The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Female Leaders: Injurious or Inspiring Role Models for Women?
Abstract
The impact of female role models on women’s leadership aspirations and self-perceptions after a leadership task were assessed across two laboratory studies. These studies tested the prediction that upward social comparisons to high-level female leaders will have a relatively detrimental impact on women’s self-perceptions and leadership aspirations compared to male and less elite female leaders. In Study 1 ( N = 60), women were presented with both female and male leaders before serving as leaders of ostensible three-person groups in an immersive virtual environment. This study established the relatively deflating impact of high-level female leaders, compared to high-level male leaders and the control condition, on participants' self-perceptions. Using a similar methodology, Study 2 ( N = 57) further demonstrated that the impact of elite female leaders on participants' self-perceptions in turn adversely affected their leadership aspirations. This study also showed more positive responses to nonelite female leaders with whom participants more strongly identify and who increase counterstereotypic thinking. Taken together, these studies point to a potential dark side of elite female leaders as role models in a domain where individuals are possible targets of a negative stereotype. However, they also point to the relatively more beneficial impact of female role models who disconfirm the negative stereotype.
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“One important moderator of the impact of leader role models on women is the extent to which they are able to identify with the role models and deem their success attainable.”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Hoyt and Simon (2011)
In the citing paper
“For example, examining women's performance in the stereotype-threatening domain of leadership, Hoyt and Simon (2011) found that whereas exposure to elite female leaders had self-deflating effects on women's leadership aspirations and self-perceptions following a leadership task, similar exposure to less elite female role models with whom the women could identify, did not have this negative impact.”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Hoyt and Simon (2011)
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
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- Hoyt C., 2008, Leadership at the crossroads: Leadership and psychology, 1, 165
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The queen bee phenomenon: Why women leaders distance themselves from junior women
Derks, B., van Laar, C., & Ellemers, N. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.12.007 · Cited by 710
The Motivational Theory of Role Modeling: How Role Models Influence Role Aspirants’ Goals
Morgenroth, T., Ryan, M. K., & Peters, K. (2015) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/gpr0000059 · Cited by 644
Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership
Hoyt, C. L., & Murphy, S. E. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.11.002 · Cited by 454
Self-citationEnduring Influence of Stereotypical Computer Science Role Models on Women’s Academic Aspirations
Cheryan, S., Drury, B. J., & Vichayapai, M. (2012) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684312459328 · Cited by 260
Olsson, M., & Martiny, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02264 · Cited by 234
Metadata
- Authors
- Hoyt, C. L., & Simon, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Richmond (US)
- Tulane University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hoyt, Crystal L.
- Venue
- Psychology of Women Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 143-157
- ISSN
- 0361-6843 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-6402
- OpenAlex
- W2138789001
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 12.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology of Women Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Diversity and Inequality
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Career Development and Diversity
- Keywords
- female role models, women in leadership, leadership aspirations, self-perception, upward social comparison, gender stereotypes, leader identification
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