Testing a tripartite model: I. Evaluating the convergent and discriminant validity of anxiety and depression symptom scales.

Watson, David; Weber, Kris; Assenheimer, Jana Smith; Clark, Lee Anna; Strauss, Milton E.; McCormick, Richard A.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.104.1.3

Cited by 1,423Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Research TopicsChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Testing a tripartite model: I. Evaluating the convergent and discriminant validity of anxiety and depression symptom scales.

Watson, David, Weber, Kris, Assenheimer, Jana Smith, Clark, Lee Anna, Strauss, Milton E., McCormick, Richard A.·1995·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0021-843x.104.1.3

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Abstract

L.A. Clark and D. Watson (1991) proposed a tripartite model that groups symptoms of depression and anxiety into 3 subtypes: symptoms of general distress that are largely nonspecific, manifestations of somatic tension and arousal that are relatively unique to anxiety, and symptoms of anhedonia and low Positive Affect that are specific to depression. This model was tested in 5 samples (3 student, 1 adult, and 1 patient sample) using the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ; D. Watson & L. A. Clark, 1991), which was designed to assess the hypothesized symptom groups, together with other symptom and cognition measures. Consistent with the tripartite model, the MASQ Anxious Arousal and Anhedonic Depression scales both differentiated anxiety and depression well and also showed excellent convergent validity. Thus, differentiation of these constructs can be improved by focusing on symptoms that are relatively unique to each.

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The MASQ-AA and MASQ-AD subscales provide psychometrically sound and empirically specific composites for 'pure' anxiety and 'pure' depression symptoms, respectively.
“only the MASQ-AA and MASQ-AD subscales were used in the present investigation because they provide psychometrically sound and empirically specifi c composites for”
From Anxiety sensitivity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in the prediction of early smoking lapse and relapse during smoking cessation treatment (2009) · cites this paper as Watson et al., 1995

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Authors: Watson, D., Weber, K., Assenheimer, J. S., Clark, L. A., Strauss, M. E., & McCormick, R. A.
Affiliations: University of Iowa (US)
ORCID: Clark, Lee Anna
McCormick, Richard A.
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1995-02
Volume: 104
Issue: 1
Pages: 3-14
ISSN: 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
1939-1846
DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.104.1.3
OpenAlex: W2139205784
Cited by: 1,423
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 87 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 71
FWCI: 21.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: tripartite model, anxiety, depression, convergent validity, discriminant validity, anhedonia, positive affect, anxious arousal, symptom subtypes
MeSH terms: Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychological Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results

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Testing a tripartite model: I. Evaluating the convergent and discriminant validity of anxiety and depression symptom scales.

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