Cited by 339Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchFamily and Disability Support ResearchBehavioral and Psychological Studies

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Mindful Parenting Decreases Aggression, Noncompliance, and Self-Injury in Children With Autism

Singh, Nirbhay N., Lancioni, Giulio E., Winton, Alan S.W., Fisher, Barbara C., Wahler, Robert G., Mcaleavey, Kristen, Singh, Judy, Sabaawi, Mohamed·2006·Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

DOI 10.1177/10634266060140030401

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Abstract

Parent—child transactions provide an important social context for the development of adaptive and problem behaviors in young children with autism.Teaching parents to develop alternative transactional pathways often leads to positive behavioral patterns in their children.We taught three parents the philosophy and practice of mindfulness in a 12-week course and assessed the outcome of the training on their children's behavior. In addition, the mothers rated satisfaction with their parenting skills and interactions with their children. Results showed that the mothers' mindful parenting decreased their children's aggression, noncompliance, and self-injury and increased the mothers' satisfaction with their parenting skills and interactions with their children.We speculated on the possible reasons for the efficacy of mindful parenting in decreasing the children's problem behaviors without the application of specific, programmed contingencies for the children's behavior.

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Background
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Background
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“Specifically, interventions that have addressed parent adjustment and self-efficacy have yielded significant reductions in behavior problems among children with ASD (Karst and Vaughan 2012; Sofronoff and Farbotko 2002; Singh et al., 2006).”
Background
Mindfulness-based wellbeing for socio-economically disadvantaged parents: a pre-post pilot study
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Suarez, V., Moon, E. I., & Najdowski, A. C. (2021) · Behavior Analysis in Practice · doi:10.1007/s40617-021-00567-7 · Cited by 11
Improving a Family’s Overall Quality of Life Through Parent Training in Pivotal Response Treatment
Buckley, T. W., Ente, A. P., & Ruef, M. B. (2013) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/1098300713483177 · Cited by 12
“…treatment models (Ingersoll & Dvortcsak, 2006; Koegel, Bimbela, & Schreibman, 1996; Koegel & Koegel, 2006; Lifter, 2008; Rocha, Schreibman, & Stahmer, 2007; Singh et al., 2006), especially as it pertains to behavioral interventions for children with autism (Koegel, Koegel, & Carter, 1999).”
Background
Mindfulness and Transformative Parenting
Whittingham, K. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22255-4_18 · Cited by 11
Intervening from the “Inside Out”: Exploring the Role of Self-Determination and Mindfulness-Based Interventions for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Shogren, K. A., & Singh, N. N. (2022) · Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s41252-022-00252-y · Cited by 12
Self-citation
Exercise and Autism Symptoms: A Case Study
Burns, B. T., & Ault, R. L. (2009) · Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research · doi:10.24839/1089-4136.jn14.2.43 · Cited by 12
Strength-Based Approaches to Working with Families of Children with ASD
Steiner, A. M., & Gengoux, G. W. (2018) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90994-3_10 · Cited by 13
Attachment and emotional regulation: examining the role of prefrontal cortex functions, executive functions, and mindfulness in their relationship
Şahin, N. H., Tasso, A. F., & Güler, M. (2023) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-023-01144-2 · Cited by 13
“…given that mindfulness is a concept perpetrating the professional and lay studies, and ripe for psychotherapeutic, parent training, and academic applications (Astin 1997; Duncan and Bardacke 2010; Shapiro et al. 2007; Singh et al. 2006; Speca et al. 2000; Snyder et al. 2012; Vieten and Astin 2008).”
Background
Mindful Self-Care for Caregivers: A Proof of Concept Study Investigating a Model for Embedded Caregiver Support in a Pediatric Setting
Mount, K. B., Elliott, S. C., Hynan, L. S., Warren, B. A., & Jarrett, R. B. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05113-6 · Cited by 17
Effects of MBSR Parent Intervention on Internalizing Problems in Children: ASD Status as a Moderator
McGregor, H. A., Sanner, C. M., & Neece, C. L. (2020) · Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1080/19315864.2020.1815913 · Cited by 15
Nonpharmacological Interventions
Didden, R., Totsika, V., Sigafoos, J., Leoni, M., & Cavagnola, R. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95720-3_12 · Cited by 11
Mindfulness-based interventions in child and adolescent psychopathology
Bögels, S. M., de Bruin, E. I., & der Oord, S. V. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139344456.032 · Cited by 12
Appreciating the world of autism through the lens of video interaction guidance: an exploration of a parent’s perceptions, experiences and emerging narratives on autism
Gibson, K. A. (2013) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2013.844096 · Cited by 11
“Differences in these systems are suggested to have implications for interpersonal development, language development, social and emotional engagement, and ‘synrhythmia’ between parent and child (Kennedy and Sked 2008; Singh et al. 2006; Trevarthen et al. 1996).”
Background
Mindful Parenting: A Behavioral Tool for Parent Well-Being
Fuller, J. L., & Fitter, E. A. (2020) · Behavior Analysis in Practice · doi:10.1007/s40617-020-00447-6 · Cited by 7
Searching for What Really Matters: A Thematic Analysis of Quality of Life among Preschool Children on the Autism Spectrum
Lichtlé, J., Lamore, K., Pedoux, A., Downes, N., Mottron, L., & Cappe, É. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05097-3 · Cited by 13
“When mothers recognize and accept the special needs of their child, challenging behaviors decrease (Singh et al., 2006).”
Background
Effect of Adult Disapproval of Cartoon Violence on Children's Aggressive Play
Miranda, P., McCluskey, N. J., Silber, B. J., Pohle, C. M. D. V., & Bainum, C. K. (2009) · Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research · doi:10.24839/1089-4136.jn14.2.79 · Cited by 9
“Also noteworthy is research by Singh et al. (2006) examining autistic children and parenting style.”
Background
Mindful parenting, internalized and externalized problem behaviors among children: A latent cross-lagged model
Ma, R., Chen, D., Alwis, J. D., & Xu, W. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107667 · Cited by 11
Mindfulness for Autism
Poquérusse, J., Pagnini, F., & Langer, E. J. (2020) · Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s41252-020-00180-9 · Cited by 13
Who's Influencing Who? Adolescent Symptomatology and Caregiver Mindful Parenting
Kim, J. J., & Gonzales, N. A. (2021) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12624 · Cited by 11
Mindfulness
Hwang, Y., & Singh, N. N. (2016) · Evidence-based practices in behavioral health · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26583-4_12 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Using video self-modeling to increase compliance to classroom requests in students with autism spectrum disorder
Diorio, R., Bray, M., Sanetti, L. M. H., & Kehle, T. J. (2018) · International Journal of School & Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/21683603.2018.1443857 · Cited by 11
“In addition to displaying the two defining characteristics, children with ASD frequently exhibit challenging behavior including tantrums, aggression, noncompliance, and self-injury (Bellini & Akullian, 2007; Singh et al., 2006).”
Background
Entrenamiento Conductual y Atención Plena sobre el Estrés Parental y Relación Padre-Hijo
García, Y., & Grau-Gonzalez, I. A. (2018) · Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa · doi:10.1590/0102.3772e3323 · Cited by 9
“Por ejemplo, algunos autores (Dumas, 2005; Singh et al., 2006; Whittingham, 2014) han iniciado programas de intervención que buscan avanzar en la validación de estos protocolos de intervención, sin embargo, estos aun no logran integrar completamente cada uno de los procesos utilizados en ambos…”
BackgroundInfluential
Longitudinal association of mindfulness with aggression and non‐suicidal self‐injury in adolescence: The mediating role of shame‐proneness
Zhang, R., Chen, J., Zhang, C., & Xu, W. (2023) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.22121 · Cited by 8
The Relationship Between Parental Phubbing and Preschoolers’ Behavioral Problems: The Mediation Role of Mindful Attention Awareness
Puligheddu, A., Porru, A., Spanò, A., Cataudella, S., Mascia, M. L., Rollo, D., Cabras, C., Penna, M. P., & Lucangeli, D. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children12081022 · Cited by 9
“This aligns with earlier research showing that mindful parenting supports positive psychosocial outcomes in children and adolescents [69,75,88–90].”
How acceptance and commitment therapy changed the perspective on support provision for staff working with intellectual disability
Leoni, M., Corti, S., Cavagnola, R., Healy, O., & Noone, S. J. (2016) · Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1108/amhid-09-2015-0046 · Cited by 9
The effects of mindfulness on mother–child relationships and maternal well‐being during the first COVID‐19 lockdown in Israel
Maoz, L. B., Lavy, S., & Berkovich‐Ohana, A. (2023) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.13013 · Cited by 8
Dispositional mindfulness associated with less academic burnout among Muslim students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Aldbyani, A., Al‐Abyadh, M. H. A., Ma, B., Lv, Y., Leng, J., & Guo, Q. (2023) · South African Journal of Education · doi:10.15700/saje.v43n3a2231 · Cited by 8
“Mindfulness training can increase students’ educational performance and make them more resilient to stress (e.g., Singh, Lancioni, Winton, Fisher, Wahler, McAleavey, Singh & Sabaawi, 2006).”
Background
A brief online mindful parenting program: Feasibility and initial effects pilot in a community sample
Sherwood, A., Paynter, J. M., & Emerson, L. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02571-7 · Cited by 13
“MBIs for parenting aim to improve the parent-child transactional relationship, or the way in which both parents and children influence each other’s development—including maintenance of difficult behaviors – via their behavioral responses (Singh et al., 2006).”
Background
The experiences of “autism mothers” who become behavior analysts: A qualitative study.
Barbera, M. L. (2007) · The Journal of Speech and Language Pathology – Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1037/h0100227 · Cited by 8
Mindfulness Care Giving and Support for Anger and Aggression Management
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., & Hwang, Y. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68549-2_10 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
„Mindful Parenting“ – Achtsamkeit in der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung
Bröning, S., & Brandt, M. (2022) · Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1422-4917/a000853 · Cited by 7
Propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español de la Escala de Atención Plena (Mindfulness) Interpersonal en la Parentalidad en madres de preescolares en Chile
Corthorn, C., Duncan, L. G., Manzi, J. M., & Pedrero, V. (2022) · CES Psicología · doi:10.21615/cesp.5820 · Cited by 9
Mindfulness: An Application of Positive Psychology in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Singh, N., Lancioni, G., Hwang, Y.-S., Chan, J., Shogren, K., & Wehmeyer, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59066-0_6 · Cited by 8
Self-citation

Authors: Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Fisher, B. C., Wahler, R. G., Mcaleavey, K., Singh, J., & Sabaawi, M.
Affiliations: ONE Research Institute in Midlothian, Virginia
University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
Massey University (NZ)
Cedar Lane Elementary School, Ashburn, Virginia
University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
Longwood University (US)
George Washington University (US)
ORCID: Singh, Nirbhay N.
Lancioni, Giulio E.
Wahler, Robert G.
Venue: Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2006-07
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Pages: 169-177
ISSN: 1063-4266 (ISSN-L)
1538-4799
DOI: 10.1177/10634266060140030401
OpenAlex: W2102014501
Cited by: 337
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 5.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Keywords: mindful parenting, autism spectrum disorder, aggression, non-compliance, self-harm, parenting skills, parenting satisfaction, behavioral problems, mothers

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Mindful Parenting Decreases Aggression, Noncompliance, and Self-Injury in Children With Autism

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