Writing SMART rehabilitation goals and achieving goal attainment scaling: a practical guide

Bovend'Eerdt, Thamar JH; Botell, Rachel E; Wade, Derick T

doi:10.1177/0269215508101741

Cited by 754Medical Practices and RehabilitationOccupational Therapy Practice and ResearchStroke Rehabilitation and Recovery

Writing SMART rehabilitation goals and achieving goal attainment scaling: a practical guide

Bovend'Eerdt, Thamar JH, Botell, Rachel E, Wade, Derick T·2009·Clinical Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1177/0269215508101741

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Abstract

Objective: To describe a practical method of setting personalized but specific goals in rehabilitation that also facilitates the use of goal attainment scaling. Background: Rehabilitation is a complex intervention requiring coordinated actions by a team, a process that depends upon setting interdisciplinary goals that are specific, clear and personal to the patient. Goal setting can take much time and still be vague. A practical and standardized method is needed for being specific. Method: A novel approach to writing specific, measurable, achievable, realistic/ relevant and timed (SMART) goals is developed here. Each goal can be built up by using up to four parts: the target activity, the support needed, quantification of performance and the time period to achieve the desired state. This method can be employed as part of goal attainment scaling and the other levels can be easily and quickly formulated by adding, deleting and/or changing one or more of the (sub)parts. Discussion: The success of goal setting and goal attainment scaling depends on the formulation of the goals. The method described here is a useful tool to standardize the writing of goals in rehabilitation. It saves time and simplifies the construction of goals that are sufficiently specific to be measurable.

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Setting an in-between '−2' score as the 'current' level is recommended in previous research in order to prevent floor effects and capture deterioration from the 'current' individuals' state.
“Setting an in-between ‘−2’ score as the ‘current’ level is recommended in previous research in order to prevent floor effects and capture deterioration from the ‘current’ individuals’ state.21”
From Blended intervention based on acceptance and commitment therapy for informal caregivers of people with dementia (ACT-IC): Protocol of a mixed-methods feasibility study (2023) · cites this paper as [21]

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Authors: Bovend'Eerdt, T. J., Botell, R. E., & Wade, D. T.
Affiliations: Oxford Brookes University and Oxford Centre for Enablement, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford,
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre (GB)
ORCID: Wade, Derick T
Venue: Clinical Rehabilitation
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2009-02-23
Volume: 23
Issue: 4
Pages: 352-361
ISSN: 0269-2155 (ISSN-L)
1477-0873
DOI: 10.1177/0269215508101741
OpenAlex: W2131171698
Cited by: 754
References: 19
Citations by year: 2026: 54 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 28.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Clinical Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Therapy Practice and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Keywords: SMART goals, goal setting, goal attainment scaling, rehabilitation goals, goal formulation, patient-centered goals, interdisciplinary rehabilitation
MeSH terms: Goals, Humans, Occupational Therapy, Patient Care Planning

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Writing SMART rehabilitation goals and achieving goal attainment scaling: a practical guide

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