The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Smartphones distract parents from cultivating feelings of connection when spending time with their children
Open accessAbstract
In the U.S., 95% of smartphone users admit to having used their smartphones during their latest social gathering. Although smartphones are designed to connect us with others, such smartphone use may create a source of distraction that disconnects us from the people in our immediate social environment. Focusing on one fundamental social relationship—between parents and their children—we examined whether smartphones made parents feel distracted, thereby undermining key benefits parents reap when spending time with their children. Ina field experiment at a science museum (Study 1), we randomly assigned parents to use their phones frequently or infrequently. Frequent phone use led parents to feel more distracted, which in turn impaired feelings of social connection and the meaning that parents derived when spending time with their children. In an additional weeklong diary study (Study 2), we found further evidence that smartphones can distract parents from reaping a sense of social connection when spending time with their children. These studies suggest that being constantly connected to the Internet may carry subtle costs for the fabric of social life.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Indeed, across a variety of social situations-from spending time with one's children [29] to sharing a meal with friends [30]-phones decrease well-being precisely by fragmenting people's attention [24].”
From The effects of smartphones on well-being: theoretical integration and research agenda (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
Citations
Cites
(2013) · Cited by 44,563
Social Influence: Compliance and Conformity
Cialdini, R. B., & Goldstein, N. J. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015 · Cited by 6,077
Alone together: why we expect more from technology and less from each other
Fernández Pedemonte, D. (2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-7239 · Cited by 4,608
A Survey Method for Characterizing Daily Life Experience: The Day Reconstruction Method
Kahneman, D., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D. A., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. A. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1103572 · Cited by 3,422
The Ecological Approach To Visual Perception
Gibson, J. J. (2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203767764 · Cited by 2,622
A wandering mind is an unhappy mind
Killingsworth, M. A., & Gilbert, D. T. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1192439 · Cited by 2,575
Daily Well-Being: The Role of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness
Reis, H. T., Sheldon, K. M., Gable, S. L., Roscoe, J., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167200266002 · Cited by 2,067
Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at Our Fingertips
Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1207745 · Cited by 1,762
On the economy of the human-processing system.
Navon, D., & Gopher, D. (1979) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.86.3.214 · Cited by 1,737
Feldman, G., Hayes, A., Kumar, S., Greeson, J., & Laurenceau, J.-P. (2007) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-006-9035-8 · Cited by 1,630
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Gibson J. J. (1977). Theory of affordances. In Shaw R., Bransford J. (Eds.) Perceiving, acting, and knowing (pp. 127–136). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Hayes A. (2013b). Multilevel mediation analysis. Workshop presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Psychological Science, Washington, DC. Retrieved on February 28, 2017, from http://afhayes.com/public/aps2013.pdf
- Kushlev K. (2018). Media technology and well-being: A complementarity-interference model. In Diener E., Oishi S., Tay L. (Eds.), Handbook of well-being. Noba Scholar Handbook series: Subjective well-being. Salt Lake City, UT: DEF publishers. DOI: nobascholar.com
- Sweety J. S. (2016). A study: Mobile computing. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology(IJSRSET), 2, 177–180. Retrieved from http://ijsrset.com/IJSRSET162546.php
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Smartphones, social media use and youth mental health
Abi-Jaoude, E., Naylor, K. T., & Pignatiello, A. (2020) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.190434 · Cited by 627
Montag, C., Lachmann, B., Herrlich, M., & Zweig, K. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16142612 · Cited by 387
“Beyond the mentioned issues, (excessive use of) smartphones is known to impact on social communication in terms of reducing smiles when interacting with strangers [13], enjoyment of face-to-face interaction [14] or drawing parent’s attention away from their children [15].”
BackgroundThe Multipurpose Application WeChat: A Review on Recent Research
Montag, C., Becker, B., & Gan, C. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02247 · Cited by 274
“…also touch the area of a digital etiquette (Montag and Diefenbach, 2018), and more detailed, if WeChat usage leads to lower social connection/taking less care of one’s own children (Kushlev and Dunn, 2018), possibly also resulting in lower empathy (Melchers et al., 2015; Lachmann et al., 2018).”
BackgroundMcDaniel, B. T. (2019) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1002/hbe2.139 · Cited by 255
Two social lives: how differences between online and offline interaction influence social outcomes
Lieberman, A., & Schroeder, J. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.022 · Cited by 252
“Phone use during social interaction can reduce feelings of social connection [41,42 ,43,44], the perceived quality of the interaction [45,46], enjoyment gained from the interaction [47 ], and even frequency of smiling at others [48].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Kushlev, K., & Dunn, E. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kushlev, Kostadin
- Venue
- Journal of Social and Personal Relationships
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-04-10
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1619-1639
- ISSN
- 0265-4075 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-3608
- OpenAlex
- W2796972396
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 47.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Social and Personal Relationships (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (H08–02739)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Keywords
- smartphone use, parental distraction, parent-child relationship, social connectedness, face-to-face interaction, social media use, science museums
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
