Cited by 112COVID-19 and Mental HealthMental Health Treatment and AccessMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

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Emerging New Psychiatric Symptoms and the Worsening of Pre-existing Mental Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Canadian Multisite Study: Nouveaux symptômes psychiatriques émergents et détérioration des troubles mentaux préexistants durant la pandémie de la COVID-19: une étude canadienne multisite

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Robillard, Rebecca, Daros, Alexander R., Phillips, Jennifer L., Porteous, Meggan, Saad, Mysa, Pennestri, Marie-Helene, Kendzerska, Tetyana, Edwards, Jodi D., Solomonova, Elizaveta, Bhatla, Rajiv, Godbout, Roger, Kaminsky, Zachary, Boafo, Addo, Quilty, Lena C.·2021·The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1177/0706743720986786PMC PMC8504288

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Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused global disruptions with serious psychological impacts. This study investigated the emergence of new psychiatric symptoms and the worsening of pre-existing mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, identified factors associated with psychological worsening, and assessed changes in mental health service use. Methods: An online survey was circulated between April 3 and June 23, 2020. Respondents were asked to complete mental health questionnaires based on 2 time referents: currently (i.e., during the outbreak) and in the month preceding the outbreak. A total of 4,294 Canadians between 16 and 99 years of age were subdivided based on the presence of self-reported psychiatric diagnoses. Results: The proportion of respondents without prior psychiatric history who screened positive for generalized anxiety disorder and depression increased by 12% and 29%, respectively, during the outbreak. Occurrences of clinically important worsening in anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation symptoms relative to pre-outbreak estimates were significantly higher in those with psychiatric diagnoses. Furthermore, 15% to 19% of respondents reported increased alcohol or cannabis use. Worse psychological changes relative to pre-outbreak estimate were associated with female sex, younger age, lower income, poorer coping skills, multiple psychiatric comorbidities, previous trauma exposure, deteriorating physical health, poorer family relationships, and lower exercising. Reductions in mental health care were associated with increased suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The worsening in mental health symptoms and the decline in access to care call for the urgent development of adapted interventions targeting both new mental disorders and pre-existing psychiatric conditions affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Authors: Robillard, R., Daros, A. R., Phillips, J. L., Porteous, M., Saad, M., Pennestri, M.-H., Kendzerska, T., Edwards, J. D., Solomonova, E., Bhatla, R., Godbout, R., Kaminsky, Z., Boafo, A., & Quilty, L. C.
Affiliations: The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
University of Ottawa (CA)
Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre (CA)
Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
McGill University (CA)
Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal (CA)
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CA)
ORCID: Robillard, Rebecca
Daros, Alexander R.
Phillips, Jennifer L.
Porteous, Meggan
Saad, Mysa
Kendzerska, Tetyana
Edwards, Jodi D.
Solomonova, Elizaveta
Godbout, Roger
Kaminsky, Zachary
Boafo, Addo
Quilty, Lena C.
Venue: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2021-01-19
Volume: 66
Issue: 9
Pages: 815-826
ISSN: 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
1497-0015
DOI: 10.1177/0706743720986786
PMC: PMC8504288
OpenAlex: W3125120239
Cited by: 112
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 20
FWCI: 16.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship@McGill (McGill) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, psychiatric symptoms, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, mental health service utilization, access to mental health care, alcohol consumption, cannabis use, comorbidities, trauma exposure, physical health, family relationships, physical activity, Canadian adults
MeSH terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Mental Disorders, Canada, Female, Humans, Pandemics

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