Change in parental and peer relationship quality during emerging adulthood: Implications for academic, social, and emotional functioning
Abstract
We report on two longitudinal studies, where we examined how stability and change in attachment to parents and peers from the first to last year of college were associated with changes in theoretically relevant outcomes. As expected, students with consistently secure parental and peer attachment evidenced the best academic, social, and emotional functioning overall. Participants with “stable secure” parental attachment reported significant increases in their academic and emotional functioning and their social competencies; on the other hand, students with consistently low parental attachment showed a decline in their emotional functioning. Participants with stable secure peer attachment also reported lower overall levels of depression and loneliness, better social competence, and more favorable attitudes about help-seeking. Finally, students who transitioned from lower to higher parental attachment showed significant declines in loneliness; those transitioning from low to high peer attachment evidenced a significant increase in social functioning. We discuss implications for how college-based programming might serve to forestall declines in parental/peer attachment and/or facilitate skill building among students who identify with a more insecure style at college entry.
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Students who are securely attached to their parents are reported to have a higher positive adjustment to college life.
“students who are securely attached to their parents are reported to have a higher positive adjustment to college life (Holt et al., 2018;Mattanah et al., 2011;Swenson et al., 2008).”
From Social anxiety mediates the effect of attachment to parents on friendships and loneliness during the college transition (2023) · cites this paper as Holt et al., 2018
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- Authors
- Holt, L. J., Mattanah, J. F., & Long, M. W.
- Affiliations
- Trinity College (US)
- Towson University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Holt, Laura J.
- Venue
- Journal of Social and Personal Relationships
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-01-03
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 743-769
- ISSN
- 0265-4075 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-3608
- OpenAlex
- W2782448256
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 7.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Social and Personal Relationships (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Towson University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- parental attachment, peer attachment, emerging adulthood, university students, attachment stability, secure attachment, loneliness, depression, social competence, help-seeking attitudes, academic functioning, emotional functioning, transition to college
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