CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 241Personality Traits and PsychologyPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 110 of the 110 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Personality Dimensions and Depression: Review and Commentary

Enns, Murray W, Cox, Brian J·1997·The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1177/070674379704200305
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The relationship between dimensionally assessed personality and the onset, features, and course of depressive illness will be critically examined and considered in relation to 4 hypothesized models: predisposition or vulnerability: pathoplasty: complication or scar: and spectrum or continuity. METHOD: Studies that have used clinically depressed adult patients to explore the relationship between personality dimensions and depression will be reviewed. RESULTS: Higher-order personality factors that have shown a significant and consistent association with major depressive illness include neuroticism, extraversion (negative relationship), and the factors of Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Model. Neuroticism appears to be the most powerful predictor of depression. Lower-order factors showing a significant and consistent relationship with depressive illness include dependency, self-criticism, obsessionality, and perfectionism. The links between depression and dependency and self-criticism have the strongest empirical support. CONCLUSIONS: Several personality dimensions are significantly associated with depressive illness, but the evidence that unequivocally demonstrates a true personality predisposition for depression is modest. Measures of personality may prove to be clinically useful for treatment selection.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/070674379704200305

Cites

110 of 110 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. EysenckHJ, EysenckSB. Manual of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. London: University of London Press; 1964.
  2. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb03590.x · DOI
  3. BlattSJ, D'AfflittiJP, QuinlanDM. Depressive Experiences Questionnaire. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press; 1976.
  4. Bibring E, 1953, Affective disorders, 13
  5. Enns MW, 1996, In: Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy 30th Annual Meeting
  6. Widiger TA, 1993, Personality and depression: a current view, 77

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 241

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J.
Affiliations
University of Manitoba (CA)
ORCID
Venue
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
1997-04
Volume
42
Issue
3
Pages
274-284
ISSN
  • 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
  • 1497-0015
DOI
10.1177/070674379704200305
OpenAlex
W1732822633
Cited by
241
References
98
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 15
FWCI
1.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
personality factors, depression, neuroticism, extraversion, dependency, self-criticism, obsessionality, perfectionism, personality predisposition, vulnerability model, course of depression, treatment selection
MeSH terms
Adult, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Personality Development, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review