Toward a unified treatment for emotional disorders: Update on the science and practice
Abstract
Mental health professionals have long been concerned with describing and proscribing a structure around the myriad variations of psychological and emotional distress that are deemed to be disordered. This has frequently been characterized as a conflict between so-called "lumpers" and "splitters"-those who advocate broad categorizations based on overarching commonalities versus those who endeavor toward a highly refined structure emphasizing unique characteristics. Many would argue that with the era of the modern Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III to DSM-5), a splitting ideology has been dominant despite re-emerging concerns that some groups of diagnoses, particularly disorders of anxiety and other emotions, may be more similar than different. As a result of such concerns, transdiagnostic or unified models of psychopathology have burgeoned. In this review, we describe the work of Barlow, Allen, and Choate (2004), whose invited paper "Toward a Unified Treatment for Emotional Disorders" reignited transdiagnostic perspectives of emotional disorders. We provide an update on the scientific models and evidence-based treatments that have followed in the wake of this 2004 publication, including key areas for future study in the advancement of transdiagnostic and unified treatment of emotional disorders.
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Improvements in one dimension of psychological experiences are associated with improvements in further dimensions of psychological experiences.
“the concept of the transdiagnostic approach (97, 100–109) reflects the observation that improvements in one dimension of psychological experiences are associated with improvements in further dimensions of psychological experiences.”
The Unified Protocol was designed to be applicable across different emotional disorders and represented a significant shift toward transdiagnostic psychological treatments for emotional disorders.
“One example of these treatments is the Unified Protocol (UP) [7], which was designed to be applicable across different EDs and represented a significant shift toward transdiagnostic psychological treatments for EDs [11,12].”
From Negative and positive affect regulation in a transdiagnostic internet-based protocol for emotional disorders: Randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
One of these syndromes can act as a risk factor for other syndromes.
“In addition, one of these syndromes can act as a risk factor for other syndromes.”
Anxiety can be a risk factor for depression or SSD.
“On the other hand, anxiety can be a risk factor for depression or SSD.[10]”
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Self-citationManualized behavior therapy: Merits and challenges
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Mediators of transdiagnostic group cognitive behavior therapy
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Is There a Core Process Across Depression and Anxiety?
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Motivational Interviewing as an Adjunct to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety
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CBT Basics: A Group Approach to Teaching Fundamental Cognitive-Behavioral Skills
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CBT AND THE FUTURE OF PERSONALIZED TREATMENT: A PROPOSAL
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Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural group therapy in patients with anxiety disorders
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Purging Anxiety: A Case Study of Transdignostic CBT for a Complex Fear of Vomiting (Emetophobia)
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Self-citationFrom the Editor—The DSM-5 and Its Role in Social Work Assessment and Research
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Self-citationA Case of Anxiety Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (ADNOS): A Transdiagnostic Approach
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Quality of Life Outcomes Following Transdiagnostic Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety
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Sloan, E., Hall, K., Moulding, R., Bryce, S., Mildred, H., & Staiger, P. K. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.09.002 · Cited by 1,052 · see citing works
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Self-citationUsing machine learning-based analysis for behavioral differentiation between anxiety and depression
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“…disorders, psychosis/schizophrenia or substance use disorders; see above]; rather, we followed the approach suggested by Norton et al. (2013, 2015), Norton and Paulus (2016), Norton and Roberge (2017), Pearl and Norton (2017) and employed a trans-diagnostic approach; (4) based on recent results on…”
BackgroundClayborne, Z. M., Kingsbury, M. K., Sampasa-Kinyaga, H., Sikora, L., Lalande, K. M., & Colman, I. (2020) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-020-01956-z · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Struijs, S. Y., de Jong, P. J., Jeronimus, B. F., van der Does, W. A. J., Riese, H., & Spinhoven, P. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.086 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Rabinak, C. A., Mori, S., Lyons, M., Milad, M. R., & Phan, K. L. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.018 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Johnson, S. U., Hoffart, A., Nordahl, H. M., & Wampold, B. E. (2017) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.06.004 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Norton, P. J., & Roberge, P. (2017) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.003 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Marques, L. M., Morello, L. Y. N., & Boggio, P. S. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33711-5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Paulus, D. J., Gallagher, M. W., Bartlett, B. A., Tran, J., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2018) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.03.012 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationVarkovitzky, R. L., Sherrill, A. M., & Reger, G. M. (2018) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445517724539 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“UP is the synthesis of common strategies used in empirically supported cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs; Norton & Paulus, 2016).”
Methodder Gucht, K. V., Takano, K., Labarque, V., Vandenabeele, K., Nolf, N., Kuylen, S., Cosyns, V., Broeck, N. V., Kuppens, P., & Raes, F. (2016) · Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology · doi:10.1089/jayao.2016.0070 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“Transdiagnostic interventions target symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression and aim at impacting common underlying vulnerability factors.(8) An example of interventions aimed at remediating the psychological vulnerability factors that contribute to emotional distress are mindfulnessbased approaches.”
What is the internal structure of intolerance of uncertainty? A network analysis approach
Bottesi, G., Marchetti, I., Sica, C., & Ghisi, M. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102293 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Francis, S. E. B., Shawyer, F., Cayoun, B., Enticott, J., & Meadows, G. N. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.815170 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Interventions that can address such psychological processes could therefore be used to treat multiple conditions, both within and across individuals, obviating the need to tailor the content to particular diagnostic groups (8, 9).”
BackgroundO'Cleirigh, C., Zvolensky, M. J., Smits, J. A. J., Labbe, A. K., Coleman, J. N., Wilner, J. G., Stanton, A. M., Gonzalez, A., Garey, L., Regenauer, K. S., et al. (2018) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000001787 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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“However, research on the nature of shared mechanism or core underlying processes for affective and anxiety disorders is still emerging [12,13].”
Nomophobia (No Mobile Phone Phobia) and Psychological Health Issues among Young Adult Students
Abdoli, N., Sadeghi-Bahmani, D., Salari, N., Khodamoradi, M., Farnia, V., Jahangiri, S., Brühl, A., Dürsteler, K. M., Stanga, Z., & Brand, S. (2023) · European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe13090128 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Díaz-García, A., González-Robles, A., García-Palacios, A., Fernández-Álvarez, J., Castilla, D., Bretón, J. M., Baños, R. M., Quero, S., & Botella, C. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/21335 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“One example of these treatments is the Unified Protocol (UP) [7], which was designed to be applicable across different EDs and represented a significant shift toward transdiagnostic psychological treatments for EDs [11,12].”
BackgroundMeaning in life as a protective factor against depression
Tomás, M. B., Sevilla, M. D. G., Moliner, A.-R., & Sanchis-Sanchis, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1180082 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“In fact, ER processes have been widely recognized as a transdiagnostic factor in numerous psychological disorders (Aldao, 2012; Krueger and Eaton, 2015; Norton and Paulus, 2015; Fernández et al., 2016; Sloan et al., 2017; Cludius et al., 2020) such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, eating disorders (see Aldao e…”
BackgroundKhakpoor, S., Mohammadi Bytamar, J., & Saed, O. (2019) · Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome · doi:10.4081/ripppo.2019.379 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“…integrates them with evidence-based psychological treatment techniques, such as cognitive restructuring of maladaptive appraisals, changing maladaptive emotiondriven behaviors, preventing emotional avoidance, and exposing with emotional interoceptive and situational cues (Norton & Paulus, 2016).”
BackgroundMetacognitive Therapy for Emotional Distress in Adult Cancer Survivors: A Case Series
Fisher, P. L., Byrne, A., & Salmon, P. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-017-9862-9 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Disorder-specific approaches may also limit the dissemination of psychological treatments as they require healthcare professionals to be trained in different therapeutic models and associated interventions (Norton and Paulus 2016).”
BackgroundTransdiagnostic Behavioral Therapies in Pediatric Primary Care
Walkup, J. T., Mathews, T. L., & Green, C. M. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0448 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Emotional regulation in eating disorders and gambling disorder: A transdiagnostic approach
Munguía, L., Jiménez-Múrcia, S., Granero, R., Baenas, I., Agüera, Z., Sánchez, I., Codina, E., del Pino-Gutiérrez, A., Testa, G., Treasure, J., et al. (2021) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2021.00017 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Feliu-Soler, A., Pérez-Aranda, A., Montero-Marín, J., Herrera-Mercadal, P., Andrés-Rodríguez, L., Angarita-Osorio, N., Williams, A. D., & Luciano, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01446 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“In the last two decades, perceived thought control has been considered a higher-order construct in models of psychopathology, with research indicating it’s relevance as a transdiagnostic predictor of clinical symptoms across mood and anxiety disorders (Brown and Barlow, 2009) and a predictor of treatment outcomes (Nor…”
BackgroundKatz, D., Rector, N. A., & Laposa, J. M. (2017) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2017.1334087 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“For the past decade, the search for transdiagnostic mechanisms of psychopathology has intensified (Barlow, Allen, & Choate, 2004; Norton & Paulus, 2016).”
BackgroundResultArnfred, S. M., Aharoni, R., Hvenegaard, M., Poulsen, S., Bach, B., Arendt, M., Rosenberg, N. K., & Reinholt, N. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1175-0 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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“Support for a bi-factor model makes the classical question whether “we should lump or split” – an ‘either-or discussion’ – irrelevant and obsolete (Norton and Paulus, 2015).”
Nazari, N., Sadeghi, M., Ghadampour, E., & Mirzaeefar, D. (2020) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-020-00480-8 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Group metacognitive therapy for adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders: A pilot study
Thorslund, J., McEvoy, P. M., & Anderson, R. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22914 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Alikhani, M., Ebrahimi, A., Farnia, V., Khazaie, H., Radmehr, F., Mohamadi, E., Davarinejad, O., Dürsteler, K. M., Bahmani, D. S., & Brand, S. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.043 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Talkovsky, A. M., & Norton, P. J. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.104 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of Psychosocial Interventions on Children and Youth Emotion Regulation: A Meta-Analysis
Espenes, K., Tørmoen, A. J., Rognstad, K., Nilsen, W., Waaler, P. M., Wentzel‐Larsen, T., & Kjøbli, J. (2024) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-024-01373-3 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Therefore, an increased interest in transdiagnostic treatment approaches that focus on shared pathological processes has emerged (Barlow et al., 2013; Norton & Paulus, 2016), suggesting that targeting emotion regulation may lead to beneficial outcomes across mental health symptoms.”
Gracia Granados, B., Quintana-Orts, C. L., & Rey Peña, L. (2020) · Health and Addictions/Salud y Drogas · doi:10.21134/haaj.v20i1.473 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“…trastornos mentales, sobre todo entre los trastornos emocionales, en las últimas décadas se ha planteado una nueva perspectiva de intervención transdiagnóstica que plantea la modificación de variables predisponentes y mantenedoras de la psicopatología (Barlow et al., 2017; Norton & Paulus, 2016).”
BackgroundRogers, M. L., Gorday, J. Y., & Joiner, T. E. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Psychometric validation of the Persian version of the Emotional Style Questionnaire
Nazari, N., & Griffiths, M. D. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-01205-1 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Emotional self-regulation, virtual reality and neurofeedback
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Shukla, M., & Pandey, R. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00224-x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Emotion-Focused Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Women with Breast Cancer
Connolly-Zubot, A., Timulak, L., Hession, N., & Coleman, N. (2020) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-019-09439-2 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
la Rosa-Cáceres, A. D., Stasik-O’Brien, S. M., Tejada, A. J. R., Sánchez‐García, M., Lozano, O. M., & Díaz, C. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.187 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bartoli, F., Bassetti, C., Gazzola, M., Gianfelice, L., Cavaleri, D., Crocamo, C., & Carrà, G. (2024) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2024.51 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“64 Another important clinical implication of this study is related to the strong concordance between the long-term predominant polarity and the polarity of the first mood episode: our meta-analyses showed large effects for the relationships between a manic onset and mPP, as well as between a…”
BackgroundBrandt, C. P., Paulus, D. J., Garza, M. J., Lemaire, C. M., Norton, P. J., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2017) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.01.007 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationPaulus, D. J., Brandt, C. P., Lemaire, C., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2020) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2019.1621929 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Given the broad array of anxiety and depressive symptoms commonly experienced by PLHIV (Brandt et al., 2017), transdiagnostic interventions might afford a streamlined intervention approach (Norton & Paulus, 2016), relative to diagnosis-specific interventions (e.g. CBT for panic).”
BackgroundSelf-citationUmegaki, Y., Nakagawa, A., Watkins, E. R., & Mullan, E. (2021) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.01.003 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Regli, J., Bahmani, D. S., Rigotti, V., Stanga, Z. G., Ülgür, I. I., Fichter, C., Lang, U. E., Brühl, A. B., & Brand, S. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13154372 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Meier, M. A., & Meier, M. H. (2017) · Journal of Psychotherapy Integration · doi:10.1037/int0000095 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Hall, K., Youssef, G., Simpson, A., Sloan, E., Graeme, L., Perry, N., Moulding, R., Baker, A. L., Beck, A. K., & Staiger, P. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.554100 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Transdiagnostic approaches, therefore, offer a pragmatic and parsimonious response to complexity and facilitate the translation of evidence-based protocols into practice (Barlow et al., 2004; Brown and Barlow, 2009; Mitchell, 2011; Bearman and Weisz, 2015; Norton and Paulus, 2015; Marchette and Weisz, 2017).”
BackgroundCognitive behavioral therapy for persons living with HIV in China: A randomized pilot trial
Han, S., Hu, Y., Lu, H., Zhang, L., Zhu, Z., Luo, J., Relf, M. V., Mulawa, M. I., Pei, Y., & Wu, B. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.085 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Mental health, gender, and higher education attainment
Burger, K., & Rocha, D. S. (2023) · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s11618-023-01187-3 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“…affectivity was not significantly re-lated to the likelihood of subsequently attaining a degree, although researchers have claimed that negative affectivity puts individuals at risk of functioning poorly in psychological and social domains (Norton and Paulus 2016; Watson and Naragon-3 Gainey 2014).”
Paulus, D. J., Gallagher, M. W., Neighbors, C., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103847 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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“Moreover, IU is considered a trans-therapeutic mechanism of change in treatment (McEvoy & Erceg-Hurn, 2015; Norton & Paulus, 2016; Stevens et al., 2018), and evidence about the effectiveness of transdiagnostic psychological treatments targeting IU is growing (Mofrad et al., 2020; Oglesby et al.,…”
BackgroundEmotion Regulation Among Adolescents With Pediatric Depression As a Function of Anxiety Comorbidity
Dochnal, R., Vetró, Á., Kiss, E., Baji, I., Lefkovics, E., Bylsma, L. M., Yaroslavsky, I., Rottenberg, J. A., Kovács, M., & Kapornai, K. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00722 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Promising results have been reported regarding the development (55, 56, 57) and effectiveness of transdiagnosticbehavioral therapy for children and adolescents with comorbid depression and anxiety (symptoms or disorder) (58).”
BackgroundNazari, N., Aligholipour, A., & Sadeghi, M. (2020) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-020-01109-z · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Mindfulness: the Mediating Roles of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Factors
Maltais, M., Bouchard, G., & Saint‐Aubin, J. (2017) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-017-9665-x · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Castilla, D., Navarro-Haro, M., Suso-Ribera, C., Díaz-García, A., Zaragozá, I., & García-Palacios, A. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-03800-x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Validating the Factor Structure of the Hindi Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale
Bhatnagar, P., Shukla, M., & Pandey, R. (2020) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-020-09796-6 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Evaluating the empirical evidence for three transdiagnostic mechanisms in anxiety and mood disorders
Im, S., & Kahler, J. (2020) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.2020.1828252 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“To account for such tendencies, various processes have been proposed as transdiagnostic mechanisms for emotional disorder (see Norton & Paulus, 2016 for review): emotion regulation (Campbell-Sills & Barlow, 2007), anxiety sensitivity (Naragon-Gainey, 2010), distress tolerance (Zvolensky, Vujanovic,…”
BackgroundMolina, G., & Whittaker, A. (2022) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports · doi:10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100028 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Zargar, F., Rahafrouz, L., & Tarrahi, M. J. (2021) · Advanced Biomedical Research · doi:10.4103/abr.abr_111_19 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“On the other hand, anxiety can be a risk factor for depression or SSD.[10] The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety was conducted on 2008 individuals consisting of 1367 patients with a depressive disorder Access this article online Website: www.advbiores.net DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_111_19 Quick Response Code: This…”
BackgroundInfluentialBahmani, D. S., Parhoon, H., Esmaeili, M., Parhoon, K., Bahmani, L. S., Khazaie, H., Becker, S. P., Burns, G., & Brand, S. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12144607 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Purging Anxiety: A Case Study of Transdignostic CBT for a Complex Fear of Vomiting (Emetophobia)
Paulus, D. J., & Norton, P. J. (2015) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.08.003 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationPerry, N. S., Chaplo, S. D., & Baucom, K. J. W. (2017) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.12.004 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Paulus, D. J., Gallagher, M. W., Rogers, A. H., Viana, A. G., Garza, M. J., Valdivieso, J., Ochoa‐Perez, M., Lemaire, C. M., Bakhshaie, J., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2017) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/ajad.12574 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The sample also had comparable rates of depression, which is commonly comorbid with anxiety(32) with growing support for a common pathology of anxiety and depression.(33) Second, a CFA model (Fig.”
BackgroundSelf-citationPaulus, D. J., Garey, L., Gallagher, M. W., Derrick, J. L., Jardin, C., Langdon, K. J., Ditre, J. W., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2018) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1467432 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, J., Liu, J., & Calhoun, V. D. (2019) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2019.2913145 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“One approach of developing transdiagnostic treatment is largely pragmatic, where a protocol can be inspired by the clinical experience that a specific intervention may apply to an array of disorders [151], [152].”
Harris, K. R., & Norton, P. J. (2019) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.101487 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationBaldini, V., Varallo, G., Pisanò, G., Gnazzo, M., Ronchi, D. D., Tubbs, A. S., Brand, S., Plazzi, G., & Fiorillo, A. (2026) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-026-10256-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
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Taking stock to move forward: Where the field of developmental psychopathology might be heading
Fonagy, P., Luyten, P., Allison, E., & Campbell, C. (2024) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579424000312 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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Exploring trajectories in transdiagnostic behavior therapy
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Quality of Life Outcomes Following Transdiagnostic Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety
Talkovsky, A. M., Paulus, D. J., Kuang, F., & Norton, P. J. (2017) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct_2017_10_01 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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“The malleability of IU in various pathologies highlights the importance of its treatment by deploying a protocol compared to the mere focus on specific disorder features (McEvoy and Erceg-Hurn, 2016; Norton and Paulus, 2016).”
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“When treating multiple psychopathologies, unified treatment protocols that emphasize IU are more effective (McEvoy & Erceg-Hurn, 2016; Norton & Paulus, 2016).”
BackgroundEvaluation of the PAI–A Anxiety and Depression Scales: Evidence of Construct Validity
Vanwoerden, S., Steinberg, L., Coffman, A. D., Paulus, D. J., Morey, L. C., & Sharp, C. (2017) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2017.1347569 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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Emotionsregulation bei psychischen Störungen und in der Psychotherapie
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“…as those presented in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) and previous iterations, they better fit within the more inclusive classification of emotional disorders (Barlow, Allen, & Choate, 2004; Norton & Paulus, 2016, 2017).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationSadeghi-Bahmani, D., Rigotti, V., Stanga, Z., Lang, U. E., Blais, R. K., Kelley, M. L., & Brand, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390636 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Norton, P. J., & Paulus, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Monash University (AU)
- University of Houston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Norton, Peter J.
- Venue
- Behavior Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 854-868
- ISSN
- 0005-7894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1129151716
- Semantic Scholar
- 3d5f4e6770d6f465c2ab691a5395b4b659bb5251
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 175
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 2.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Behavior Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- transdiagnostic model, emotional disorders, anxiety disorders, psychopathology, diagnostic classification, evidence-based treatment
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Behavior Therapy, Emotions, Humans, Models, Psychological, Mood Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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