIŞÇI TERAPİ: BİR ÖRNEK OLARAK BÜTÜNLEŞİK PROTOKOLPreprint
Batmaz, S. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/fvy83
La luce dell'anima. Savonarola e la profezia
Garfagnini, G. C. (2019) · I Castelli di Yale online · doi:10.15160/2282-5460/2044
Ward‐Ciesielski, E. F., Curreri, A. J., Woods, B. K., & Barlow, D. H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14332-8_10
Evaluation of a unified protocol transdiagnostic group for treatment of anxiety and depression
McPhail, L., & Ferguson, M. (2022) · Clinical Psychology Forum · doi:10.53841/bpscpf.2022.1.352.9
Kajiwara, M., Kato, N., Nishiuchi, M., Fujisato, H., Kaneko, K., Kuga, H., & Ito, M. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15030389
Rolerson, C., Robinson, M. V., & Sims, O. T. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5257910
The emotional resources group: an extended real-world evaluation
Ford, E., Bacon, T., Gemmell, R., Rae, S., Wiffen, B. D. R., & Watson, P. (2026) · Mental Health Review Journal · doi:10.1108/mhrj-07-2025-0053
Piri, N., Parvizifard, A., Jaberghaderi, N., & Davarinejad, O. (2026) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1303_24
Coe, E., Torres, V. A., Beattie, E. H., Thomas, K. L., Rostockyj, J. A., Pennington, M. L., Cardenas, M. N., Strack, J. E., Dupree, J., Lewis, J. E., et al. (2026) · Journal of Military Veteran and Family Health · doi:10.3138/jmvfh-2024-0025
Gamoran, J., Bushnell, A., Fragkos, E., Darbro, R., Guéyé, A., & Snow‐Hill, N. L. (2026) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-026-01734-2
- Authors
- Varkovitzky, R. L., Sherrill, A. M., & Reger, G. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Varkovitzky, Ruth L.
- Venue
- Behavior Modification
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-08-27
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 210-230
- ISSN
- 0145-4455 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4167
- OpenAlex
- W2748476071
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavior Modification (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders, transdiagnostic psychotherapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, veterans, emotion regulation, depression, PTSD symptom severity, group therapy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depression, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Psychotherapy, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
