The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption

Davis, Alan K; Barsuglia, Joseph P; Lancelotta, Rafael; Grant, Robert M; Renn, Elise

doi:10.1177/0269881118769063

Cited by 140Psychedelics and Drug StudiesForensic Toxicology and Drug AnalysisAlkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology

The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption

Open access

Davis, Alan K, Barsuglia, Joseph P, Lancelotta, Rafael, Grant, Robert M, Renn, Elise·2018·Journal of Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1177/0269881118769063PMC PMC6248886

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background/aim: 5-Methoxy- N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychoactive compound found in several plants and in high concentrations in Bufo alvarius toad venom. Synthetic, toad, and plant-sourced 5-MeO-DMT are used for spiritual and recreational purposes and may have psychotherapeutic effects. However, the use of 5-MeO-DMT is not well understood. Therefore, we examined patterns of use, motivations for consumption, subjective effects, and potential benefits and consequences associated with 5-MeO-DMT use. Methods: Using internet-based advertisements, 515 respondents ( M age =35.4. SD=11.7; male=79%; White/Caucasian=86%; United States resident=42%) completed a web-based survey. Results: Most respondents consumed 5-MeO-DMT infrequently (<once/year), for spiritual exploration, and had used less than four times in their lifetime. The majority (average of 90%) reported moderate-to-strong mystical-type experiences ( M intensity =3.64, SD=1.11; range 0–5; e.g., ineffability, timelessness, awe/amazement, experience of pure being/awareness), and relatively fewer (average of 37%) experienced very slight challenging experiences ( M intensity =0.95, SD=0.91; range 0–5; e.g., anxiousness, fear). Less than half (39%) reported repeated consumption during the same session, and very few reported drug craving/desire (8%), or legal (1%), medical (1%), or psychiatric (1%) problems related to use. Furthermore, of those who reported being diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, the majority reported improvements in symptoms following 5-MeO-DMT use, including improvements related to post-traumatic stress disorder (79%), depression (77%), anxiety (69%), and alcoholism (66%) or drug use disorder (60%). Conclusion: Findings suggest that 5-MeO-DMT is used infrequently, predominantly for spiritual exploration, has low potential for addiction, and might have psychotherapeutic effects. Future research should examine the safety and pharmacokinetics of 5-MeO-DMT administration in humans using rigorous experimental designs.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/0269881118769063

Cites

40 of 44 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

5-MeO-DMT has an acceptable physiological safety profile in naturalistic settings.
“it appears that 5-MeO-DMT has an acceptable physiological safety profile in naturalistic settings (Davis et al. 2018; Davis et al. 2019)”
From Prospective examination of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine inhalation: effects on salivary IL-6, cortisol levels, affect, and non-judgment (2020) · cites this paper as Davis et al. 2018
The Discussion describes a relatively good safety profile in spiritual and recreational settings and reports low rates of medical complications. The Results on medical functioning also report that worsening was uncommon. These self-reported findings support an apparent safety profile in naturalistic use, but the paper does not establish a specifically physiological safety profile through physiological measurements. (LLM, conf=0.81)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
People who reported having had a psychiatric condition experienced improvement in depression (77%), anxiety (69%), PTSD (79%), and substance use disorders (60%) following the use of 5-MeO-DMT.
“people who reported having had a psychiatric condition described that following the use of 5-MeO-DMT, they experienced improvement in depression (77%), anxiety (69%), post-traumatic stress disorder (79%), and substance use disorders (60%) (Davis et al. 2018).”
From Prospective examination of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine inhalation: effects on salivary IL-6, cortisol levels, affect, and non-judgment (2020) · cites this paper as Davis et al. 2018
The Results section reports self-reported improvement following 5-MeO-DMT use for depression (77%), anxiety (69%), and PTSD (79%) among respondents with those conditions. It reports approximately 63% for substance use problems overall, rather than 60%; the 60% figure refers specifically to drug use disorder, while alcoholism or hazardous drinking is reported separately at 66%. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
5-MeO-DMT has become popular in naturalistic settings for spiritual exploration, recreation, or to improve affect or relieve mental health problems.
“At the present time, 5-MeO-DMT has become popular in naturalistic settings as a means for spiritual exploration, recreation, or as a way to increase affect or relieve problems associated with mental health (Davis et al. 2018).”
From Prospective examination of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine inhalation: effects on salivary IL-6, cortisol levels, affect, and non-judgment (2020) · cites this paper as Davis et al. 2018
The Introduction describes use in ceremonial and other nonclinical settings for spiritual exploration, recreation, and self-treatment of psychiatric symptoms. The Results section on motivations reports those three reasons among respondents, and the section on subjective effects reports positive mood experiences. However, the paper does not establish that use has become popular or that improving affect was a reason for use. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
5-MeO-DMT has low addiction liability.
“as well as a low addiction liability (Davis et al. 2018)”
From Prospective examination of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine inhalation: effects on salivary IL-6, cortisol levels, affect, and non-judgment (2020) · cites this paper as Davis et al. 2018

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments
Perneger, T. V. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7139.1236 · Cited by 5,900 · see citing works
Measuring personality in one minute or less: A 10-item short version of the Big Five Inventory in English and German
Rammstedt, B., & John, O. P. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001 · Cited by 4,244 · see citing works
The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2008) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760701756946 · Cited by 2,396 · see citing works
Psilocybin can occasion mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual significance
Griffiths, R. R., Richards, W. A., McCann, U., & Jesse, R. (2006) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0457-5 · Cited by 1,684 · cited 5× · see citing works
“…anxiety, fear), experiences at a similar intensity as moderate to high-dose psilocybin administered in laboratory settings (Barsuglia et al., 2017; Griffiths et al., 2006), and that the duration of effect is substantially shorter (20-40 minutes compared to 4-6 hours; Erowid, n.d.; Ott, 2001a),…”
Influential
The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A Five-Item Measure for Use in Epidemological Studies
Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, A. (2010) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel1010078 · Cited by 1,113 · see citing works
Psilocybin-Occasioned mystical experiences in the treatment of tobacco addiction.
Garcia-Romeu, A., Griffiths, R., & Johnson, M. (2015) · Current Drug Abuse Reviews · doi:10.2174/1874473708666150107121331 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
The pharmacology of psilocybin
Passie, T., Seifert, J., Schneider, U., & Emrich, H. M. (2002) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1080/1355621021000005937 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
The pharmacology of lysergic acid diethylamide: A review
Passie, T., Halpern, J. H., Stichtenoth, D. O., Emrich, H. M., & Hintzen, A. (2008) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Factor Analysis of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire: A Study of Experiences Occasioned by the Hallucinogen Psilocybin
MacLean, K. A., Leoutsakos, J. S., Johnson, M. W., & Griffiths, R. R. (2012) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2012.01685.x · Cited by 405 · see citing works
The Challenging Experience Questionnaire: Characterization of challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms
Barrett, F. S., Bradstreet, M. P., Leoutsakos, J.-M. S., Johnson, M. W., & Griffiths, R. R. (2016) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881116678781 · Cited by 366 · cited 6× · see citing works
“We included the Challenging Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ), a 26-item self-report measure developed to assess the intensity of challenging experiences one might have after taking a hallucinogen (Barrett et al., 2016).”
Influential
Psychedelics and mental health: a population study
Krebs, T. S., & Johansen, P.-Ø. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063972 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin
Johnson, M. W., & Griffiths, R. R. (2017) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-017-0542-y · Cited by 301 · see citing works
The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain
Nagai, F., Nonaka, R., & Satoh Hisashi Kamimura, K. (2007) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.075 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Social media recruitment and online data collection: A beginner’s guide and best practices for accessing low-prevalence and hard-to-reach populations.
King, D. B., O’Rourke, N., & DeLongis, A. (2014) · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/a0038087 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale
Hodge, D. R. (2003) · Journal of Social Service Research · doi:10.1300/j079v30n01_03 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Differential interactions of indolealkylamines with 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes
McKenna, D. J., Repke, D. B., Lo, L., & Peroutka, S. J. (1990) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/0028-3908(90)90001-8 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Psychedelic N,N-Dimethyltryptamine and 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine Modulate Innate and Adaptive Inflammatory Responses through the Sigma-1 Receptor of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
Szabo, A., Kovacs, A., Frecska, E., & Rajnavolgyi, E. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106533 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Self-reported use of novel psychoactive substances in a US nationally representative survey: Prevalence, correlates, and a call for new survey methods to prevent underreporting
Palamar, J. J., Martins, S. S., Su, M. K., & Ompad, D. C. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.028 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Psychedelic 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine: Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics, Drug Interactions, and Pharmacological Actions
Shen, H.-W., Jiang, X.-L., C. Winter, J., & Yu, A.-M. (2010) · Current Drug Metabolism · doi:10.2174/138920010794233495 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
A fatal intoxication following the ingestion of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in an ayahuasca preparation.
Sklerov, J., Levine, B., Moore, K. A., King, T., & Fowler, D. (2005) · Journal of Analytical Toxicology · doi:10.1093/jat/29.8.838 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Hallucinogen-like actions of 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine in mice and rats
Fantegrossi, W. E., Harrington, A. W., Kiessel, C. L., Eckler, J. R., Rabin, R. A., Winter, J. C., Coop, A., Rice, K. C., & Woods, J. H. (2006) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2005.12.015 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Multiple DSM‐5 substance use disorders: A national study of US adults
McCabe, S. E., West, B. T., Jutkiewicz, E. M., & Boyd, C. J. (2017) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2625 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Hallucinogenic drug interactions at human brain 5-HT2 receptors: Implications for treating LSD-induced hallucinogenesis
Sadzot, B., Baraban, J. M., Glennon, R. A., Lyon, R. A., Leonhardt, S., Jan, C.-R., & Titeler, M. (1989) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00441948 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Bufo alvarius: a potent hallucinogen of animal origin
Weil, A., & Davis, W. (1994) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/0378-8741(94)90051-5 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Pharmepéna-Psychonautics: Human Intranasal, Sublingual and Oral Pharmacology of 5-Methoxy-N, N-Dimethyl-Tryptamine
Ott, J. (2001) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2001.10399925 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of young adults' anonymous online reports of marijuana use and thoughts about use.
Ramo, D. E., Liu, H., & Prochaska, J. J. (2011) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0026201 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Indole Alkaloids of Acer saccharinum (the Silver Maple), Dictyoloma incanescens, Piptadenia colubrina, and Mimosa hostilis
Pachter, I. J., Zacharias, D. E., & Ribeiro, O. (1959) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo01091a032 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Bufo Toads and Bufotenine: Fact and Fiction Surrounding an Alleged Psychedelic
Lyttle, T., GOLDSTEIN, D. M., & Gartz, J. (1996) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.1996.10472488 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Alkaloids in Certain Species of Virola and Other South American Plants of Ethnopharmacologic Interest.
Agurell, S., Holmstedt, B. R., Lindgren, J., Schultes, R. E., Lindberg, A. A., Jansen, G., Lamm, B., & Samuelsson, B. (1969) · Acta chemica Scandinavica/Acta chemica Scandinavica. B, Organic chemistry and biochemistry/Acta chemica Scandinavica. A, Physical and inorganic chemistry/Acta chemica Scandinavica. Series B. Organic chemistry and biochemistry/Acta chemica Scandinavica. Series A, Physical and inorganic chemistry · doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-0903 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
High-affinity Agonist Binding Is Not Sufficient for Agonist Efficacy at 5-Hydroxytryptamine2A Receptors: Evidence in Favor of a Modified Ternary Complex Model
Roth, B. L., Choudhary, M. S., Khan, N. A., & Uluer, A. (1997) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(24)36476-6 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Tryptamines and β-Carbolines A Minireview
McKenna, D. J., & Towers, G. H. N. (1984) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.1984.10472305 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Serotonin receptor subtype mediation of the interoceptive discriminative stimuli induced by 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine
Spencer, D. G., Gläser, T., & Traber, J. (1987) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00179927 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Hallucinogens as discriminative stimuli in animals: LSD, phenethylamines, and tryptamines
Winter, J. C. (2009) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1356-8 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Anadenanthera. Visionary Plant of Ancient South America
Bussmann, R. W. (2006) · Economic Botany · doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2006)60[302:avpoas]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Indolealkylamines: Biotransformations and Potential Drug–Drug Interactions
Yu, A. (2008) · The AAPS Journal · doi:10.1208/s12248-008-9028-5 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
5-HT2A receptor-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the stimulus effects of hallucinogens
Rabin, R. A., Regina, M. J., Doat, M., & Winter, J. C. (2002) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00720-1 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
ÜBER DIE SYNTHESE DES BUFOTENIN-METHYL-ÄTHERS (5-METHOXY-N-DIMETHYL-TRYPTAMIN) UND BUFOTENINS (SYNTHESEN IN DER INDOL-GRUPPE. XV)
Hoshino, T., & Shimodaira, K. (1936) · Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan · doi:10.1246/bcsj.11.221 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The prevalence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) use in non-clinical populations: a systematic review protocol
Khaled, S. M., Hughes, E. A., Bressington, D. T., Zolezzi, M., Radwan, A., Badnapurkar, A., & Gray, R. J. (2016) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-016-0375-5 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Hallucinogen Use Disorders Among Adult Users of MDMA and Other Hallucinogens
Wu, L.-T. T., Ringwalt, C. L., Mannelli, P., & Patkar, A. A. (2008) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/10550490802269064 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics of 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in Mice
Shen, H.-W., Jiang, X.-L., & Yu, A. (2011) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.111.039107 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Patterns of Use, Acute Subjective Experiences, and Motivations for Using Synthetic Cathinones (“Bath Salts”) in Recreational Users
Ashrafioun, L., Bonadio, F. T., Baik, K. D., Bradbury, S. L., Carhart, V. L., Cross, N. A., Davis, A. K., Feuille, M., Harper, A. R., Lackey, J. H., et al. (2016) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2016.1229875 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to predict implementation of harm reduction strategies among MDMA/ecstasy users.
Davis, A. K., & Rosenberg, H. (2016) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000167 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
Modification of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine-induced hyperactivity by monoamine oxidase A inhibitor harmaline in mice and the underlying serotonergic mechanisms
Jiang, X.-L., Shen, H.-W., & Yu, A.-M. (2016) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pharep.2016.01.008 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Schedules of controlled substances: placement of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine into Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. Final rule.
(2010) · PubMed · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Barsuglia J, Davis A, Palmer R, (2017) Characterization of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT-Containing Toad Bufotoxin and Comparison with Prior Psilocybin Studies. In: 23 April 2017. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26984.26883. · DOI
Gjolaj N and MacDonald DA (2011) Confirmatory Factor Analysis of a Revised Death Transcendence Scale. Archive for the Psychology of Religion 33(1): 79– 91. DOI: 10.1163/157361211X564620. · DOI
Shulgin A, Shulgin A (1997) TiHKAL the continuation. Transform Press, Berkeley

Sorted by citations

Psychedelics, meditation, and self-consciousness
Millière, R., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L., Trautwein, F.-M., & Berkovich-Ohana, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01475 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Psychological flexibility mediates the relations between acute psychedelic effects and subjective decreases in depression and anxiety
Davis, A. K., Barrett, F. S., & Griffiths, R. R. (2020) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.004 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Self-citation
Therapeutic effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics: a systematic review of modern-era clinical studies
Andersen, K. A. A., Carhart‐Harris, R., Nutt, D. J., & Erritzoe, D. (2021) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13249 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Cessation and reduction in alcohol consumption and misuse after psychedelic use
Garcia‐Romeu, A., Davis, A. K., Erowid, F., Erowid, E., Griffiths, R. R., & Johnson, M. W. (2019) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881119845793 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citation
Long-term effects of psychedelic drugs: A systematic review
Aday, J. S., Mitzkovitz, C. M., Bloesch, E. K., Davoli, C. C., & Davis, A. K. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.017 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Self-citation
Survey of subjective "God encounter experiences": Comparisons among naturally occurring experiences and those occasioned by the classic psychedelics psilocybin, LSD, ayahuasca, or DMT
Griffiths, R. R., Hurwitz, E. S., Davis, A. K., Johnson, M. W., & Jesse, R. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214377 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Self-citation
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a naturalistic setting is related to sustained enhancement of satisfaction with life, mindfulness-related capacities, and a decrement of psychopathological symptoms.
Uthaug, M. V., Lancelotta, R., van Oorsouw, K., Kuypers, K. P. C., Mason, N., Rak, J., Šuláková, A., Jurok, R., Maryška, M., Kuchař, M., et al. (2019) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05236-w · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citation
Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD
Davis, A. K., Barrett, F. S., So, S., Gukasyan, N., Swift, T. C., & Griffiths, R. R. (2021) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881120967878 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citation
Persisting Reductions in Cannabis, Opioid, and Stimulant Misuse After Naturalistic Psychedelic Use: An Online Survey
Garcia‐Romeu, A., Davis, A. K., Erowid, E., Erowid, F., Griffiths, R. R., & Johnson, M. W. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00955 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citation
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used in a naturalistic group setting is associated with unintended improvements in depression and anxiety
Davis, A. K., So, S., Lancelotta, R., Barsuglia, J. P., & Griffiths, R. R. (2019) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1545024 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prospective examination of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine inhalation: effects on salivary IL-6, cortisol levels, affect, and non-judgment
Uthaug, M. V., Lancelotta, R., Szabo, A., Davis, A. K., Riba, J., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2020) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05414-w · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“Nevertheless, from a recent survey among users in the general population, it appears that 5-MeO-DMT has an acceptable physiological safety profile in naturalistic settings (Davis et al. 2018; Davis et al. 2019), as well as a low addiction liability (Davis et al. 2018).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citation
The clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT)
Reckweg, J. T., Uthaug, M. V., Szabó, A., Davis, A. K., Lancelotta, R., Mason, N. L., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2022) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15587 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychedelic therapy in the treatment of addiction: the past, present and future
Zafar, R. R., Siegel, M., Harding, R., Barba, T., Agnorelli, C., Suseelan, S., Roseman, L., Wall, M. B., Nutt, D., & Erritzøe, D. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1183740 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
A phase 1/2 trial to assess safety and efficacy of a vaporized 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine formulation (GH001) in patients with treatment-resistant depression
Reckweg, J. T., van Leeuwen, C. J., Henquet, C., van Amelsvoort, T., Theunissen, E. L., Mason, N. L., Paci, R., Terwey, T. H., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1133414 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Identification of Psychoplastogenic N , N -Dimethylaminoisotryptamine (isoDMT) Analogues through Structure–Activity Relationship Studies
Dunlap, L. E., Azinfar, A., Ly, C., Cameron, L. P., Viswanathan, J., Tombari, R. J., Myers-Turnbull, D., Taylor, J. C., Grodzki, A. C., Lein, P. J., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01404 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
A narrative synthesis of research with 5-MeO-DMT
Ermakova, A. O., Dunbar, F., Rucker, J., & Johnson, M. W. (2021) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811211050543 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Psychedelic Treatment for Trauma-Related Psychological and Cognitive Impairment Among US Special Operations Forces Veterans
Davis, A. K., Averill, L. A., Sepeda, N. D., Barsuglia, J. P., & Amoroso, T. (2020) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/2470547020939564 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citation
Intensity of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT and Comparison With a Prior Psilocybin Study
Barsuglia, J. P., Davis, A. K., Palmer, R. L., Lancelotta, R., Windham-Herman, A.-M., Peterson, K., Polanco, M., Grant, R., & Griffiths, R. R. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02459 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citation
Increases in Psychological Flexibility Mediate Relationship Between Acute Psychedelic Effects and Decreases in Racial Trauma Symptoms Among People of Color
Davis, A. K., Xin, Y., Sepeda, N. D., Garcia-Romeu, A., & Williams, M. T. (2021) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/24705470211035607 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citation
Ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics: An update on the mechanisms and biosignatures underlying rapid-acting antidepressant treatment
Johnston, J. N., Kadriu, B., Allen, J., Gilbert, J. R., Henter, I. D., & Zarate, C. A. (2023) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109422 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The epidemiology of mescaline use: Pattern of use, motivations for consumption, and perceived consequences, benefits, and acute and enduring subjective effects
Uthaug, M. V., Davis, A. K., Haas, T. F., Davis, D. D., Dolan, S. B., Lancelotta, R., Timmermann, C., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2021) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811211013583 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citation
How does psilocybin therapy work? An exploration of experiential avoidance as a putative mechanism of change
Zeifman, R. J., Wagner, A. C., Monson, C. M., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.105 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
5-MeO-DMT modifies innate behaviors and promotes structural neural plasticity in mice
Jefferson, S. J., Gregg, I., Dibbs, M., Liao, C., Wu, H., Davoudian, P. A., Woodburn, S. C., Wehrle, P. H., Sprouse, J. S., Sherwood, A. M., et al. (2023) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01572-w · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Psilocybin for Trauma-Related Disorders
Khan, A. J., Bradley, E., O’Donovan, A., & Woolley, J. (2022) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2022_366 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
A Phase 1, Dose-Ranging Study to Assess Safety and Psychoactive Effects of a Vaporized 5-Methoxy-N, N-Dimethyltryptamine Formulation (GH001) in Healthy Volunteers
Reckweg, J., Mason, N. L., van Leeuwen, C., Toennes, S. W., Terwey, T. H., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.760671 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Associations between ayahuasca consumption in naturalistic settings and current alcohol and drug use: Results of a large international cross‐sectional survey
Perkins, D., Opaleye, E. S., Šimonová, H., Bouso, J. C., Tófoli, L. F., Coelho, N. L. G., Schubert, V., & Sarris, J. J. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/dar.13348 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Psychedelics: Alternative and Potential Therapeutic Options for Treating Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Lowe, H. I. C., Toyang, N., Steele, B., Grant, J. F., Ali, A., Gordon, L., & Ngwa, W. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27082520 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The varieties of selflessness
Millière, R. (2020) · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences · doi:10.33735/phimisci.2020.i.48 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Toxicology and Analysis of Psychoactive Tryptamines
Malaca, S., Faro, A. F. L., Tamborra, A., Pichini, S., Busardò, F. P., & Huestis, M. A. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21239279 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Fatal intoxication related to two new arylcyclohexylamine derivatives (2F-DCK and 3-MeO-PCE)
Gicquel, T., Richeval, C., Mesli, V., Gish, A., Hakim, F., Pelletier, R., Cornez, R., Balgairies, A., Allorge, D., & Gaulier, J. (2021) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110852 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Psychedelics and potential benefits in “healthy normals”: A review of the literature
Gandy, S. (2019) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2019.029 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
A qualitative descriptive analysis of effects of psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamines
Palamar, J. J., & Acosta, P. (2020) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2719 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Effects of DMT on mental health outcomes in healthy volunteers
Timmermann, C., Zeifman, R. J., Erritzøe, D., Nutt, D., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53363-y · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Motives for the use of serotonergic psychedelics: A systematic review
Basedow, L. A., & Kuitunen‐Paul, S. (2022) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/dar.13480 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Phase 1, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose trial to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics and effect on altered states of consciousness of intranasal BPL-003 (5-methoxy- N,N -dimethyltryptamine benzoate) in healthy participants
Rucker, J., Roberts, C., Seynaeve, M., Young, A. H., Suttle, B., Yamamoto, T., Ermakova, A. O., Dunbar, F., & Wiegand, F. (2024) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811241246857 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
N,N‐dimethyltryptamine and Amazonian ayahuasca plant medicine
James, E., Keppler, J., Robertshaw, T. L., & Sessa, B. (2022) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2835 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Engineering Safer Psychedelics for Treating Addiction
Peters, J., & Olson, D. E. (2021) · Neuroscience Insights · doi:10.1177/26331055211033847 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
A case report SPECT study and theoretical rationale for the sequential administration of ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT in the treatment of alcohol use disorder
Barsuglia, J. P., Polanco, M., Palmer, R., Malcolm, B. J., Kelmendi, B., & Calvey, T. (2018) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.08.002 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citation
Synthesis and Characterization of 5-MeO-DMT Succinate for Clinical Use
Sherwood, A. M., Claveau, R., Lancelotta, R., Kaylo, K. W., & Lenoch, K. (2020) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c05099 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychedelics for Brain Injury: A Mini-Review
Khan, M., Carter, G. T., Aggarwal, S. K., & Holland, J. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.685085 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Use of Benefit Enhancement Strategies among 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) Users: Associations with Mystical, Challenging, and Enduring Effects
Lancelotta, R. L., & Davis, A. K. (2020) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2020.1737763 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citation
Benefits and Challenges of Ultra-Fast, Short-Acting Psychedelics in the Treatment of Depression
Ramaekers, J. G., Reckweg, J. T., & Mason, N. L. (2025) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20230890 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Altered States Database: Psychometric data from a systematic literature review
Prugger, J., Derdiyok, E., Dinkelacker, J., Costines, C., & Schmidt, T. T. (2022) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01822-4 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Psilocybin and Dimethyltryptamine in Depression Treatment: A Systematic Review
Więckiewicz, G., Stokłosa, I., Piegza, M. J., Gorczyca, P. W., & Pudło, R. (2021) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph14080793 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
5-HT2A SNPs Alter the Pharmacological Signaling of Potentially Therapeutic Psychedelics
Schmitz, G. P., Jain, M. K., Slocum, S. T., & Roth, B. L. (2022) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00815 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Anxiety-like behavior induced by salicylate depends on age and can be prevented by a single dose of 5-MeO-DMT
Winne, J., Ciralli, B., Malfatti, T., Brisa, E., Doerl, J. G., Nogueira, I., Leão, K. E., & Leão, R. N. (2020) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113175 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants
Inserra, A., Campanale, A., Rezai, T., Romualdi, P., & Rubino, T. (2024) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-024-03055-y · Cited by 27 · see citing works
5-MeO-DMT: An atypical psychedelic with unique pharmacology, phenomenology & risk?
Dourron, H. M., Nichols, C. D., Simonsson, O., Bradley, M. K., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Hendricks, P. S. (2023) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-023-06517-1 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Reactivations after 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine use in naturalistic settings: An initial exploratory analysis of the phenomenon’s predictors and its emotional valence
Bernal, A. M. O., Raison, C. L., Lancelotta, R., & Davis, A. K. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1049643 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
Subtypes of the psychedelic experience have reproducible and predictable effects on depression and anxiety symptoms
Nikolaidis, A., Lancelotta, R., Gukasyan, N., Griffiths, R. R., Barrett, F. S., & Davis, A. K. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.042 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
A comparison of reactivation experiences following vaporization and intramuscular injection (IM) of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a naturalistic setting
Uthaug, M. V., Lancelotta, R., Bernal, A. M. O., Davis, A. K., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2020) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2020.00123 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mycotherapy: Potential of Fungal Bioactives for the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders and Morbidities of Chronic Pain
Meade, E., Hehir, S., Rowan, N. J., & Garvey, M. (2022) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof8030290 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Predictors and potentiators of psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences
Gandy, S. (2022) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2022.00198 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Inhaled 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine: Supportive context associated with positive acute and enduring effects
Sepeda, N. D., Clifton, J. M., Doyle, L. Y., Lancelotta, R., Griffiths, R. R., & Davis, A. K. (2019) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2019.033 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citation
The use of classic psychedelics among adults: a Danish online survey study
Juul, T. S., Jensen, M. E., & Fink‐Jensen, A. (2022) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2022.2125069 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Epidemiology of classic psychedelic substances: results from a Norwegian internet convenience sample
Kvam, T.-M., Uthaug, M. V., Andersen, K. A. A., Refsum, B. B., Tunstad, P. A., Stewart, L. H., Jacobsen, H. B., & Grønnerød, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1287196 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hallucinogenic drugs and their potential for treating fear‐related disorders: Through the lens of fear extinction
Glavonic, E., Mitić, M., & Adžić, M. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.25017 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Prospective associations of psychedelic treatment for co-occurring alcohol misuse and posttraumatic stress symptoms among United States Special Operations Forces Veterans
Armstrong, S. B., Xin, Y., Sepeda, N. D., Polanco, M., Averill, L. A., & Davis, A. K. (2023) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1080/08995605.2022.2156200 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychedelics in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders and Addictive Behaviors: A Scoping Review
Richard, J., & Garcia‐Romeu, A. (2025) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-025-00629-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Psychedelic risks and benefits: A cross-sectional survey study
Goldy, S. P., Du, B. A., Rohde, J. S., Nayak, S. M., Strickland, J. C., Ehrenkranz, R. C., Levine, M., Barrett, F. S., & Yaden, D. B. (2024) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811241292951 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Complex slow waves in the human brain under 5-MeO-DMT
Blackburne, G., McAlpine, R. G., Fabus, M. S., Liardi, A., Kamboj, S. K., Mediano, P. A. M., & Skipper, J. I. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116040 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
5-MeO-DMT for post-traumatic stress disorder: a real-world longitudinal case study
Ragnhildstveit, A., Khan, R., Seli, P., Bass, L. C., August, R. J., Kaiyo, M., Barr, N., Jackson, L. K., Gaffrey, M. S., Barsuglia, J. P., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1271152 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
The potential of 5‐methoxy‐ N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine in the treatment of alcohol use disorder: A first look at therapeutic mechanisms of action
Tap, S. C. (2024) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.13386 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Patterns of use, desired effects, and mental health status of a sample of natural psychoactive drug users
Aixalà, M., Oña, G., Parés, Ò., & Bouso, J. C. (2019) · Drugs Education Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1080/09687637.2019.1611739 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Key Characteristics and Development of Psychoceuticals: A Review
Cano, G. E. H., Dean, J., Abreu, S. P., Rodríguez, A. H., Abbasi, C., Hinson, M., & Lucke-Wold, B. P. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232415777 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Cardiovascular effects of bufotenin on human 5-HT4 serotonin receptors in cardiac preparations of transgenic mice and in human atrial preparations
Neumann, J., Schulz, N., Fehse, C., Azatsian, K., Čináková, A., Marušáková, M., Hofmann, B., & Gergs, U. (2023) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-023-02414-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—N,N-Dimethyltryptamine and Ayahuasca
Shinozuka, K., Tabaac, B. J., Arenas, A., Beutler, B. D., Cherian, K. N., Evans, V. D., Fasano, C., & Muir, O. S. (2024) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0000000000001725 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Clinical Effects of Psychedelic Substances Reported to United States Poison Centers: 2012 to 2022
Simon, M. W., Olsen, H. A., Hoyte, C. O., Black, J. C., Reynolds, K. M., Dart, R. C., & Monte, A. A. (2024) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.06.025 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Psychedelics: From Cave Art to 21st-Century Medicine for Addiction
Vamvakopoulou, I. A., & Nutt, D. J. (2024) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000540062 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Serotonin 1A Receptors Modulate Serotonin 2A Receptor-Mediated Behavioral Effects of 5-Methoxy- N , N -dimethyltryptamine Analogs in Mice
Glatfelter, G. C., Clark, A. A., Cavalco, N. G., Landavazo, A., Partilla, J. S., Naeem, M., Golen, J. A., Chadeayne, A. R., Manke, D. R., Blough, B. E., et al. (2024) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00513 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Effects of hallucinogenic drugs on the human heart
Neumann, J., Dhein, S., Kirchhefer, U., Hofmann, B., & Gergs, U. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1334218 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Short-term safety and tolerability profile of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in human subjects: a systematic review of clinical trials
Kwaśny, A., Wilkowska, A., & Cubała, W. J. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1477996 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Tryptamines in the Poison of Incilius alvarius (Amphibia: Bufonidae)
Schwelm, H. M., Zimmermann, N., Scholl, T., Penner, J., Autret, A., Auwärter, V., & Neukamm, M. A. (2021) · Journal of Analytical Toxicology · doi:10.1093/jat/bkab038 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Acute and subacute psychoactive effects of Kambô, the secretion of the Amazonian Giant Maki Frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor): retrospective reports
Schmidt, T. T., Reiche, S., Hage, C. L. C., Bermpohl, F., & Majić, T. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78527-4 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Narrating the Unspeakable
Harris, S. (2020) · Journal of Extreme Anthropology · doi:10.5617/jea.7365 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Psilocybin as a Novel Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Refractory Anorexia Nervosa
Rodan, S.-C., Aouad, P., McGregor, I. S., & Maguire, S. (2021) · OBM Neurobiology · doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102102 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hallucinations and Hallucinogens: Psychopathology or Wisdom?
Bouso, J. C., Oña, G., Kohek, M., SANTOS, R. G. D., Hallak, J. E. C., Alcázar‐Córcoles, M. Á., & Obiols‐Llandrich, J. (2023) · Culture Medicine and Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s11013-022-09814-0 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Hypothetical biosynthetic pathways of pharmaceutically potential hallucinogenic metabolites in Myristicaceae, mechanistic convergence and co-evolutionary trends in plants and humans
Barman, R., Bora, P. K., Saikia, J., Konwar, P., Sarkar, A., Kemprai, P., Saikia, S. P., Haldar, S., Slater, R. J., & Banik, D. (2023) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113928 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Alkaloids from the entheogenic plant Peganum harmala
Anstis, D. G., Liyu, J., Davison, E. K., & Sperry, J. (2023) · Australian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1071/ch23038 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Complex slow waves radically reorganise human brain dynamics under 5-MeO-DMTPreprint
Blackburne, G., McAlpine, R. G., Fabus, M. S., Liardi, A., Kamboj, S. K., Mediano, P. A. M., & Skipper, J. I. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.10.04.616717 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
5-MeO-DMT induces sleep-like LFP spectral signatures in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of awake rats
Souza, A. C., Souza, B. C., França, A. S. C., Moradi, M., Souza, N. C., Leão, K. E., Tort, A. B. L., Leão, R. N., Lopes‐dos‐Santos, V., & Ribeiro, S. T. G. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-61474-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kambô: A Shamanistic Ritual Arriving in the West - Description, Risks and Perception by the Users
Keppel, H. J. M. (2018) · International Journal of Psychology and Psychoanalysis · doi:10.23937/2572-4037.1510034 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Neural correlates of pure presence
Boly, M., Smith, R., Borrego, G. V., Pozuelos, J. P., Alauddin, T., Malinowski, P., & Tononi, G. (2024) · doi:10.1101/2024.04.18.590081 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Novel Thermosensitive and Mucoadhesive Nasal Hydrogel Containing 5-MeO-DMT Optimized Using Box-Behnken Experimental Design
Miranda, P., Castro, A., Díaz, P., Minini, L., Ferraro, F., Paulsen, E., Faccio, R., & Pardo, H. (2024) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym16152148 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Mapping the phenomenology of intranasal 5-MeO-DMT in psychedelic-naïve healthy adults
Ermakova, A. O., Dunbar, F., Seynaeve, M., & Millière, R. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-22620-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Psilocybin use patterns and perception of risk among a cohort of Black individuals with Opioid Use Disorder
Clifton, J. M., Belcher, A. M., Greenblatt, A. D., Welsh, C., Cole, T. O., & Davis, A. K. (2022) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2022.00214 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Infoveillance and Critical Analysis of the Systematically Reviewed Literature on Dimethyltryptamine and the “God Molecule”
Al-Imam, A., Motyka, M. A., Hoffmann, B., Magowska, A. M., & Michalak, M. (2023) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph16060831 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Defining 5-MeO-DMT in Historical and Cultural Contexts
Delgrasso, A. (2024) · World Futures · doi:10.1080/02604027.2024.2330255 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
`Foxtrot' fumarate: a water-soluble salt of N,N-diallyl-5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeO-DALT)
Pham, D. N. K., Sammeta, V. R., Chadeayne, A. R., Golen, J. A., & Manke, D. R. (2021) · Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications · doi:10.1107/s2056989021002838 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Tryptamines
Greene, S. L. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818788-3.00014-0 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Mind the gap! Addressing unresolved aspects of abuse potential evaluation and scheduling of classic and novel psychedelic drugs
Heal, D. J., Gosden, J., & Smith, S. L. (2025) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811251382147 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Application of microarray patches for the transdermal administration of psychedelic drugs in micro-doses
Fandiño, O. E., Hutton, A. R. J., Zhang, C., Abbate, M. T. A., Naser, Y. A., Li, Y., Paredes, A. J., & Donnelly, R. F. (2024) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114603 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Neuropharmacology of halogenated DMT analogs: psychoplastogenic and antidepressant properties of 5-Br-DMT, a psychedelic derivative with low hallucinogenic potential
Puigseslloses, P., Nadal‐Gratacós, N., Fumàs, B., Modenutti, C. P., Pottie, E., Ortigosa, J., Pablo-Quesada, A., Riera-Colomer, C., Ettcheto, M., Berzosa, X., et al. (2025) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-025-03308-2 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
How to set up a psychedelic study: Unique considerations for research involving human participants
Glennon, M. J., Bird, C., Yadav, P., Kleine, P., Suseelan, S., Boman-Markaki, C., Kotoula, V., Butler, M., Leech, R., Roseman, L., et al. (2026) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106657 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Synthetic studies toward the marine alkaloid convolutindole A, a structurally remarkable derivative of the hallucinogen N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
Ichikawa, K., Neville, J. C., Yu, Y., & Sperry, J. (2023) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154756 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Mechanisms of integration in psychedelic-assisted therapy
Coverdale, N. S., & Cook, D. J. (2023) · Journal of Military Veteran and Family Health · doi:10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0014 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Psychedelic trip sitting, dosages and intensities: Supplementing clinical studies with anecdotal reports
Engel, L. B., Thal, S. B., Bright, S. J., & Low, M. (2024) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2024.00377 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Serotonergic psychedelics as potential therapeutics for post-COVID-19 syndrome (or Long COVID): A comprehensive review
Low, Z. X. B., Yong, S. J., AlRasheed, H. A., Al‐Subaie, M. F., Kaabi, N. A., Alfaresi, M. S., Albayat, H., Alotaibi, J., bshabshe, A. A. A. A., Alwashmi, A. S. S., et al. (2025) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111279 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Reactivations Associated with the Use of 5-MeO-DMT Among Spanish-Speaking Individuals: Prevalence, Predictors, and Emotional Valence
Bernal, A. M. O., Raison, C. L., Lancelotta, R., Timmermann, C., Sepeda, N. D., & Davis, A. K. (2025) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2025.2577305 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effects of psilocybin on time perception in humans: A comparative analysis of subjective and objective measures
Scholle, P., Wenke, Š., Nekovářová, T., Zaytseva, Y., Tylš, F., Brunovský, M., Horáček, J., Andrashko, V., Koudelka, V., Viktorinová, M., et al. (2026) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811251389552 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT): Patterns of use, motives for consumption, and acute subjective effects
Davis, A. K., Barsuglia, J. P., Lancelotta, R., Grant, R., & Renn, E. (2017) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.32653.84960
Self-citation
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used in a naturalistic group setting is associated with unintended improvements in depression and anxiety
Davis, A. K., So, S., Lancelotta, R., Barsuglia, J. P., & Griffiths, R. R. (2019) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1545024 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Self-citation
Subjective improvements in substance use problems following 5-MeO-DMT use in an international sample
Cox, K., Moshman, S., Barsuglia, J. P., Lancelotta, R. L., & Davis, A. K. (2018) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.30041.57448
Self-citation
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a naturalistic setting is related to sustained enhancement of satisfaction with life, mindfulness-related capacities, and a decrement of psychopathological symptoms.
Uthaug, M. V., Lancelotta, R., van Oorsouw, K., Kuypers, K. P. C., Mason, N., Rak, J., Šuláková, A., Jurok, R., Maryška, M., Kuchař, M., et al. (2019) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05236-w · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citation
The clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT)
Reckweg, J. T., Uthaug, M. V., Szabó, A., Davis, A. K., Lancelotta, R., Mason, N. L., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2022) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15587 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Davis, A. K., Barsuglia, J. P., Lancelotta, R., Grant, R. M., & Renn, E.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
Crossroads Treatment Center, Rosarito, Mexico
University of Wyoming (US)
University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author: Davis, Alan K
ORCID: Davis, Alan K
Barsuglia, Joseph P
Lancelotta, Rafael
Grant, Robert M
Venue: Journal of Psychopharmacology
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2018-04-30
Volume: 32
Issue: 7
Pages: 779-792
ISSN: 0269-8811 (ISSN-L)
1461-7285
DOI: 10.1177/0269881118769063
PMC: PMC6248886
OpenAlex: W2802902398
Cited by: 140
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4
FWCI: 12.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA007747)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA07209)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology
Keywords: 5-MeO-DMT, tryptamine, psychedelic drug use, usage patterns, subjective effects, spiritual journey, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, alcoholism, drug craving, addiction potential
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Hallucinogens, Humans, Male, Methoxydimethyltryptamines, Middle Aged, Motivation, Psychotropic Drugs, Surveys and Questionnaires, Substance-Related Disorders, Internet, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks