Psychological Treatments for Social Phobia
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Objective: To review the empirical status of psychological treatments for social phobia (SP), commenting both on cognitive-behavioural interventions and on more recent iterations of those approaches. We also review the effective components of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). Method: We qualitatively reviewed the empirical literature on the psychological treatment of SP. We include empirical studies, metaanalyses, and recent conference presentations in this review. Results: Cognitive and behavioural interventions for SP appear to be more effective than wait-list controls and supportive therapy. Comparisons of CBT and pharmacologic treatment have produced inconsistent results. Several new treatments for SP demonstrate promising results. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that various psychosocial treatments for SP are better than wait-list controls and credible placebo interventions. Ongoing projects investigate the relative efficacy of combining medication and psychosocial treatments over monotherapies; this line of research is important to continue. Further research should also focus on which components of CBT are most effective.
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Structured psychotherapies, with module (task) completion and review, are generally more effective than supportive psychotherapy.
“This reflects the face-to-face literature, in that the structured psychotherapies, with module (task) completion and review, are generally more effective than supportive psychotherapy [72-74].”
From A Systematic Review of the Impact of Adherence on the Effectiveness of e-Therapies (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
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BackgroundA brief literature review about relaxation therapy and anxiety
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“Relaxation training seems to be effective also in the treatment of some phobias, such as social phobia (Clark et al., 2006; Rowa & Antony, 2005), snakes phobia (McGlynn, Moore, Rose, & Lazarte, 1995), dentist phobia (Lamb & Strand, 1980; Lundgren, Carlsson, & Berggren, 2006), fear of flying (Aitken…”
BackgroundLangdon, P. E., Murphy, G. H., Wilson, E., Shepstone, L., Fowler, D. G., Heavens, D., Malovic, A., & Russell, A. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003449 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Effects of Inaccurate Expectations on Experiences with Psychotherapy
Seligman, L. D., Wuyek, L. A., Geers, A. L., Hovey, J. D., & Motley, R. L. (2008) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9174-6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“This may be particularly problematic in that at least some studies have shown atheoretical treatment to have little to no effect for clinical problems (e.g., Cohen et al. 2005; Kolko et al. 2000; Rowa and Antony 2005; Weiss et al. 1999) while psychodynamic treatments, to date, have been shown to work for only a very l…”
BackgroundA Pilot Study Examining the Effects of Kouk Sun Do on University Students with Anxiety Symptoms
Kim, J., Yang, H. W., & Schroeppel, S. (2012) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2431 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Swinson, R. P. (2005) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370505000601 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Rowa and Antony provide a useful review of psychosocial interventions, including several recent developments in cognitivebehavioural approaches, and they also briefly discuss the evidence in regard to combination therapies (8).”
Treatment of Co-Occurring Alcoholism and Social Anxiety Disorder
Randall, C. L., Book, S. W., Carrigan, M. H., & Thomas, S. E. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74290-8_8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Psychosocial interventions that are effective for the treatment of social anxiety disorder include exposure therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with or without exposure, applied relaxation and social skills training, as well as interpersonal therapy and mindfulness techniques ( Rowa & Antony, 2005 ).”
MethodSheraton, T. E., Gildersleve, C. D., & Hall, J. E. (2006) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2006.04857.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Perceptions of dentists, dentistry undergraduate students, and the lay public about dental sedation
Costa, L. R., Dias, A. D., Pinheiro, L. S., Chaves, M. E. P. D. S., Ferreira, R. D. A. R., de Almeida, R. B., & Lima, A. R. D. A. (2004) · Journal of Applied Oral Science · doi:10.1590/s1678-77572004000300004 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Estado del Arte sobre el Tratamiento de la Fobia Social
Rey, A. A. C., Aldana, R. A. D., & Hernández, R. S. (2006) · Terapia psicológica · Cited by 11 · see citing works
O uso do treino de habilidades sociais em pessoas com fobia social na terapia comportamental
da Rocha, J. F., Bolsoni-Silva, A. T., & Verdu, A. C. M. A. (2017) · Perspectivas em Análise do Comportamento · doi:10.18761/perspectivas.v3i1.81 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
(2014) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Treatments for Anxiety Disorders in Malaysia
Khaiyom, J. H. A., Mukhtar, F., & Oei, T. P. S. (2019) · Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.21315/mjms2019.26.3.2 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A guide to what works for anxiety disorders.
Reavley, N. J., Allen, N. B., Jorm, A. F., Morgan, A. J., Purcell, R., & Beyondblue (2010) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
dos Santos, L. F., Osório, F. D. L., Loureiro, S. R., Hallak, J. E. C., & Crippa, J. A. S. (2011) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832011000600005 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Hosein, D., Yazdandoost, R. Y., Banafsheh, G., & Aliasghar, A. F. (2012) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A guide to what works for anxiety
Reavley, N. J., Allen, N., Jorm, A. F., Morgan, A. J., Ryan, S., & Purcell, R. (2013) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Social Skills Group For Adults Living With Asperger's Syndrome
Giuliani, F., & Korh, P. E. (2016) · Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.21767/2471-9854.100025 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) based on social skills has already been shown to be an effective treatment for anxiety in individuals with Asperger's Syndrome and there is increasing interest concerning therapies for people with Asperger's who experience difficulties linked to anxiety [14-19].”
BackgroundAl-Moteri, J. F. (2016) · Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Öztürk, F. Ö., & Gür, G. C. (2025) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-025-10179-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fobia social y Terapia Cognitivo Conductual: Definición, evaluación y tratamiento
Camilli, C., & Rodríguez, Y. (2008) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Evaluación y formulación de caso para los trastornos de ansiedad en Colombia
Toro, R., & Ochoa, D. (2011) · Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología · doi:10.33881/2027-1786.rip.4101 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tavoli, A., اللهیاری, ع., Azadfalah, P., Fahi-Ashtiani, A., & Melyani, M. (2013) · International behavioral sciences/International journal of behavioral sciences · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Consequences of Holding Irrational and Rational Beliefs; and Their Impact on Educational Performance
Najafi, T., & Baranovich, D.-L. (2014) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anxiety Disorders: Social Anxiety Disorder and Specific Phobia
McCabe, R. E., Hood, H. K., & Antony, M. M. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118753378.ch54 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationAnxiety activating virtual environments for investigating social phobias
Kwon, R. J. (2026) · Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) · doi:10.82444/warw.33492211 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Intervención cognitivo-conductual en un caso de fobia social y trastornos de angustia con agorafobia
Nieto, M. Á. P., & Redondo, M. (2002) · Edupsykhé Revista de Psicología y Educación · doi:10.57087/edupsykhe.v1i1.3724
The Case Of Vumile: Breathing Life Into a Manual and Model
Turk, C. L. (2006) · Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy · doi:10.14713/pcsp.v2i1.870
“…manualized treatment; evidence based practice; randomized control trials (RCTs) ______________________________________________________________________ A large body of research supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatments for social phobia (see Rowa & Antony, 2005 for a recent review).”
BackgroundTREATING SOCIAL ANXIETY IN ADOLESCENTS: TEN GROUP THERAPY LESSON PLANS
Mazur, A. (2009) · Open ULeth Scholarship (OPUS) (University of Lethbridge)
Reinstrup, P., Ryding, E., Ohlsson, T., Sandell, A., Erlandsson, K., Ljunggren, K., Salford, L. G., Strand, S., & Uski, T. K. (2008)
Teixeira, L., Duarte, D., & Saraiva, R. Â. (2009)
MacKenzie, M. B. (2014) · Memorial University Research Repository (Memorial University)
da Rocha, J. F., Bolsoni-Silva, A. T., Cláudia, A., & Verdu, M. A. (2012)
Rey, A. A. C., & Aldana, D. R. (2006)
Devi, K. S. (2018) · Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research · doi:10.18535/jmscr/v6i4.47
Design and Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality Application to Reduce Anxiety in Young Adults
Guillen-Sanz, H., Miguel-Alonso, I., Quevedo-Bayona, I., & Rodríguez-Garcia, B. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42293-5_51
KBT som behandlingsmetod mot social fobi och depression utifrån behandlarnas perspektiv
Korkeamäki, B. (2008) · Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)
- Authors
- Rowa, K., & Antony, M. M.
- Affiliations
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton (CA)
- Venue
- The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 308-316
- ISSN
- 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
- 1497-0015
- OpenAlex
- W2102325949
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, psychological intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive intervention, behavioral interventions, treatment efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Benzodiazepines, Humans, Phobic Disorders, Relaxation, Socialization, Teaching, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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